eng
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
2008-3866
2008-3874
2012-03-01
15
2
691
692
10.22038/ijbms.2012.4839
4839
Morphine and Angiogenesis in Hypertensive Animals
Majid Khazaei
khazaei@med.mui.ac.ir
1
Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_4839_189786c00ea7a7807be367aedb49f042.pdf
eng
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
2008-3866
2008-3874
2012-03-01
15
2
693
701
10.22038/ijbms.2012.4840
4840
Bacteriophage: Time to Re-Evaluate the Potential of Phage Therapy as a Promising Agent to Control Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria
Masoud Sabouri Ghannad
sabouri39@yahoo.com
1
Avid Mohammadi
avid_virology@yahoo.com
2
Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
Nowadays the most difficult problem in treatment of bacterial infections is the appearance of resistant bacteria to the antimicrobial agents so that the attention is being drawn to other potential targets. In view of the positive findings of phage therapy, many advantages have been mentioned which utilizes phage therapy over chemotherapy and it seems to be a promising agent to replace the antibiotics. This review focuses on an understanding of phages for the treatment of bacterial infectious diseases as a new alternative treatment of infections caused by multiple antibiotic resistant bacteria. Therefore,utilizing bacteriophage may be accounted as an alternative therapy. It is appropriate time to re-evaluate the potential of phage therapy as an effective bactericidaland a promising agent to control multidrug-resistant bacteria.
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_4840_6b86ccd353262cc3f13009bc8c497212.pdf
Bacteria
Bacteriophages
Drug resistance
Therapeutics
eng
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
2008-3866
2008-3874
2012-03-01
15
2
702
708
10.22038/ijbms.2012.4841
4841
Relationship between Patient Demographic Characteristics, Valproic Acid Dosage and Clearance in Adult Iranian Patients
Tamara Aghebati
1
Mohsen Foroughipour
2
Mahmoud Reza Azarpazhooh
3
Naghme Mokhber
4
Mohammad Hasanzadeh Khayat
5
Naser Vahdati
6
Amir Hooshang Mohammadpour
mohamadpoorah@mums.ac.ir
7
Pharmaceutical Research Centre, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine & Psychiatric Research Centre, Ebn-sina Hospital, Mashad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Pharmaceutical Research Centre, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Department of Pharmacodinamy & Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Pharmaceutical Research Centre, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Objective(s) As there are conflicting findings regarding the clearance-dose and patient characteristics relationships for valproic acid (VPA), this study was conducted to investigate the relationship between patient demographic characteristics, VPA dosage and the drug clearance in adult Iranian patients. Materials and Methods Patients (N= 47) were either on monotherapy with VPA or were under co-treatment with drugs that have no effect on VPA pharmacokinetic (PK) profile. All of the patients received VPA at therapeutic dose. Steady state trough plasma concentrations of VPA were determined by Fluorescence Polarization Immunoassay (FPIA) and VPA apparent clearance (CL/F) were calculated in each patient. Results Mean VPA dose and VPA CL/F were 8.93±2.2 mg/kg/day and 0.65±0.55 l/hr respectively. No significant correlations were found between VPA CL/F and patients' age, TBW and VPA dose. VPA CL/F values of male and female patients were compared and no significant difference between these two groups was noted (P> 0.05). Significant correlation between VPA dose and total trough plasma concentration was found (P= 0.001). Mean total VPA plasma concentration was 54.51±23.74 mg/l. Conclusion Our study showed PK of VPA was not affected by age, sex, TBW and VPA dose. However, for detailed results and construction of VPA PK model in Iranian patients, it is necessary to evaluate VPA PK in a larger sample size with different VPA doses, age and TBW ranges.
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_4841_351022673325fad1e0bd721add75c4fd.pdf
Clearance
Demographic characteristic
Pharmacokinetic
Valproic acid
eng
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
2008-3866
2008-3874
2012-03-01
15
2
709
718
10.22038/ijbms.2012.4842
4842
Effects of Peripheral and Intra-hippocampal Administration of Sodium Salicylate on Spatial Learning and Memory of Rats
Leila Azimi
1
Ali Pourmotabbed
apourmotabbed@kums.ac.ir
2
Mohammad Rasool Ghadami
3
Seyed Ershad Nedaei
4
Targol Pourmotabbed
5
Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
Department of Neuroscience, School of Advanced Medical Technologies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Student of Information Technology, Kermanshah University of Technology, Kermanshah, Iran
Objective(s)
Cyclooxygenases (COXs) are known to play some roles in physiological mechanisms related to learning and memory. Since sodium salicylate is an inhibitor of COX, we have evaluated the effect of peripheral and intra-hippocampal administration of sodium salicylate on spatial learning and memory in male rats.
