ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Traditional and Modern Uses of Natural Honey in Human Diseases: A Review
Honey is a by-product of flower nectar and the upper aero-digestive tract of the honey bee, which is concentrated through a dehydration process inside the bee hive. Honey has a very complex chemical composition that varies depending on the botanical source. It has been used both as food and medicine since ancient times. Human use of honey is traced to some 8000 years ago as depicted by Stone Age paintings. In addition to important role of natural honey in the traditional medicine, during the past few decades, it was subjected to laboratory and clinical investigations by several research groups and it has found a place in modern medicine. Honey has been reported to have an inhibitory effect on around 60 species of bacteria, some species of fungi and viruses. Antioxidant capacity of honey is important in many disease conditions and is due to a wide range of compounds including phenolics, peptides, organic acids, enzymes, and Maillard reaction products. Honey has also been used in some gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, inflammatory and neoplastic states. This review covers the composition, physico-chemical properties and the most important uses of natural honey in human diseases.
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_988_bdf33cc2c4a3335246dee5766339d346.pdf
2013-06-01
731
742
10.22038/ijbms.2013.988
Honey
Human Diseases
Traditional Medicine
Modern Medicine
Tahereh
Eteraf-Oskouei
1
1Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
AUTHOR
Moslem
Najafi
najafimoslem@yahoo.com
2
2Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Relationship of Dopamine of the Nucleus Accumbens with Intra-infralimbic Apomorphine Microinjection
Objective(s): The dopamine level of the nucleus accumbens changes during some stereotyped behaviors. To study dopamine level of the nucleus accumbens in intra infralimbic apomorphine-induced climbing, microdialysis probes were implanted into the nucleus accumbens shell of male Sprague Dawley rats weighting 275–400 g. Materials and Methods: The rats were divided into two groups (apomorphine and control) of least eleven rats in each group. Apomorphine at dose of 5 μg/0.5 μl or its vehicle was microinjected into the infralimbic in apomorphine and control groups respectively. Then, changes in dopamine levels in the nucleus accumbens shell were monitored. The concentration of dopamine was measured by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Electochemical (HPLC-ECD). Finally, the stereotyped behaviors were recorded. Results: The mean of dopamine levels for all of after microinjection period in control and drug groups were 450% and 150% respectively compared to those of before microinjection period. However, there was no significant difference between groups of apomorphine and control. In addition, the return of dopamine level to the baseline was faster in apomorphine group than the control group. Conclusion: The intra infralimbic apomorphine -induced climbing at dose of 5 μg/0.5 μl was not modulated via the increase of dopamine level in the nucleus accumbens area.
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_989_578ad7b2d19f2e6ea55f6932f7053aa0.pdf
2013-06-01
743
750
10.22038/ijbms.2013.989
Apomorphine
Dopamine
Microdialysis
The nucleus accumbens
The prefrontal cortex
Abbas
Alimoradian
ab_alimoradian@yahoo.com
1
Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
AUTHOR
Javad
Sajedianfard*
2
Department of Physiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
AUTHOR
Faegheh
Baha-aldini Beigy
3
Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; E-mail: bzarandi@hotmail.com
AUTHOR
Mohammad Reza
Panjehshahin
4
Natural & Medicinal Chemistry Research Center and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
AUTHOR
Ali Akbar
Owji
5
Department of Biochemistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
AUTHOR
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70
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Prevalence of PER and VEB Type Extended Spectrum Betalactamases among Multidrug Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Isolates in North-West of Iran
Objective(s): Drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii have emerged as a major problem in many hospitals and intensive care units. Various types of extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) are responsible for resistance to beta- lactam antibiotics in different parts of the world. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of integron class1 (INT 1) and ESBL types PER-1, PER-2 and VEB-1 among A. baumannii strains isolated from Tabriz, North-West of Iran. Material and Methods: A total of 100 A. baumannii isolates collected from different clinical samples were included in the study. Antimicrobial susceptibility profiles were determined using the Kirby Bauer disk diffusion method. Production of ESBL was investigated by testing resistance against ceftazidime, cefotaxime, ceftriaxone and verified by Double Disk Synergy Test. DNA was extracted from the isolates and the frequency of INT 1 and ESBL types PER-1, PER-2 and VEB-1 were determined by PCR using specific primers. Results: Among 100 A. baumannii isolates screened, 80 isolates were multidrug-resistant and 70 isolates were positive for ESBL production. PCR screening revealed that 74 % of the isolates contained class 1 integron, 51% were positive for PER-1 gene, 10% positive for VEB1 whereas none of the isolates were positive for PER2 type gene. Conclusion: This is the first report of ESBL types VEB and PER in A. baumannii from North West of Iran. The results of this study demonstrated high prevalence of PER-1 and VEB-1 type ESBLs among A. baumannii isolates in the study region and reminded the necessity of appropriate infection control strategy to prevent further spread of infection by these organisms.
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_990_62b06cee9baf051e8cc84e1594eec470.pdf
2013-06-01
751
755
10.22038/ijbms.2013.990
Acinetobacter baumannii
Extended spectrum betalactamases
Integron class I
Safar
Farajnia
farajnia@gmail.com
1
Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Fatemeh
Azhari
2
Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
AUTHOR
Mohammad Yousef
Alikhani
3
Microbiology Department, Hamadan University of Medical Science, Hamadan, Iran
AUTHOR
Mohammad Kazem
Hosseini
4
Istanbul University, Faculty of Sciences, Molecular Biology and Genetic, Istanbul, Turkey
AUTHOR
Amir
Peymani
5
Microbiology Department, Qazvin University of Medical Science, Qazvin, Iran
AUTHOR
Nasrolah
Sohrabi
6
Paramedical Faculty, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
AUTHOR
Murray PR, Baron EJ, Pfaller MA, Tenover FC. Yolken RH. Manual of Clinical Microbiology.7th ed.Washington,D.C: ASM Press;1999.p. 517- 525.
1
Huang LY, Chen TL, Lu PL, Tsai CA, Cho WL, Chang FY, et al. Dissemination of multidrug-resistant, class 1 integron-carrying Acinetobacter baumannii isolates in Taiwan. Clin Microbiol Infect 2008; 14:1010–1019.
2
Nowak-Zaleska A, Krawczyk B, Kotłowski R, Mikucka A, Gospodarek E. Amplification of a single-locus variable-number direct repeats with restriction fragment length polymorphism (DR-PCR/RFLP) for genetic typing of Acinetobacter baumannii strains. Pol J Microbiol 2008; 57:11-17.
3
Peleg AY, Seifert H, Paterson DL. Successful Pathogen Acinetobacter baumannii: Emergence of a10.1128/CMR.00058-07. Clin Microbiol Rev2008; 21:538.
4
Marais E, G de Jong, Ferraz V, Maloba B, Duse AG.Interhospital transfer of pan-resistant Acinetobacter strains in Johannesburg,South Africa. Am J Infect Control 2004; 32:278–281.
