eng
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
2008-3866
2008-3874
2009-01-01
12
1
1
8
10.22038/ijbms.2009.5125
5125
Review of the Pharmacological and Toxicological Effects of Salvia leriifolia
Hossein Hosseinzadeh
hhosseinzadeh@mums.ac.ir
1
Hamid Reza Sadeghnia
sadeghniahr@mums.ac.ir
2
Mohsen Imenshahidi
3
Bibi Sedigheh Fazly Bazzaz
fazlis@mums. ac. ir
4
Department of Pharmacodynamy and Toxicology, Pharmaceutical Research Center and School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Department of Pharmacodynamy and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Biotechnology Research Center and School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Salvia leriifolia Benth. (vernacular names such as Nuruozak and Jobleh) is a perennial herbaceous plant that grows exclusively in south and tropical regions of Khorasan and Semnan provinces, I. R. Iran. Unlike other species of Salvia genus, the chemical constituents of S. leriifolia are not well recognized. The stem oil of the plant consisted mainly both monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes, while in leaf and flower oils monoterpenes predominated over sesquiterpenes. In recent years, the different properties of this plant such as the attenuation of morphine dependence, hypoglycemic, antinociceptive and antiinflammatory, antioxidant, antiischemia, anticonvulsant, antiulcer effects, antibacterial activities and antimutagenic effects were evaluated. These effects introduce this plant for more toxicological and clinical trials evaluations as a herbal medicine.
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_5125_fdd1c262642c8cabbf56fc8205cdee81.pdf
Salvia leriifolia
Nuruozak, Lamiaceae, Herbal medicine
eng
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
2008-3866
2008-3874
2009-01-01
12
1
9
17
10.22038/ijbms.2009.5126
5126
Vitamin E Derivative Alpha-Tocotrienol Failed to Show Neuroprotective Effects after Embolic Stroke in Rats
Mohammad Allahtavakoli
m_alahtavakoli@rums.ac.ir
1
Aliasghar Pourshanazari
aapoursha@yahoo.com
2
Behnam Heshmatian
bheshmatian@gmail.com
3
Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, West Azarbaeejan University of Medical Sciences, Oroomiah, Iran
Objective(s)
Previous studies have demonstrated that pretreatment with alpha-tocotrienol (a-TCT) can reduce ischemic damage in mice following middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion. It is also reported to decrease stroke- dependent brain tissue damage in 12-Lox-deficient mice and spontaneously hypertensive rats. In the present study, the neuroprotective effects of a-TCT and rosiglitazone (RGZ) at 3 hr after cerebral ischemia were investigated.
Materials and Methods
Stroke was induced by embolizing a preformed clot into the MCA. Rats were assigned to vehicle, a-TCT (1 or 10 mg/kg), RGZ and sham-operation.
Results
Compared to the control group, only RGZ decreased infarct volume (P<0.05), neurological deficits (P<0.05) and sensory impairments (P<0.01) but low and high doses of a-TCT did not show any significant neuroprotective effect.
Conclusion
Our data showed that a-TCT was not neuroprotective at 3 hr after the embolic model of stroke. Further studies should be undertaken to clarify the neuroprotective effects of a-TCT after stroke.
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_5126_7008790dc1b24cdcf149d6b2c4060a0f.pdf
Alpha-tocotrienol
Cerebral ischemia
Embolic model
Neuroprotection
Vitamin E
eng
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
2008-3866
2008-3874
2009-01-01
12
1
18
24
10.22038/ijbms.2009.5129
5129
Construction of a New Fusion Protein Vector Associated to Fibronectin Binding Protein A and Clumping Factor A Derived from Staphylococcus aureus NCTC8325
Jamshid Faghri
faghri@med.mui.ac.ir
1
Kamran Pooshang Bagheri
k_bagheri@pasteur.ac.ir
2
Delavar Shahbaz Zadeh
3
Rahmatolah Yazdani
4
Hamid Mirmohammad Sadeghi
5
Sharareh Moghim
6
Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
Department of Biotechnology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
Objective(s)
Staphylococcus aureus is a leading cause of many nosocomial and community acquired infections. According to many reports, antibiotic therapy can not guarantee the eradication of S. aureus infections. Thus designing an adhesin based vaccine could restrain the S. aureus infections. This study designed for construction of a new fusion protein vaccine against S. aureus infections based on adhesin molecules fibronectin binding protein A (FnBPA) and clumping factor A (ClfA).