Materials and Methods
Male rats were studied in two groups; the first group received different intraperitoneal (i.p.) sodium salicylate doses (0, 200, 300, and 400 mg/kg) and the second group received intra-hippocampal doses of the drug (0, 30, 50, and 100 μg/0.5 μl/side). The spatial performance of rats was tested using Morris water maze (MWM) task. The spatial learning and memory parameters were analyzed using ANOVA.
Results
Peripheral and intra-hippocampal administration of sodium salicylate did not lead to a statistically significant change in the mean time (escape latency), and also the distance traveled for finding the hidden platform during the training days, compared with the control group. But at the probe trial, the percentage of time spent in the target quadrant by rats which received the highest doses of drug significantly increased.
Conclusion
We found that both peripheral and intra-hippocampal administration of sodium salicylate facilitates the process of spatial memory consolidation in the MWM.
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_4842_4c61603bc8ef44cee0fdd206f77ed437.pdf
Cyclooxygenase
Rat
Sodium salicylate
Spatial Memory
eng
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
2008-3866
2008-3874
2012-03-01
15
2
719
724
10.22038/ijbms.2012.4843
4843
Folic Acid and Coenzyme Q10 Ameliorate Cognitive Dysfunction in the Rats with Intracerebroventricular Injection of Streptozotocin
Hamid Reza Dehghani Dolatabadi
1
Parham Reisi
p_reisi@med.mui.ac.ir
2
Hojjatallah Alaei
3
Hamid Azizi Malekabadi
4
Ali Asghar Pilehvarian
5
Department of Basic Sciences, Isfahan Payame Noor University, Isfahan, Iran
Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
Department of Basic Sciences, Islamic Azad University Khorasgan Branch, Isfahan, Iran
Department of Basic Sciences, Isfahan Payame Noor University, Isfahan, Iran
Objective(s)
The present study aimed to investigate the effects of a fat soluble antioxidant, coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) and folic acid on learning and memory in the rats with intracerebroventricular injection of streptozotocin (ICV-STZ), an animal model of sporadic type of Alzheimer's disease.
Materials and Methods
The lesion groups were injected bilaterally with ICV-STZ (1.5 mg/kg b.wt., in normal saline). In the treated groups, rats received folic acid (4 mg/kg; i.p.) or CoQ10 (10 mg/kg; i.p.), either alone or together, for 21 days. Passive avoidance learning test was used for evaluation of learning and memory.
Results
The results showed that learning and memory performance was significantly impaired in the rats with ICV-STZ (P< 0.001), however CoQ10 and folic acid, either alone or together, prevented impairments significantly (P< 0.001), as there was not any significant difference between these treated lesion groups and control group.
Conclusion
The present results suggest that CoQ10 and folic acid have therapeutic and preventive effects on cognitive impairments in Alzheimer’s disease.
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_4843_506ded4f85dbfd4a0b496ec73320a4de.pdf
Alzheimer disease
Coenzyme Q10
folic acid
Passive avoidance learning
Streptozotocin
eng
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
2008-3866
2008-3874
2012-03-01
15
2
725
738
10.22038/ijbms.2012.4844
4844
Two Dimensional Structural Analysis and Expression of a New Staphylococcus aureus Adhesin Based Fusion Protein
Jamshid Faghri
faghri@med.mui.ac.ir
1
Delavar Shahbazzadeh
2
Kamran Pooshang Bagheri
k_bagheri@pasteur.ac.ir
3
Sharareh Moghim
moghim@med.mui.ac.ir
4
Hajieh Ghasemian Safaei
5
Bahram Nasr Esfahani
6
Hossein Fazeli
h_fazeli@med.mui.ac.ir
7
Rahmatolah Yazdani
8
Hamid Mirmohammad Sadeghi
9
Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine , Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
Biotechnology Research Centre, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
Biotechnology Research Centre, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine , Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine , Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine , Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine , Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine , Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of pharmacy, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
Objective(s)
Staphylococcus aureus is a foremost source of numerous nosocomial and community acquired infections. Antibiotic therapy for vancomycin resistant S. aureus (VRSA) can not promise the eradication of infections. Since adhesion is the major route of infections, adhesin based vaccine could suppress S. aureus infections. Fibronectin binding protein A (FnBPA) and clumping factor A (ClfA) are major responsible adhesions involved in S. aureus infections, so they could be candidate vaccine molecules against an extensive range of infections. This project intended to express a new fusion protein construct and analysis of biological activity regarding binding activity.