5
Merkier AK, Catalano M, Ramírez MS, Quiroga C, Orman B, Ratier L, et al. Polyclonal spread of blaOXA-23 and blaOXA-58 in Acinetobacter baumannii isolates from Argentina. J Infect Dev Ctries 2008; 2:235-240.
6
Coelho J, Woodford N, Afzal-Shah M, Livermore D. Occurrence of OXA-58-Like Carbapenemases in Acinetobacter spp. collected over 10 years in three continents. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2006; 50:756-758.
7
Dijkshoorn L, Nemec A, Seifert H. An increasing threat in hospitals: multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. Nat Rev Microbiol 2007; 5:939-951.
8
Bradford PA. Extended-spectrum beta-lactamases in the 21st century: characterization, epidemiology, and detection of this important resistance threat. Clin Microbiol Rev 2001; 14:933-951.
9
10. Jacoby GA, Munoz-Price LS. Mechanisms of disease the new ß-Lactamases. N Engl J Med 2005; 352:380-3891.
10
11. Gniadkowski M. Evolution and epidemiology of extended-spectrum b-lactamases (ESBLs) and ESBL-producing microorganisms. Clin Microbiol Infect 2001; 7:597–608.
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12. Bush k. New beta-lactamases in gram negative bacteria: diversity and impact on the selection of antimicrobial therapy. Clin Infect Dis 2001; 32:1085-1089.
12
13. Stürenburg E, Mack D. Extended-spectrum beta-lactamases: implications for the clinical microbiology laboratory, therapy, and infection control. J Infect 2003; 47:273-295.
13
14. Rasheed JK, Jay C, Metchock B, Berkowitz F, Weigel L, Crellin J, et al. Evolution of extended-spectrum b-lactam resistance (SHV-8) in a strain of Escherichia coli during multiple episodes of bacteremia. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1997; 41:647- 653.
14
15. Ribera A, Vila J, Fernández-Cuenca F, Martínez-Martínez L, Pascual A, Beceiro A, et al. Spanish Group for Nosocomial Infection (GEIH). Type 1 integrons in epidemiologically unrelated acinetobacter baumannii isolates collected at spanish hospitals, American Society for Microbiology. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2004; 48:364-365.
15
16. Yousefi S, Farajnia S, Nahaei MR, Akhi MT, Ghotaslou R, Soroush MH, et al. Detection of metallo-β-lactamase-encoding genes among clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in northwest of Iran. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2010; 68:322-5.
16
17. García-Garmendia JL, Carlos OL, José GM , Francisco-Javier J-J , Carmen P-P, Ana EBA, et al. Risk Factors for Acinetobacter baumannii Nosocomial Bacteremia in Critically Ill Patients :A Cohort Study.Clin Infect Dis 2001;33: 939-946.
17
18. Perez F, Hujer AM, Hujer KM, Decker BK, Rather PhN, Bonomo RA. Global challenge of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2007; 51:3471–3484.
18
19. Vahaboglu H, Oztürk R, Aygün G, Coşkunkan F, Yaman A, Kaygusuz A, et al. Wide- spread detection of PER-1-type extended-spectrum beta-lactamases among nosocomial Acinetobacter and Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates in Turkey: A nationwide multi-center study. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1997; 41:2265–2269.
19
20. Yong D, Shin JH, Kim S, Lim Y, Yum JH, Lee K, et al. High prevalence of PER-1 extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Acinetobacter spp. in Korea. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2003; 47:1749–1751.
20
21. Poirel L, Menuteau O, Agoli N, Cattoen C, Nordmann P. Outbreak of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase VEB-1-producing isolates of acinetobacter baumannii in a French Hospital. J Clin Microbiol 2003; 41:3542–3547.
21
22. Naas T, Bogaerts P, Bauraing C, Degheldre Y, Glupczynski Y, Nordmann P. Emergence of PER and VEB extended-spectrum beta-lactamases in Acinetobacter baumannii in Belgium. J Antimicrob Chemother 2006; 58:178-82.
22
23. Pasterán F, Rapoport M, Petroni A, Faccone D, Corso A, Galas M, et al. Emergence of PER-2 and VEB-1a in Acinetobacter baumannii Strains in the Americas. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2006; 50:3222-3224.
23
24. Poirel L, Corvec S, Rapoport M, Mugnier P, Petroni A, Pasteran F, et al. Identification of the novel narrow-spectrum ß-lactamase SCO-1 in Acinetobacter spp. from Argentina. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2007; 51:2179-2184.
24
25. Gombac F, Riccio ML, Rossolini GM, Lagatolla C, Tonin E, Monti-Bragadin C, et al. Molecular characterization of integrons in epidemiologically unrelated clinical isolates of acinetobacter baumannii from Italian hospitals reveals a limited diversity of gene cassette arrays.Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2002; 46:3665–3668.
25
26. Fournier PE, Richet H. The epidemiology and control of Acinetobacter baumannii in health care facilities. Clin Infect Dis 2006; 42:692-699.
26
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
miR-451 Up-regulation, Induce Erythroid Differentiation of CD133+cells Independent of Cytokine Cocktails
Objective(s): Erythropoiesis is regulated by some extrinsic and intrinsic factors as microRNAs (miRNAs). miRNAs are endogenously small non-coding regulatory RNAs which play vital roles in the variety of cellular fate, critical processes; growth, apoptosis, metabolism, survival of the cells and specially differentiation. Several miRNAs such as miR-16 and miR-451 have been shown to be correlated with erythroid differentiation. Taking into account the importance of miRNAs in cellular differentiation, the goal of the present study was to examine the role of miRNAs in hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) differentiation into the erythroid cells in the absence of growth factors and stimulatory cytokines. Materials and Methods: CD133+ stem cells were infected with lentiviruses containing miR-451/miR-16 precursor sequence, erythroid differentiation was evaluated using RT-PCR for hemoglobin chains and surface antigens, also by banzidine staining. Results: MiR-451up-regulation, but not miR-16, could induce α, β and γ-globin expression in CD133+ cells and have strong correlation with appearance of CD71 and CD235a markers in these cells. Moreover, miR-451 up-regulation increases the banzidine positive cells to ~ %40. Conclusion: Our results provide strong evidence that miR-451 up-regulation strongly induces erythroid differentiation and maturation of CD133+ stem cells. Hence, this method may provide a useful technique for the production of artificial blood RBC and be used as a new strategy for gene therapy of hemoglobinopathies, such as β-thalassemias and sickle cell anemia.