Materials and Methods
Bioinformatic experiments were performed using Oligo analyzer and DNAMAN softwares. The fragments corresponding to fnbA binding domain and a C-terminal fragment from clfA were amplified from S. aureus NCTC8325 genomic DNA. Purified PCR products and the vector, pET15b, were digested with Nco\ and BamHI. The digested PCR products were hybridized together and then ligated to digested vector. Finally incomplete construct was assembled by Taq DNA polymerase. To quick confirmation of cloning procedure the new construct designated pfnbA-clfA was digested with Ncol and BamHI. To further verification, the product was sent for sequencing.
Results
The data based on bioinformatic analysis showed no homology between fusion protein and human proteins. Digestion of new vector with Ncol and BamHI confirmed the ligation of fusion protein sequence into pET15b. Sequencing results verified the integrity of target sequences.
Conclusion
This study is the first effort to construct a new fusion protein vector based on S. aureus adhesins using a new design. This project is being continued to study the expression and biological activity of the fusion protein in a cell culture model.
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_5129_1e4775ec20c9af6cccd2259e85911da9.pdf
Cell adhesion molecules
Fusion protein vaccine
Staphylococcus aureus
eng
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
2008-3866
2008-3874
2009-01-01
12
1
25
32
10.22038/ijbms.2009.5131
5131
A Sensitive Liquid Chromatographic Method for the Analysis of Clarithromycin with Pre-Column Derivatization: Application to a Bioequivalence Study
Amir Farshchi
farshchi_a@razi.tums.ac.ir
1
Golbarg Ghiasi
golbarg_gh_82@yahoo.com
2
Gholamreza Bahrami
3
School of Pharmacy, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
School of Pharmacy, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
School of Pharmacy, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
Objective(s)
A sensitive liquid chromatographic method for the analysis of clarithromycin- a macrolide antibiotic- in human serum, using pre-column derivatization with 9-fluorenylmethyl chloroformate (FMOC-Cl) is described.
Materials and Methods
The method involved liquid-liquid extraction of the drug and an internal standard (amantadine) followed by pre-column derivatization of the analytes with FMOC-Cl. A mixture of 0.05 M phosphate buffer containing triethylamine (2 ml/l; pH 3.8) and methanol (17:83, v/v) was used as mobile phase and chromatographic separation was achieved on a Shimpack CLC-ODS column. The eluate was monitored by a fluorescence detector with respective excitation and emission wavelengths of 265 and 315 nm.
Results
The analytical method was linear over the concentration range of 0.025-10 pg/ml of clarithromycin in human serum with a limit of quantification of 0.025 pg/ml. The assay is sensitive enough to measure drug levels obtained in human single dose studies.
Conclusion
In the present method, sensitivity and the running time of analysis have been improved and successfully applied in a bioequivalence study of three different clarithromycin preparations in 12 healthy volunteers.
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_5131_2f79dc2e6978b1abc3cd742c573e0097.pdf
Bioequivalence
Clarithromycin
High-performance liquid chromatography
Macrolide antibiotics
eng
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
2008-3866
2008-3874
2009-01-01
12
1
33
42
10.22038/ijbms.2009.5133
5133
Development and Validation of a HPLC Method for Determination of Pefloxacin in Tablet and Human Plasma
Shahnaz Gauhar
shahnaz_gauhar@yahoo.com
1
Syed Ayub Ali
2
Harris Shoaib
3
Syed Baqir Shyum Naqvi
4
Iyad Naeem Muhammad
5
Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
Objective(s)
Developing and validating a simple, efficient, reproducible and economic reversed phase high performance liquid chromatographic (RP-HPLC) method for the quantitative determination of pefloxacin in bulk material, tablets and in human plasma.