Materials and Methods
pfnbA- ClfA construct was transformed to Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3). Transformant E. coli were grown in LB broth and induced with IPTG and cellular extracts were separated on SDS–PAGE. RT-PCR was performed to verify expression. Binding activity of fusion protein was studied using human gingival fibroblast (HGF) cell line. D1-D3 protein from unpublished study was used as control.
Results
The expected fusion protein fragment showed by SDS-PAGE. RT-PCR verified the existence of mRNA relating to expressed fusion protein. Binding activity of S. aureus decreased after treatment of HGF cells with fusion protein.
Conclusion
In total,binding activity of fusion protein was approximately two fold lesser than D1-D3 protein. It is supposed that the fusion protein could not be attached to its ligand easily and would be more accessible to antigen presenting cells and consequentlyprotective antibodies will be produced. This project is pending for in vivo infection study in animal model.
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_4844_affee65d0431273a7134cd73da3dc964.pdf
Adhesion
Clumping factor A
Fibronectin binding protein A
Fusion protein
Staphylococcus aureus
Two dimensional structure
eng
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
2008-3866
2008-3874
2012-03-01
15
2
739
744
10.22038/ijbms.2012.4845
4845
The POLG Gene Polymorphism in Iranian Varicocele-Associated Infertility Patients
Mohammad Mehdi Heidari
heidarimm@yazduni.ac.ir
1
Mehri Khatami
m.khatami@yazd.ac.ir
2
Ali Reza Talebi
3
Department of Biology, Science School, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran
Department of Biology, Science School, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran
Department of Anatomy, Research Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
Objective(s)
Varicocele is associated with impaired testicular function and male infertility, but the molecular mechanisms by which fertility is affected have not been satisfactorily explained. The aim of our study was to investigate whether or not the polymerase gamma (POLG) polymorphism is associated with Iranian varicocele patients.
Materials and Methods
We determined the POLG CAG repeat length in DNA samples extracted from 40 varicocele patients and 30 control subjects by PCR-denature polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and sequencing.
Results
The distribution of the CAG repeat length in varicocele patients showed no notable difference from that in control subjects, but we found a significant statistical inverse correlation between 10/10 and 10/#10 genotypes and varicocele grade.
Conclusion
These findings indicate that POLG CAG repeats may affects the varicocele grade, but the mechanisms remain to be elucidated.
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_4845_bd44314788ec30844fa69e40242674b6.pdf
CAG repeats length
Infertility
Mitochondria
POLG gene
Varicocele
eng
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
2008-3866
2008-3874
2012-03-01
15
2
745
751
10.22038/ijbms.2012.4846
4846
Evaluation of the Effect of the 47 kDa Protein Isolated from Aged Garlic Extract on Dendritic Cells
Hasan Namdar Ahmadabad
namdar.h@modares.ac.ir
1
Mohammad Hassan Zuhair
hasan_zm@modares.ac.ir
2
Elahe Safari
3
Mahmood Bozorgmehr
4
Seyed Mohammad Moazzeni
moazzeni@modares.ac.ir
5
Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
Objective(s)
Garlic (Allium sativum) is known as a potent spice and a medicine with broad therapeutic properties ranging from antibacterial to anticancer, and anticoagulant. One of the major purified garlic protein components is the 47 kDa protein. In this study, the effect of 47 kDa protein extracted from aged garlic (AGE) was evaluated on mouse dendritic cell (DC) maturation in vitro.
Materials and Methods
Forty seven kDa protein was purified from AGE by ammonium sulfate precipitation and gel filtration. SDS-PAGE was used to determine the molecular weight and purity of the isolated protein. DCs were purified from spleen of BALB/c mice by Nycodenz centrifugation and their adhesiveness to the plastic dish. The 47 kDa protein isolated from AGE was added to DCs medium during the overnight culture and the expression of DC surface markers was assessed via flowcytometry.
Results
The 47 kDa protein-treated DCs lowered the expression of DC maturation markers including: CD40, CD86 and MHC-II in comparison with non-treated DCs; (median of 41% versus 47%, 84% versus 91% and 83% versus 90%, respectively) but we observed no statistical difference between the two groups.
Conclusion
Upon treatment with DCs with 47 kDa protein, DCs down regulated the expression of costimulatory and MHC-II surface molecules, which is similar to tolerogenic DC phenotype. According to the results of the present study, we found that 47 kDa protein purified from AGE can be considered as a potential candidate to generate tolerogenic DCs in vitro.