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_991_1076303710387490212667f5c4ad7ccb.pdf
2013-06-01
756
762
10.22038/ijbms.2013.991
Erythropoiesis
CD133+
microRNA
miR-451
miR-16
Fatemeh
Kouhkan
1
Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Masoud
Soleimani
soleimani.masoud@gmail.com
2
Department of Hematology, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Morteza
Daliri
3
National institute of genetic engineering and biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Majid
Mossahebi-mohammadi
4
Department of Clinical biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Shahin
Mohammadi
5
Department of Hematology, Allied Medical School, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Mehdi
Mokhtari
6
Departments of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Reyhaneh
Lahmy
7
Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
naser
Mobarra
8
Department of Clinical biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Mehrdad
Behmanesh
9
Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
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24. Bruchova H, Yoon D, Agarwal AM, Mendell J, Prchal JT. Regulated expression of micrornas in normal and polycythemia vera erythropoiesis. Exp Hematol 2007; 35:1657-1667.
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25. Bruchova-Votavova H, Yoon D, Prchal JT. Mir-451 enhances erythroid differentiation in k562 cells. Leuk Lymphoma 2010; 51:686-693.
37
26. Patrick DM, Zhang CC, Tao Y, Yao H, Qi X, Schwartz RJ, Jun-Shen Huang L ,and Olson EN.
38
Defective erythroid differentiation in mir-451 mutant ice mediated by 14-3-3zeta. Genes Dev. 2010; 24: 1614-9.
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27. Choong ML, Yang HH ,and McNiece I. Micrornaexpression profiling during human cord blood-derived cd34 cell erythropoiesis. Exp Hematol. 2007; 35: 551-564.
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28. Masaki S, Ohtsuka R, Abe Y, Muta K ,and Umemura T. Expression patterns of micrornas 155 and 451 during normal human erythropoiesis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2007; 364: 509-514.
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29. Cullen BR. Derivation and function of small interfering rnas and micrornas. Virus Res. 2004; 102: 3-9.
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30. Bushati N, and Cohen SM. Microrna functions. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol. 2007; 23: 175-205.
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31. Huang Y, Shen XJ, Zou Q, Wang SP, Tang SM ,and Zhang GZ. Biological functions of micrornas: A review. J Physiol Biochem. 2011; 67: 129-139.
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32. He L ,and Hannon GJ. Micrornas: Small rnas with a big role in gene regulation. Nat Rev Genet. 2004; 5: 522-531.
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33. Filipowicz W, Bhattacharyya SN ,and Sonenberg N. Mechanisms of post-transcriptional regulation by micrornas: Are the answers in sight? Nat Rev Genet. 2008; 9: 102-114.
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34. Nilsen TW. Mechanisms of microrna-mediated gene regulation in animal cells. Trends Genet. 2007; 23: 243-249.
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35. Yang GH, Wang F, Yu J, Wang XS, Yuan JY ,and Zhang JW. Micrornas are involved in erythroid differentiation control. J Cell Biochem. 2009; 107: 548-556.
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36. Havelange V ,and Garzon R. Micrornas: Emerging key regulators of hematopoiesis. Am J Hematol. 2010; 85: 935-942
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37. Lawrie CH. Microrna expression in erythropoiesis and erythroid disorders. Br J Haematol. 2010; 150: 144-151.
50
38. Persons DA. Gene therapy: Targeting beta-thalassaemia. Nature. 2010; 467: 277-8
51
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Comparison between Chondrogenic Markers of Differentiated Chondrocytes from Adipose Derived Stem Cells and Articular Chondrocytes In Vitro
Objective(s): Osteoarthritis is one of the most common diseases in middle-aged population in the world. Cartilage tissue engineering (TE) has been presented as an effort to introduce the best combination of cells, biomaterial scaffolds and stimulating growth factors to produce a cartilage tissue similar to the natural articular cartilage. In this study, the chondrogenic potential of adipose derived stem cells (ADSCs) was compared with natural articular chondrocytes cultured in alginate scaffold. Materials and Methods: Human ADSCs were obtained from subcutaneous adipose tissue and human articular chondrocytes from non-weight bearing areas of knee joints. Cells were seeded in 1.5% alginate and cultured in chondrogenic media for three weeks with and without TGFβ3. The genes expression of types II and X collagens was assessed by Real Time PCR and the amount of aggrecan (AGC) and type I collagen measured by ELISA and the content of glycosaminoglycan evaluated by GAG assay. Results: Our findings showed that type II collagen, GAG and AGC were expressed, in differentiated ADSCs. Meanwhile, they produced a lesser amount of types II and X collagens but more AGC, GAG and type I collagen in comparison with natural chondrocytes (NCs). Conclusion: Further attempt should be carried out to optimize achieving type II collagen in DCs, as much as, natural articular chondrocytes and decline of the production of type I collagen in order to provide efficient hyaline cartilage after chondrogenic induction, prior to the usage of harvested tissues in clinical trials.
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_992_50e463822084ea7f0bc1f249046bdb44.pdf
2013-06-01
763
771
10.22038/ijbms.2013.992
Alginate
Stem cell
Chondrocyte
TGFbeta
Mohmmad
Mardani
1
Department of Anatomical Sciences and Molecular Biology, Medical School, Esfahan University of Medical Sciences, Esfahan, Islamic Republic of Iran
AUTHOR
Batool
Hashemibeni
2
Department of Anatomical Sciences and Molecular Biology, Medical School, Esfahan University of Medical Sciences, Esfahan, Islamic Republic of Iran
AUTHOR
Malek Masoud
Ansar
3
Department of Anatomical Sciences and Molecular Biology, Medical School, Esfahan University of Medical Sciences, Esfahan, Islamic Republic of Iran
AUTHOR
Sayeed Hamid
Zarkesh Esfahani
4
Department of Immunology, Medical School, Esfahan University of Medical Sciences, Esfahan, Esfahan, Islamic Republic of Iran
AUTHOR
Mohmmad
Kazemi
5
Department of Anatomical Sciences and Molecular Biology, Medical School, Esfahan University of Medical Sciences, Esfahan, Islamic Republic of Iran
AUTHOR
Vahid
Goharian
6
Amin Hospital, Medical School, Esfahan University of Medical Sciences, Esfahan, Esfahan, Islamic Republic of Iran
AUTHOR
Nafiseh
Esmaeili
7
Department of Immunology, Medical School, Esfahan University of Medical Sciences, Esfahan, Islamic Republic of Iran
AUTHOR
Ebrahim
Esfandiary
esfandiari@med.mui.ac.ir
8
Department of Anatomical Sciences and Molecular Biology, Medical School, Esfahan University of Medical Sciences, Esfahan, Islamic Republic of Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
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62
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Homocysteine, Cobalamin and Folate Status and their Relations to Neurocognitive and Psychological Markers in Elderly in Northeastern of Iran
Objective(s): Incidence of neurocognitive and psychological disorders may be related to serum homocystein (Hcy), cobalamin (vitamin B12 ) and folate levels in old people. The aim of this study was to assess the relation between Hcy, cobalamin, folate and neurocognitive and/or psychological disorders in the elderly. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 280 subjects with ≥ 65 years old, were evaluated. The subjects were selected from 12 regions of Mashhad, Iran, over March to October 2009. After blood sampling, data were collected by questionnaire, face to face interview and performing neurocognitive and psychological tests. The sera of 250 persons were analyzed for cobalamin and folate by RIA method. Amongst the aforementioned samples, 78 cases with cobalamin Results: Amongst the people, 126 (45%) were male and 154 (55%) were female. The prevalence of hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) was 59.5% and 37.1% in male and female respectively (P -value =0.049). Hcy inversely correlated to cobalamin (r=-0.282, P=0.014) and to folate (r=-0.203, P=0.014). Hcy, cobalamin and folate correlations to neurocognitive and psychological impairments were not statically significant. Conclusion: Hyper Hcy or low cobalamin and folate in the elderly, are prevalent but their relationships with neurocognitive and psychological impairments is controversial. If these relationships had been confirmed, performing a single serum Hcy or cobalamin test would have been enough to diagnose and prevent neurocognitive impairments and inversely, neurocognitive-psychological sign and symptoms could have meant probable tissue vitamin deficiencies. However methods of assessing neurocognitive and psychological markers with validity and reliability of clinical and laboratory tests for finding aforementioned relationships should be revised.