Materials and Methods
A shim-pack CLC-ODS column and a mobile phase constituting acetonitrile: 0.025 M phosphoric acid solution (13:87 v/v, pH 2.9 adjusted with KOH) were used. The flow rate was 1 ml/min and the analyses performed using ultraviolet (UV) detector at a wavelength of 275 nm using acetaminophen as an internal standard.
Results
The developed method showed good resolution between pefloxacin and acetaminophen. It was selective to pefloxacin and able to resolve the drug peak from internal standard and from formulation excipients. The percentage of coefficient variation (CV) of the retention times and peak areas of pefloxacin from the six consecutive injections were 0.566% and 0.989%, respectively. The results showed that the peak area responses are linear within the concentration range of 0.125 qg/ml-12 qg/ml (R2= 0.9987). The limits of detection (LOD) and limits of quantitation (LOQ) for pefloxacin were 0.03125 qg/ml and 0.125 qg/ml. The intra-day and inter-day variation, RSD were 0.376-0.9056 and 0.739-0.853 respectively; also, inter-day variation with relative standard deviation (RSD) were 0.1465-0.821 in plasma. The accuracy results of 70%, 100%, and 130% drugs were 100.72%, 100.34%, and 100.09%, respectively.
Conclusion
The method is linear, quantitative, reproducible and could be used as a more convenient, efficient and economical method for the trace analysis of drug in biological fluids, in raw material and tablets.
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_5133_d0c1b8182a2a9a12246c0b6c89b37a7b.pdf
Antibiotics
fluoroquinolone
High Performance Liquid Chromatography
Pefloxacin
Quantitative analysis
Validation studies
eng
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
2008-3866
2008-3874
2009-01-01
12
1
43
50
10.22038/ijbms.2009.5134
5134
Effect of Celecoxib on the Peripheral NO Production
Parichehr Hassanzadeh
email: pari_has@yahoo.com
1
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Objective(s)
Celecoxib acts through both COX-2-dependent and -independent pathways. According to the paradoxical effect of NO on the inflammatory and nociceptive signal processing, the present study designed to evaluate the probable contribution of NO in the analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties of celecoxib.
Materials and Methods
Different intensities of inflammatory pain were induced by acute and chronic sc administration of 1%, 2.5%, or 5% formalin and spectrophotometrical analysis of the serum nitrite was performed. Then, in the pretreatment process, the effect of celecoxib (10, 20, or 40 mg/kg/ip) was evaluated on the inflammatory pain induced-nitrite. Also, the effect of celecoxib alone (under non-inflammatory condition) was evaluated on the peripheral NO production and the results compared with that of the vehicle.
Results
Formalin-induced inflammatory pain led to an enhancement of the serum nitrite in intensity- and time- dependent manners. Celecoxib (40 mg/kg/ip), except its ineffectiveness on the nitrite level, induced 1.5 hr after 5% formalin, reduced production of formalin-induced nitrite in other cases. Meanwhile, under noninflammatory condition, 1.5 hr after the administration of celecoxib (40 mg/kg/ip), a considerable elevation of nitrite was observed. Celecoxib 10 or 20 mg/kg/ip did not show a significant effect on either inhibition or stimulation of the peripheral NO.
Conclusion
NO is involved both in the inflammatory and non-inflammatory conditions. It seems that celecoxib exerts a dual effect on the peripheral NO production; it prevents overproduction of NO due to the induction of inflammatory pain, while, it stimulates NO synthesis at the early stage of its action.
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_5134_ebb0426f3b08932fb6940422480d92e8.pdf
Celecoxib
Formalin
Inflammatory pain
Nitric oxide
eng
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
2008-3866
2008-3874
2009-01-01
12
1
51
60
10.22038/ijbms.2009.5136
5136
Does Heart Affect Peripheral Vascular Resistance Following Myocardial Ischemia and Reperfusion?