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_4846_aab423062820655c52a7935f51555478.pdf
Dendritic cells
Garlic extract
Maturation Markers
eng
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
2008-3866
2008-3874
2012-03-01
15
2
752
758
10.22038/ijbms.2012.4847
4847
Effect of Erythropoietin on Serum Brain-derived Biomarkers after Carbon Monoxide Poisoning in Rats
Shabnam Shahsavand
1
Amir Hooshang Mohammadpour
mohamadpoorah@mums.ac.ir
2
Ramin Rezaee
rezaeer871@mums.ac.ir
3
Effat Behravan
4
Ramin Sakhtianchi
5
Seyed Adel Moallem
moallem@mums.ac.ir
6
Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Objective(s)
Erythropoietin has been shown to exert neuroprotective effects in a variety of CNS injury models. Elevation of serum S100β, as a glial damage marker and myelin basic protein (MBP) has been reported to occur in acute carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of erythropoietin (EPO) on serum S100β and MBP levels after CO poisoning in rats.
Materials and Methods
Rats were poisoned with a mixture of 3000 PPM CO in air for 65 min. After exposure, half of the rats received 5000 u/kg EPO and the rest received normal saline. At 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72, 144, and 336 hr after exposure samples were taken. Additionally, EPO was administered at three lower doses (625, 1250 and 2500 u/kg). The serum S100β and MBP levels were measured using immunoenzymatic colorimetric assay. Hemoglobin level was alsomeasured.
Results
Serum S100β levels in CO poisoned rats were significantly higher compared to the control group [6 hr (P< 0.01), 12 hr (P< 0. 001), 24 hr (P< 0.001), 48 hr (P< 0.008) and 72 hr (P< 0.008)]. EPO administration could significantly prevent serum S100β elevations after 12 hr (P< 0.008) and 24 hr (P< 0.008) of CO poisoning. Serum MBP levels in CO poisoned rats were not significantly increased in comparison with the control group (P> 0.05). EPO significantly increased the hemoglobin levels.
Conclusion
EPO could partially prevent neuronal damage. More studies are required to elucidate other aspects of these effects.
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_4847_8d68e5127bb2a355e4963b33dbbb12f7.pdf
Carbon monoxide Poisoning
Erythropoietin
Myelin basic protein
S100β
Rat
eng
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
2008-3866
2008-3874
2012-03-01
15
2
759
767
10.22038/ijbms.2012.4848
4848
Sonodynamic Therapy Using Protoporphyrin IX Conjugated to Gold Nanoparticles: An In Vivo Study on a Colon Tumor Model
Ahmad Shanei
shanei@med.mui.ac.ir
1
Ameneh Sazgarnia
sazgarniaa@mums.ac.ir
2
Naser Tayyebi Meibodi
3
Hossein Eshghi
heshghi@ferdowsi.um.ac.ir
4
Mohammad Hassanzadeh-Khayyat
5
Habibollah Esmaily
6
Neda Attaran Kakhki
7
Department of Medical Physics and Medical Engineering, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
Research Centre and Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Skin Research Centre and Department of Pathology, Emam Reza Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
Pharmaceutical Research Centre, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Vakilabad Blvd., School of Pharmacy, Mashhad, Iran
Department of Community Medicine &Public Health, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
Objective(s)
Sonodynamic therapy is a physical treatment which utilizes ultrasound waves with an appropriate sensitizer such as protoporphyrin IX (PpIX). The activation of sensitizer depends on cavitation, and therefore, high intensity ultrasound is an important necessity. Beside, high intensity ultrasound can induce side effects on the healthy tissues which have surrounded tumor. The particles in a liquid decrease the ultrasonic intensity threshold needed for onset of cavitation. The non-radiative relaxation time of PpIX in the presence of gold nanoparticles (GNP) is longer than the similar time without GNP.
Materials and Methods
This study was conducted on colon carcinoma tumor in BALB/c mice. The tumors were induced by subcutaneous injection of CT26 cells. Ultrasound irradiation were performed on tumors 24 hr after the injection of PpIX into GNPs. Antitumor effects were estimated by measuring tumor relative volume, doubling time and time being five times of the tumors and by calculating the average survival time of tumor-bearing mice after treatment.
Results
There is no inhibitory effect in control group. Ultrasound irradiation alone showed a slight antitumor effect which was enhanced by ultrasound plus PpIX (SDT). The synergistic inhibitory effect was significant when ultrasound plus PpIX was conjugated to GNPs.