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_993_ae6d6e5dc8d0f695243e35f7508f4a2d.pdf
2013-06-01
772
778
10.22038/ijbms.2013.993
Cobalamin
Folate
Homocystein
Psychological
Neurocognitive
The elderly
Lida
Manavifar
1
Department of Laboratory Sciences Technology, School of Paramedical Sciences, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
AUTHOR
Habibollah
Nemati Karimooy
2
Department of Neurology and Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
jamshid
Jamali
3
Department of Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
AUTHOR
Morteza
Talebi doluee
4
Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Abbas
Shirdel
shirdela@mums.ac.ir
5
Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Amireh
Nejat shokohi
6
Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Mahdie
Fatemi nayyeri
7
Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
AUTHOR
1. Snow CF. Laboratory diagnosis of vitamin B
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, folic acid and mental function in the elderly. Invest Clin 2005; 46:53-63.
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et al. Vitamin B12
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as predictors of cognitive function and decline in older high-functioning adults: MacArthur Studies of Successful Aging. Am J Med 2005; 118:161-167.
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33. Nilsson K, Gustafson L, Hultberg B. Plasma homocysteine is elevated in elderly patients with memory complaints and vascular disease. Dement Geriatr Cogn Dis 2007; 23:321-326.
59
34. Stabler SP, Lindenbaum J, Allen RH. The use of homocysteine and other metabolites in the specific diagnosis of vitamin B
60
deficiency. J Nutr 1996; 126:1266S-1272S.
61
35. Ellinson M, Thomas J, Patterson A. A critical evaluation of the relationship between serum vitamin B, folate and total homocysteine with cognitive impairment in the elderly. J Hum Nutr Diet 2004; 17:371-383.
62
36. Bailey RL, Carmel R, Green R, Pfeiffer CM, Cogswell ME, Osterloh J,
63
et al. Monitoring of vitamin B12 nutritional status in the United States by using plasma methylmalonic acid and serum vitamin B12
64
. Am J Clin Nutr 2011; 94:552-561.
65
37. Lewerin C, Matousek M, Steen G, Johansson B, Steen B, Nilsson-Ehle H. Significant correlations of plasma homocysteine and serum methylmalonic acid with movement and cognitive performance in elderly subjects but no improvement from short-term vitamin therapy: a placebo-controlled randomized study. Am J Clin Nutr 2005; 81:1155-1162.
66
38. Khorram Khorshid MR, Manoochehri M, Nasehi L, Ohadi M, Rahgozar M. Ccr2-
67
64 a C r5 Δ3 polymorphisms in patients with late-onseta zhe er’s disease;a study from Iran (Ccr2-64 C r5 Δ3 y r h s s a zhe er’s sease
68
Iran J Basic Med Sci 2012; 15:937-944
69
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Co-culture of Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells with Sertoli Cells Promote in vitro Generation of Germ Cells
Objective(s): Sertoli cells support in vivo germ cell production; but, its exact mechanism has not been well understood. The present study was designed to analyze the effect of Sertoli cells in differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) to germ cells. Materials and Methods: A fusion construct composed of a Stra8 gene promoter and the coding region of enhanced green fluorescence protein was produced to select differentiated mESCs. To analyze sertoli cells’ effect in differentiation process, mESCs were separated into two groups: the first group was cultured on gelatin with retinoic acid treatment and the second group was co-cultured with sertoli cell feeder without retinoic acid induction. Expressions of pre-meiotic (Stra8), meiotic (Dazl and Sycp3) and post-meiotic (Prm1) genes were evaluated at different differentiation stages (+7, +12 and +18 days of culture). Results: In the first group, expressions of meiotic and post-meiotic genes started 12 and 18 days after induction with retinoic acid, respectively. In the second group, 7 days after co-culturing with Sertoli cells, expression of meiotic and post-meiotic genes was observed. Conclusion: These results show that differentiation process to germ cells is supported by Sertoli cells. Our findings provide a novel effective approach for generation of germ cell in vitro and studying the interaction of germ cells with their niche.
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_994_ed4de7cc61ca48d410e51fe71a6326d6.pdf
2013-06-01
779
783
10.22038/ijbms.2013.994
Co-culture
Differentiation
Embryonic stem cell
In vitro derived germ cells
Sertoli cell
Mohammad
Miryounesi
1
Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Karim
Nayernia
2
GENEOCELL, Advanced Molecular & Cellular Technologies, Montreal, Canada
AUTHOR
Mahdi
Dianatpour
3
Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
AUTHOR
Fatemeh
Mansouri
4
Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Mohammad Hossein
Modarressi*
5
Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
New Insight into the SAR of Pyrimido [4,5-b][1,4] Benzothiazines as 15-lipoxygenase Inhibitors
Objective(s): Recently we reported that the soybean 15-lipoxygenase (SLO) inhibitory activity of pyrimido[4,5-b][l,4]benzothiazines largely depends on the orientation of sulfur atom of thiazine core towards FeIII-OH in the active site pocket of the enzyme with subsequent oxidation of sulfur to sulfoxide. In this paper the results of a comparative study on the SLO inhibitory activities of the mentioned compounds using ab initio calculations and docking analyses has been reported. Materials and Methods: Structure optimization and docking analyses were performed using HyperChem 7.5 and AutoDock Tools 4.0 respectively. Enzyme assessment was reduced using spectrophotometric MBTH-DMAB method. Results : The inhibitory activity of synthetic 2-substituted pyrimido[4,5-b][l,4]benzothiazines against soybean 15-lipoxygenase (SLO) was evaluated and structure activity relationships and binding modes of their 4-H and 4-methyl analogs were studied using docking analysis and ab initio calculations. Discussion: The results of these studies showed that the lack of 4-methyl substituent in the pyrimido[4,5-b][1,4]benzothiazine molecules greatly reduces their lipoxygenase inhibitory activities and it was also found that the HOMO energy difference between the 4-H and 4-Methyl analogs can be responsible for the observed inhibitory activity reduction. Conclusion: Our molecular modeling studies shows that by using more flexible amino acids during the docking process, more rational results can be obtained. The method of measuring the lipoxygenase activity is also of prime importance for the study of structure activity relationship.