Hamid Reza Kazerani
kazrani@yahoo.co.uk
1
Seyyed Yousof Mousavi
2
Department of Physiology, The School of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University, Mashhad, Iran
Department of Physiology, Biology Group, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
Objective(s)
The aim of this study was to investigate the overall effect of cardiac vasoactive factors during coronary occlusion and reperfusion on peripheral vascular tone, using a sequential isolated rabbit heart-ear perfusion model.
Materials and Methods
Isolated ears were perfused with the effluent of isolated hearts subjected to ischemia (30 min) and reperfusion (180 min, n=6). The comparator groups consisted of a sham operated group (no ischemia, n=5) and the ears that were directly perfused with modified Krebs (n=10). At the end of previous experiment, the perfusion mode of the sequentially perfused ears was converted to non-sequential perfusion with modified Krebs for 10 min and vice versa. In a separate experiment, samples collected from heart effluent during different stages of the first experiment were perfused to isolate stabilized ears (3 min; n=5) or hearts (1 min; n=5). The possible effects of the samples on the tone of isolated femoral artery rings were also studied using an organ bath (n=5).
Results
Coronary occlusion and reperfusion did not exert significant effects on the heart rate or the perfusion pressure of the sequentially perfused ears. The samples collected during different stages of ischemia and reperfusion did not affect the vascular tone in isolated ears or femoral artery rings either.
Conclusion
The current study suggests that isolated heart, even following ischemia and reperfusion, does not release vasoactive substances in concentrations sufficient enough to affect peripheral resistance.
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_5136_4cce430300171fd9f354a5656d1a0126.pdf
Isolated heart
Myocardial ischemic reperfusion injury
Vasoactive substances
eng
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
2008-3866
2008-3874
2009-01-01
12
1
61
66
10.22038/ijbms.2009.5137
5137
A Comparison Study of the Effects of Echinacea purpurea Ethanolic Extract and Mesna on Cyclophosphamide-Induced Macroscopic Fetal Defects in Rats
Hossein Najafzadeh Varzi
najafzadeh@scu.ac.ir
1
Mahmood Khaksari Mahabadi
2
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University, Ahwaz, Iran
Basic Sciences Group, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University, Ahwaz, Iran
Objective(s)
There are some reports that the teratogenic effects of cyclophosphamide (CPA) can be prevented by application of antioxidant drugs and stimulation of the maternal immune system. Echinacea purpurea extract is antioxidative and immunomodulator drug. Mesna (Sodium 2-mercaptoethane sulfonate) is used for decreasing side effects of CPA, especially hemorrhagic cystitis. In this study, we compared the prophylactic effects of mesna and Echinacea extract on teratogenic effects of CPA.
Materials and Methods
This study was performed on 32 pregnant rats that were divided into 4 groups. The first group (control group) received normal saline and the other groups received CPA (15 mg/kg intraperitoneally) on 13th day of gestation. Mesna and E. purpurea extracts were administrated at doses of 100 and 400 mg/kg by IP injection, respectively, along with it and 12 hr later, after CPA injection. Rats were dissected on day 20 of gestation, embryos harvested and after determination of gross malformations they were stained by Alizarin red-Alcian blue method.
Results
Cleft palate incidence was 38.46, 30.77 and 14.28% in fetuses of rats that received only CPA, CPA with mesna and CPA with Echinacea extract, respectively. In addition, skeletal anomalies incidence including limbs, vertebra, sternum, and scapula defects were decreased by Echinacea extract.
Conclusion
E. purpurea has significant effect on preventing CPA-induced malformations and better prophylactic effect than mesna on cases like CPA-induced cleft palate.
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_5137_b167656397ff72118e567c9c77b855ac.pdf
Cyclophosphamide
Echinacea
Mcroscopic Anomalies
Mesna
pregnancy
Rat