Conclusion
Our experiments suggested a significant synergistic effect of ultrasound combined with Au-PpIX that reduced tumor relative volume and increased average animal survival fraction. This effect was obviously stronger than ultrasound alone and synergistic effect of ultrasound combined with PpIX.
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_4848_7d7d6c6646bf4321f9c2d1d0b31af58c.pdf
Acoustic
Cavitation
Nanoparticle
Protoporphyrin IX
Ultrasound
eng
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
2008-3866
2008-3874
2012-03-01
15
2
768
776
10.22038/ijbms.2012.4851
4851
Possible Modulation of the Anexiogenic Effects of Vitex Agnus-castus by the Serotonergic System
Parichehr Yaghmaei
1
Shahrbanoo Oryan
sh_oryan@yahoo.com
2
Laleh Fatehi Gharehlar
3
Ali-Akbar Salari
4
Jalal Solati
solati@kiau.ac.ir
5
Department of Animal Biology, Science and Research Campus, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
Tarbiat Moalem University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
Department of Animal Biology, Science and Research Campus, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
Department of Biology, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
Department of Biology, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran
Objective(s)
There is well documented evidence for the increase in widespread use of complementary and alternative medicine in the treatment of physical and psychiatric symptoms and disorders within the populations. In the present study, we investigated the influence of Vitex agnus-castus (vitex) on anxiety-like behaviors of rats.
Materials and Methods
Elevated plus maze which is one of the methods used for testing anxiety is used in our present study. Rats were orally administrated with vitex for two week. The anxiety test was carried out after two weeks of oral administration of vitex. For evaluating interaction of vitex and serotonergic systems, rats were anaesthetized with ketamine and special cannulas were inserted stereotaxically into the third ventricle (TV) of brain. After 1 week recovery, the effects of serotonegic agents on anxiety were studied.
Results
Oral administration of vitex (100, 200, 300 mg/kg) for two weeks induced an anxiogenic-like effect which was shown through specific decreases in the percentages of open arm time (OAT %) and open arm entries (OAE %). Intra-TV infusion of 5HT1A receptor agonist, 8-OH-DPAT (5, 10 and 25 ng/rat) increased OAT% and OAE%, indicating anxiolytic–like behavior. However, injection of 5HT1A receptor antagonist NAN190 (0.25, 0.5 and 1 µg/rat) produced anxiogenic-like behavior. The most effective dose of 8-OH-DPAT (10 ng/rat), when co-administered with vitex (100, 200, 300 mg/kg), attenuated the anxiogenic-like effects of vitex significantly. Injection of the less effective dose of NAN190 (0.5 µg/rat), in combination with vitex (100, 200, 300 mg/kg), potentiate anxiogenic effects of vitex.
Conclusions
These results illustrate that 5HT1A receptor is involved in the anxiogenic effects of vitex.
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_4851_0d7d6745448108fdccdac87b93f18a91.pdf
Anxiety
Rat
Serotonergic system
Vitex agnus-castus
eng
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
2008-3866
2008-3874
2012-03-01
15
2
777
782
10.22038/ijbms.2012.4852
4852
Procalcitonin: A Reliable Marker for the Diagnosis of Neonatal Sepsis
Minoo Adib
adib@med.mui.ac.ir
1
Zahra Bakhshiani
2
Fakhri Navaei
3
Fereshteh Saheb Fosoul
4
Salomeh Fouladi
5
Hamidreza Kazemzadeh
6
Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
Department of Immunology, Fatema-Zahra Hospital, Isfahan of Social Security Organization (Treatment management), Isfahan, Iran
Department of Pediatric, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
Immunology Laboratory, Alzahra Hospital, Isfahan, Iran
Objective(s)
In the last few years, serum procalcitonin has been proposed as an early marker of infections in neonates, with varying results. In this study, we aimed to investigate the value of procalcitonin, and C- reactive protein in establishing the diagnosis of neonatal sepsis.
Materials and Methods
Blood samples were collected at admission from 69 neonates with suspected infection (admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Units at Alzahra and Dr Beheshti Hospital in Isfahan and Fatema-Zahra in Najafabad from May 2005 to April 2006). Patients were categorized in different groups according to clinical symptoms of sepsis, bacteriological and laboratory results. Group I consisted of 20 newborns with positive blood cultures and other biological tests which suggested infection. Group II consisted of 49 neonates with negative blood cultures but had two or three of clinical signs of sepsis. The control group included 18 healthy neonates with physiological hyperbilirubinemia and no clinical and biological data of infection, referred to the hospital for bilirubin determination. Procalcitonin and C-reactive protein (CRP) were determined by immunoluminometric assay and nephlometry method respectively.