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_995_502ede5bb774011db826c603853ac16a.pdf
2013-06-01
784
789
10.22038/ijbms.2013.995
DMAB
Docking
MBTH
Peroxide formation
SLO
Nona
Pooryaghoobi
1
1Department of Chemistry, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, IR Iran
AUTHOR
Mehdi
Bakavoli
2
Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, 917751436, IR Iran
AUTHOR
Maliheh
Alimardani
3
Student Research Committee, Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedical Sciences, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IR Iran
AUTHOR
Tahmineh
Bazzazan
4
2Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, 917751436, IR Iran
AUTHOR
Hamid
Sadeghian
5
Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 91967-73117, IR Iran
5 Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedical Sciences, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IR Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
1. Brash AR. Lipoxygenases: Occurrence, functions, catalysis, and acquisition of substrate. J Biol Chem 1999; 274:23679-23682.
1
2. Kuhn H, Thiele BJ. The diversity of the lipoxygenase family. Many sequence data but little information on biological significance. FEBS Lett 1999; 449:7-11.
2
3. Larsen JS, Acosta EP. Leukotriene-receptor antagonists and 5-lipoxygenase inhibitors in asthma. Ann Pharmacother 1993; 27:898-903.
3
4. Schewe T. 15-Lipoxygenase-1: a prooxidant enzyme. Biol Chem 2002; 383:365-374.
4
5. Kelavkar U, Glasgow W, Eling TE. The effect of 15- lipoxygenase-1 expression on cancer cells. Curr Urol Rep 2002; 3:207-214.
5
6. Kelavkar UP, Cohen C, Kamitani H, Eling TE, Badr KF. Concordant induction of 15-lipoxygenase-1 and mutant p53 expression in human prostate adenocarcinoma: correlation with Gleason staging. Carcinogenesis 2000; 21:1777-1787.
6
7. Zhu J, Kilty I, Granger H, Gamble E, Qiu YS, Hattotuwa K, et al. Gene expression and immunolocalization of 15-lipoxygenase isozymes in the
7
SAR of Pyrimidobenzothiazines as 15-LO Inhibitors
8
Samareh Fekri M et al
9
Iran J Basic Med Sci, Vol. 16, No. 6, Jun 2013
10
airway mucosa of smokers with chronic bronchitis. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2002; 27:666-677.
11
8. Zhao L, Funk CD. Lipoxygenase pathways in atherogenesis. Trends Cardiovasc Med 2004; 14:191-195.
12
9. Cyrus T, Witztum JL, Rader DJ, Tangirala R, Fazio S, Linton MF, et al. Funk CD. Distruption of the12/15- Lipoxygenase gene diminishes atherosclerosis in Apo E-deficient mice. J Clin Invest 1999; 103:1597-1604.
13
10. Harats D, Shaish A, George J, Mulkins M, Kurihara H, Levkovitz H, et al. Overexpression of 15-Lipoxygenase in vascular endothelium accelerates early atherosclerosis in LDL reseptor-deficient mice. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2002; 20:2100-2105.
14
11. Sultana C, Shen Y, Rattan V. Lipoxygenase metabolites induced expression of adhesion molecules and transendothelial migration of monocyte-like HL-60 cells is linked to protein kinase C activation. Cell Phys 1996; 167:477-487.
15
12. Setty BN, Werner MH, Annun YA, Stuart MJ. 15-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid –mediated potentiation of thrombin-induced platelet functions occurs via enhanced production of phosphoinositide-derived second messengers 1,2-diacylglycerol and inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate. Blood 1992; 80:2765-2773.
16
13. Charlier C, Michaux C. Dual inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and 5-Lipoxygenase (5-LOX) as a new start to provide safer non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Eur J Med Chem 2003; 38:645-659.
17
14. Bakavoli M, Nikpour M, Rahimizadeh M, Saberi MR, Sadeghian H. Design and synthesis of pyrimido[4,5-e][1,3,4] thiadiazine derivatives as potent 15-Lipoxygenase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2007; 15:2120-2126.
18
15. Bakavoli M, Sadeghian H, Tabatabaei Z, Rahimizadeh M, Nikpour M. SAR comparative studies on pyrimido[4,5-b][1,4]benzothiazine derivatives as 15- Lipoxygenase inhibitors using ab initio calculations. J Mol Model 2008; 14:471-476.
19
16. Jabbari A, Davoodnejad M, Alimardani M, Assadieskandar A, Sadeghian A, Safdari H, et al. Synthesis and SAR Studies of 3-Allyl-4-prenyloxyaniline Amides as Potent 15-Lipoxygenase Inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2012; 20:5518-5526.
20
17. Caballero J, Fernandez M, Coll D. Quantitative structure-activity relationship of organosulphur compounds as soybean 15-lipoxygenase inhibitors using CoMFA and CoMSIA. Chem Biol Drug Des 2010; 76:511-517.
21
18. Sadeghian H, Seyedi SM, Saberi MR, Arghiani Z. Design and synthesise of eugenol derivatives, as potent 15- Lipoxygenase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2008; 16:890-901.
22
19. Sadeghian H, Attaran N, Jafari Z, Saberi MR, Pordel M, Riazi M. Design and synthesis of 4-methoxyphenylacetic acid esters as 15-lipoxygenase inhibitors and SAR comparative studies of them. Bioorg Med Chem 2009; 17:2327-2335.
23
20. ChemDraw® Ultra, Chemical Structure Drawing Standard, Cambridge Soft Corporation, 100 Cambridge Park Drive, Cambridge, MA 02140 USA. Available at: http://www. Cambridgesoft.com
24
21. HyperChem® Release 7, Hypercube Inc. Available at: http://www.hyper.com/
25
22. Auto Dock Tools (ADT), the Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037-1000, USA. Available at:http://www.scripps.edu/pub/olson-web/doc/autodock/.
26
23. Morris GM, Goodsell DS, Halliday RS, Huey R, Hart WE, Belew RK, et al. Automated Docking using a Lamarckian Genetic Algorithm and an Empirical binding free energy function. J Comput Chem 1998; 19:1639-1662.
27
24. Sippl WJ. Receptor-based 3D QSAR analysis of estrogen receptor ligands-merging the accuracy of receptor-based alignments with the computational efficiency of ligand-based methods. J Comput Aided Mol Des 2000; 14:559-572.
28
25. Iranshahi M, Jabbari A, Orafaie A, Mehri R, Zeraatkar S, Ahmadi T, Alimardani M, Sadeghian H, Synthesis and SAR studies of mono O-prenylated coumarins as potent 15-lipoxygenase inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2012; 57:134-142.
29
26. Huey R, Morris GM. Auto Dock Tools; A Tutorial, 2006, 10550 North Torrey pines Road, CA92037-1000, USA.
30
27. http://www.accelrys.com/products/discovery-studio
31
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Pulmonary Complications of Gastric Fluid and Bile Salts Aspiration, an Experimental Study in Rat
Objective(s): Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) is one of the most common digestive disorders that frequently lead to pulmonary complications due to gastric fluid aspiration. In the present experimental study, chronic aspiration of gastric fluid, its components and bile salts in rat lung was performed to find out the main factor(s) causing pulmonary complications of gastric fluid aspiration. Materials and Methods: Forty eight male rats weighted 250-300 g were selected in six groups. After anesthesia and tracheal cannulation, the animals received 0.5 ml/kg normal saline, 0.5 ml/kg of whole gastric fluid, 0.5 ml/kg pepsin (2.5 μg/ml), 0.5 ml/kg hydrochloric acid (pH=1.5) or 0.5 ml/kg bile salts (2.5 μg/ml) by injection into their trachea and lungs. In sham group nothing was injected. Results: Parenchymal and airways inflammation and fibrosis of bronchi, bronchioles and parenchyma were significantly more in the test groups compared to saline and sham groups (P<0.001); also inflammation in pepsin and bile salts groups (histopathology scores: 2.87±0.35 and 3.0±0.0 for bronchial, 2.87±0.35 and 2.87±0.35 for bronchioles, 2.87±0.35 and 2.87±0.35 for parenchymal inflammation) were more than hydrochloric acid and gastric fluid groups (1.75±0.46 and 2.5±0.53 for bronchial, 2.0±0.0 and 2.0±0.0 for bronchioles, 2.0±0.0 and 2.0±0.0 for parenchymal inflammation) (P<0.05). The same results were found for fibrosis, so that the fibrosis in pepsin and bile salts groups were more than hydrochloric acid and gastric fluid groups (P<0.05). Conclusion : The present results suggested that pulmonary complications causing from bile salts and pepsin might be more than gastric juice and hydrochloric acid.
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_996_00a069ef309ec3c9c0fe85366584fc01.pdf
2013-06-01
790
796
10.22038/ijbms.2013.996
Bile salts
Gastric fluid
Gastroesophageal reflux
Pulmonary fibrosis
Pulmonary inflammation
Mitra
Samareh Fekri
m_samareh@kmu.ac.ir
1
Physiology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Hamid Reza
Poursalehi
2
1Physiology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
AUTHOR
Hamid
Najafipour
3
1Physiology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
AUTHOR
Shahriar
Dabiri
4
1Physiology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
AUTHOR
Mostafa
Shokoohi
5
Kerman Research Center in Modeling for Health (RCMH), Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
AUTHOR
Ali
Siahposht Khacheki
6
1Physiology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
AUTHOR
Nader
Shahrokhi
7
1Physiology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
AUTHOR
Reza
Malekpour Afshar
8
1Physiology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
AUTHOR
Mohammad Reza
Lashkarizadeh
9
1Physiology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
AUTHOR
1. Kasper DL, Braunwald E, Fauci AS, Kasper DL, Fauci AS, Longo DL, et al. Diseases of the esophagus in: Harrison's principles of internal medicine, 17th ed. New York: MC Grew-Hill Medical Publishing Division; 2008.
1
2. Richter JE. Typical and atypical presentations of gastro esophageal reflux disease. The role of esophageal testing in diagnosis and management. Gastroenterol Clin North Am 1996; 25:75-102.
2
3. Poelmans J, Tack J. Extra-oesophageal manifestations of gastro esophageal reflux. Gut 2005; 54:1492-1499.
3
4. Tobin RW, Pope CE 2nd, Pellegrini CA, Emond MJ, Sillery J, Raghu G. Increased prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux in patients with Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1998; 158:1804-1808.
4
5. Li B, Hartwig MG, Appel JZ, Bush EL, Balsara KR, Holzknecht ZE, et al. Chronic Aspiration of Gastric fluid Induces the Development of obliterative bronchiolitis in Rat lung Transplants. Am J Transplant 2008; 8:1614-1621.
5
6. Downing TE, Sporn TA, Bollinger RR, Davis RD, Parker W, Lin SS. Pulmonary histopathology in an experimental model of chronic aspiration is independent of acidity. Exp Biol Med 2008; 233:1202-1212.
6
7. Appel JZ, Lee SM, Hartwig MG, Li B, Hsieh CC, Cantu E, et al. Characterization of the innate immune response to chronic aspiration in a novel rodent model. Respir Res 2007; 8:87.
7
8. Kwan M, XU YD, Raghu G, Khalil N, Vancouver BC, Seattle WA. Acid treatment of normal rat lungs releases transforming growth factor –beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) and increases connective tissue synthesis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2007; A 967.
8
9. D'Ovidio F, Mura M, Tsang M, Waddell TK, Hutcheon MA, Singer LG, et al . Bile acid aspiration and the development of bronchiolitis obliterans after lung Transplantation. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2005; 129:1144-1152.
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10. Harding SM. Gastroesophageal reflux: a potential asthma trigger. Immunol Allergy Clin North Am 2005 ; 25:131-148.
10
11. Carpagnano GE, Resta O, Ventura MT, Amoruso AC, Di Gioia G, Giliberti T, et al. Airway inflammation in subjects with gastro-oesophageal reflux and gastro-oesophageal reflux-related asthma. J Intern Med 2006; 259:323-331.
11
12. Terada K, Muro S, Ohara T, Kudo M, Ogawa E, Hoshino Y, et al.. Abnormal swallowing reflex and COPD exacerbations. Chest 2010; 137:326-332.
12
Samareh Fekri M et al Pulmonary Complications of Gastric Fluid Aspiration
13
Iran J Basic Med Sci, Vol. 16, No. 6, Jun 2013
14
13. Blondeau K, Mertens V, Vanaudenaerde BA, Verleden GM, Van Raemdonck DE, Sifrim D, et al. Gastro-oesophageal reflux and gastric aspiration in lung transplant patients with or without chronic rejection. Eur Respir J 2008; 31:707-713.
15
14. Oelberg DG, Downey SA, Flynn MM. Bile salt induced intracellular Ca++ accumulation in type II pneumocytes. Lung 1990; 168:297-308.
16
15. Hartwig MG, Appel JZ, Li B, Hsieh CC, Yoon YH, Lin SS, et al. Chronic aspiration of gastric fluid accelerates pulmonary allograft dysfunction in a rat model of lung transplantation. J Thoracic Cardiovasc Surg 2006; 131:209-217.