Results
Mean levels of procalcitonin and CRP in septic neonates (group I) were significantly higher than the other two groups (P< 0.005). Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value were determined for all markers and compared with each other.
Conclusion
We conclude that procalcitonin is a better marker than CRP in the diagnosis of neonatal sepsis.
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_4852_359916007ab62f657e8c87083143cefa.pdf
C-reactive protein
Neonatal sepsis
Procalcitonin
eng
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
2008-3866
2008-3874
2012-03-01
15
2
783
786
10.22038/ijbms.2012.4853
4853
Identification and Characterization of a High Vancomycin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Harboring VanA Gene Cluster Isolated from Diabetic Foot Ulcer
Anahita Dezfulian
1
Mohammad Mehdi Aslani
mmaslani@yahoo.com
2
Mahvash Oskoui
3
Parisa Farrokh
4
Masumeh Azimirad
5
Hossein Dabiri
dabirihossein@gmail.com
6
1Mohammad Taghi Salehian
7
1Mohammad Reza Zali
8
Research Centre of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases (RCGLD) in Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
Department of Microbiology, Institute Pasteur of Iran, Tehran, Iran
Department of Microbiology, Institute Pasteur of Iran, Tehran, Iran
Department of Microbiology, Institute Pasteur of Iran, Tehran, Iran
Research Centre of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases (RCGLD) in Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
Research Centre of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases (RCGLD) in Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
Research Centre of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases (RCGLD) in Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
Research Centre of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases (RCGLD) in Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
Objective(s)
Staphylococcus aureus is a common cause of human infection, and emergence of vancomycin-resistance S. aureus is a great concern for treatment of methicillin-resistant S. aureus,(MRSA) in recent years (MRSA). Here, we report the isolation of high-level VRSA.
Materials and Methods
S. aureus was isolated from foot ulcer of a diabetic woman in Tehran, Iran. Antibiotic susceptibility was determined according to CLSI guidelines. VanA gene cluster PCR was carried out and PCR amplicon of vanA was sequenced.
Results
S. aureus had high-level vancomycin-resistant (MIC 512 ≥ µg/ml). Patient's history revealed that VRSA isolate was acquired through community transmission. Only vanA, vanR and vanS genes were amplified in our isolate. Sequencing revealed that the vanA sequence had high similarity to the vanA sequence of Tn1546.
Conclusion
Although VRSA infection continues to be rare, isolation of community–acquired VRSA is a significant issue and it needs the efforts of public health authorities.
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_4853_ff95bd9e4411d42fd3a3b232f76d7f6f.pdf
Community-Acquired Infections
MRSA
Vancomycin Resistance
eng
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
2008-3866
2008-3874
2012-03-01
15
2
787
791
10.22038/ijbms.2012.4854
4854
Inhibitory Activity of Eleven Artemisia Species from Iran against Leishmania Major Parasites
Seyed Ahmad Emami
emamia@sums.ac.ir
1
Shahrzad Zamanai Taghizadeh Rabe
2
Ali Ahi
3
Mahmoud Mahmoudi
mahmoudim@mums.ac.ir
4
Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Immunology Research Centre, BuAli Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Immunology Research Centre, BuAli Research Institute, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Objective(s)
Annual incidence of cutaneous leishmaniasis is increasingly growing and development of the alternative drugs against it is a major concern. Artemisia genus is a traditional medicinal plant in Iran. The aim of this study was to examine the leishmanicidal activity of various Iranian Artemisia species extracts.
Materials and Methods
Different extracts were gathered from eleven Iranian Artemisia species. Their leishmanicidal activities against the growth of Leishmania major (L. major)promastigotes were examined as the half maximal inhibitory concentration(IC50) using MTT assay.
Results
Obtained results showed that ethanol extracts especially those taken from A. ciniformis, A. santolina and A. kulbadica have the strongest effects.
Conclusion
Looking for the effective leishmanicidal agents from natural resources in Iran, we found that the ethanol extract of collected Artemisia species had significant effect on in vitro leishmanicidal activity and may be suitable candidates in the treatment of leishmaniasis.
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_4854_23fade47cc4e1c084badb8952d475cc9.pdf
Artemisia
Leishmanicidal activity
Leishmania major
MTT Assay
Promastigote