17
16. Sur S, Wild JS, Choudhury BK, Sur N, Alam R, Klinman DM. Long term prevention of allergic lung inflammation in a mouse model of asthma by CpG Oligodeoxynucleotides. J Immunol. 1999; 162:6284-6293.
18
17. Kwak YG, Song CH, Yi HK, Hwang PH, Kim JS, Lee KS, et al. Involvement of PTEN in airway hyper responsiveness and inflammation in bronchial asthma. J Clin Invest 2003; 111:1083-1092.
19
18. Cho KJ, Seo JM, Shin Y, Yoo MH, Park CS, Lee SH, et -al. Blockade of airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness by inhibition of BLT2, a low-affinity leukotriene B4 receptor. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2010; 42:294-303.
20
19. Ashcroft T, Simpson JM and Timbrell V. Simple method of estimating severity of pulmonary fibrosis on a numerical scale. J Clin Pathol 1988 ; 41:467–470.
21
20. Lee JS, Collard HC, Raghu G, Sweet MP, Hays SR, Campos GM, et al. Dose chronic microaspiration cause idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis? Am J Med 2010; 123:304–311.
22
21. Hoyoux C, Forget P, Lambrechts L, Geubelle F. Chronic broncho pulmonary disease and gastroesophageal reflux in children. Pediatr Pulmonol 1985; 1:149-153.
23
22. King BJ, Iyer H, Leidi AA, Carby MR. Gastroesophageal reflux in bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome: a new perspective. J Heart Lung Transplant 2009; 28:870-875.
24
23. Perng DW, Chang KT, Su KC, Wu YC, Wu MT, Hsu WH,, et al. Exposure of airway epithelium to bile acids associated with gastroesophageal reflux symptoms: a relation to transforming growth factor-beta1 production and fibroblast proliferation.. Chest 2007; 132:1548-1556.
25
24. DiGiovine B, Lynch JP 3rd, Martinez FJ, Flint A, Whyte RI, Iannettoni MD, et al. Bronchoalveolar lavage neutrophilia is associated with obliterative bronchiolitis after lung transplantation. Role of IL- 8. J Immunol 1996;157:4194-4202.
26
25. Oue K, Mukaisho K, Higo T, Araki Y, Nishikawa M, Hattori T, et al. Histological examination of the relationship between respiratory disorders and repetitive microaspiration using a rat gastro-duodenal contents reflux model. Exp Anim 2011; 60:141-150.
27
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Detention of HPV L1 Capsid Protein and hTERC Gene in Screening of Cervical Cancer
Objective(s): To investigate the expression of human papilloma virus (HPV) L1 capsid protein, and human telomerase RNA component (hTERC) in cervical cancer and the role of detection of both genes in screening of cervical cancer. Materials and Methods: A total of 309 patients were recruited and cervical exfoliated cells were collected. Immunocytochemistry was employed to detect HPV L1 capsid protein, and fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) was performed to detect the hTERC. Results: The expression of HPV L1 capsid protein reduced with the increase of the histological grade of cervical cells and was negatively related to the grade of cervical lesions. However, the expression of hTERC increased with the increase of the histological grade and positively associated with the grade of cervical lesions. The proportion of patients with L1(-)/hTERC(+) was higher in patients with histological grade of CIN2 or higher than that in those with histological grade of CIN1. The L1(+)/hTERC(-) and L1(-)/hTERC(-) were negatively related to the grade of cervical lesions. L1(-)/hTERC(+) was positively associated with the grade of cervical lesions. The L1/hTERC ratio increased. The negative predictive value of both HPV L1 and hTERC was higher than that of HPV L1 or hTERC, but there was no marked difference in the screening efficacy of cervical cancer among HPV L1, hTERC and HPV L1+hTERC. Conclusion: HPV L1 capsid protein and hTERC gene may serve as markers for the early diagnosis and prediction of cervical lesions. The increase in L1/hTERC ratio reflects the progression of cervical lesions to a certain extent.
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_997_67624ea1b2c23cbee10bbc5ac6a5b427.pdf
2013-06-01
797
802
10.22038/ijbms.2013.997
Cervical lesion
Human papilloma virus
Human telomerase RNA component
L1 capsid protein
Squamous cell carcinomas
Huang
Bin
1
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shenzhen Hospital of Beijing University, Shenzhen 518036, China
AUTHOR
wu
Ruifang
2
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shenzhen Hospital of Beijing University, Shenzhen 518036, China
LEAD_AUTHOR
Li
Ruizhen
3
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shenzhen Hospital of Beijing University, Shenzhen 518036, China
AUTHOR
Liu
Zhihong
4
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shenzhen Hospital of Beijing University, Shenzhen 518036, China
AUTHOR
Li
Juan
5
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shenzhen Hospital of Beijing University, Shenzhen 518036, China
AUTHOR
Wang
Chun
6
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shenzhen Hospital of Beijing University, Shenzhen 518036, China
AUTHOR
Zhou
Zhou
7
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shenzhen Hospital of Beijing University, Shenzhen 518036, China
AUTHOR
Weng
Leiming
8
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shenzhen Hospital of Beijing University, Shenzhen 518036, China
AUTHOR
1. Dehn D, Torkko KC, Shroyer R. Human papillomavirus testing and molecular markers of cervical dysplasia and carcinoma. Cancer 2007; 111:1-14.
1
2. Yoshida T, Sano T, Kanuma T, Owada N, Sakurai S, Fukuda T, et al. Immunochemical analysis of HPV L1 capisid protein and p16 protein in liquid-based cytology samples from uterine cervical lesions. Cancer 2008; 114:83-88.
2
Screening Mark of Cervical Cancer Bin H et al
3
Iran J Basic Med Sci, Vol. 16, No. 6, Jun 2013
4
3. Khadem GN, Meshkat Z. Preventive and therapeutic vaccines against human papillomaviruses associated cervical cancers. Iran J Basic Med Sci 2012; 15:585-601.
5
4. Melnikow J, Nuovo J, Willan AR, Chan BK, Howell LP. Natural history of cervical quamous intraepithelial lesions: a meta-analysis. Obstet Gynecol 1998; 92:727-735.
6
5. Huh WK. Human papillomavirus infection: a concise review of natural history. Obstet Gynecol 2009; 114:139-143.
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6. Roden R, Wu TC. How will HPV vaccines affect cervical cancer? Nat Rev Cancer 2006; 6:753-763.
8
7. Rauber D, Mehlhorn G, Fasching PA, Beckmann MW, Ackermann S. Prognostic significance of the detection of the human papillomavirus L1 protein in smears of mild to moderate cervical intraepithelial lesions. Eur J Obste Gynecol Reprod Biol 2008; 140:58-262
9
8. Lee H, Lee KJ, Jung CK, Hong JH, Lee YS, Choi YJ, et al. Expression of HPV L1 capsid protein in cervical specimens with HPV infection. Diagn Cytopathol 2008; 36(12):864-867.
10
9. Arafa M, Boniver J, Delvenne P. Detection of HPV-induced cervical(pre)neoplastic lesions.A tissue microarry(TMA) study. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2008; 6:422-432.
11
10. Hilfrich R, Hariri J. Prognostic relevance of human papillomavirus L1 capsid protein detection within mild and moderate dysplastic lesions of the cervix uteri in combination with p16 biomarker. Anal Quant Cytol Histol 2008; 3:78-82.
12
11. Hopman AH, Theelen W, Hommelberg PP, Kamps MA, Herrington CS, Morrison LE, et al. Genomic intergration of oncogenic HPV and gain of the human telomerase gene TERC at 3q26 are strongly associated events in the progression of uterine cervical dysplasia to invasive cancer. J Pathol 2006; 10:412-419.
13
12. Nowak T, Januszkiewicz D, Zawada M, Pernak M, Lewandowski K, Rembowska J, et al. Amplification of hTERT and hTERC genes in leukemic cells with high expression and activity of telomerase. Oncol Rep 2006; 16:301-305.
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13. Cao Y, Bryan TM, Reddel RR. Increased copy number of the TERT and TERC telomerase subunit genes in cancer cells. Cancer Sci 2008; 99:l092-l099.
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14. Kawai K, Yaginuma Y, Tsuruoka H, Griffin M, Hayashi H, Ishikawa M. Telomerase activity and human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in human uterine cervical cancers and cervical smears. Eur J Cancer 1998; 34:2082-2086.
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15. Ferenzy A, Franco E. Persistent human papillomavirus infection and cervical neoplasia. Lancet Oncol 2002; 3:11-6.
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16. James MA, Lee JH, Klingelhutz ZM. Human papillomavirus type 16 E6 activates NF-kappaB, induces cIAP-2 expression, and protects against apoptosis in a PDZ binding motif-dependent manner. J Virol 2006; 80:5301-5307.
18
17. Ferber MJ, Montoya DP, Yu C, Aderca I, McGee A, Thorland EC. Integrations of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) and human papillomavirus (HPV) into the human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) gene in liver and cervical cancers. Oncogene 2003; 22:3813-3820.
19
18. Heselmeyer-Haddad K, Janz V, Castle PE, Chaudhri N, White N, Wilber K, et al. Detection of genomic amplification of the human telomerase gene (hTERC) in cytologic specimens as a genetic test for the diagnosis of cervical dysplasia. Am J Pathol 2003; 163:1405-16.
20
19. Caraway NP, Khanna A, Dawlett M, Guo M, Guo N, Lin E, Katz RL. Gain of the 3q26 region incervicovaginal liquid-based pap preparations is associated with squamous intraepithelial lesions and squamous cell carcinoma. Gynecol Oncol 2008; 110:37-42.
21
20. Münger K, Baldwin A, Edwards KM, Hayakawa H, Nguyen CL, Owens M, et al. Mechanisms of human papillomavirus-induced oncogenesis. J Virol 2004; 78:1145l-11460.
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22. Rao PH, Arias-Pulido H, Lu XY, Harris CP, Vargas H, Zhang FF, et al. Chromosomal amplifications, 3q gain and deletions of 2q33-q37 are the frequent genetic changes in cervical carcinoma. BMC Cancer 2004; 4:5.
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23. Wilting SM, de Wilde J, Meijer CJ, Berkhof J, Yi Y, van Wieringen WN, et al. Integrated genomic and transcriptional profiling dentifies chromosomal loci with altered gene expression in cervical cancer. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2008; 47:890-905.
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23. Sugita M, Tanaka N, Davidson S, Sekiya S, Varella-Garcia M, West J, et al. Molecular definition of a small amplification domain within 3q26 in tumors of cervix, ovary, and lung. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 2000; l17:9-18.
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24. Andersson S, Wallin KL, Hellström AC, Morrison LE, Hjerpe A, Auer G, et al. Frequent oin of the human telomerase gene,I1ERC at 3q26 in cervical adenocareinomas. Br J Cancer 2006; 95:33l-338.
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27. Caraway NP, Khanna A, Dawlett M, Guo M, Guo N, Lin E, Katz RL. Gain of the 3q26 region in cervicovaginal liquid-based pap preparations is associated with squamous intraepithelial lesions and squamous cell carcinoma. Gynecol Oncol 2008; 110:37-42.
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28. Kokalj-Vokac N, Kodric T, Erjavec-Skerget A, Zagorac A, Takac I. Screening of TERC gene amplification as an additional genetic diagnostic test in detection of cervical preneoplastic lesions. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 2009; 195:19-22.
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29. Alameda F, Espinet B, Corzo C, Muñoz R, Bellosillo B, Lloveras B, et al. 3q26 (hTERC) gain studied by fluorescence in situ hybridization as a persistence-progression indicator in low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion cases. Hum Pathol 2009; 40:1474-1478.
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Bin H et al Screening Mark of Cervical Cancer
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Iran J Basic Med Sci, Vol. 16, No. 6, Jun 2013
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35. Heselmeyer-Haddad K, Janz V, Castle PE, Chaudhri N, White N, Wilber K, et al. Detection of genomic amplification of the human telomerase gene (TERC) in cytologic specimens as a genetic test for the diagnosis of cervical dysplasia. Am J Pathol 2003; 63:1405-1416
39
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
A Systematic Review of Statistical Methods Used to Test for Reliability of Medical Instruments Measuring Continuous Variables
Objective(s): Reliability measures precision or the extent to which test results can be replicated. This is the first ever systematic review to identify statistical methods used to measure reliability of equipment measuring continuous variables. This studyalso aims to highlight the inappropriate statistical method used in the reliability analysis and its implication in the medical practice. Materials and Methods: In 2010, five electronic databases were searched between 2007 and 2009 to look for reliability studies. A total of 5,795 titles were initially identified. Only 282 titles were potentially related, and finally 42 fitted the inclusion criteria. Results: The Intra-class Correlation Coefficient (ICC) is the most popular method with 25 (60%) studies having used this method followed by the comparing means (8 or 19%). Out of 25 studies using the ICC, only 7 (28%) reported the confidence intervals and types of ICC used. Most studies (71%) also tested the agreement of instruments. Conclusion: This study finds that the Intra-class Correlation Coefficient is the most popular method used to assess the reliability of medical instruments measuring continuous outcomes. There are also inappropriate applications and interpretations of statistical methods in some studies. It is important for medical researchers to be aware of this issue, and be able to correctly perform analysis in reliability studies.
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_998_facf8862bdc239f33e12fc4bdc7a0923.pdf
2013-06-01
803
807
10.22038/ijbms.2013.998
ICC
Intra-class correlation coefficient
Reliability
Statistical method
Validation study
Rafdzah
Zaki
rafdzah@hotmail.com
1
1,3Julius Centre University of Malaya, Department of Social & Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
LEAD_AUTHOR
Awang
Bulgiba
2
4Department of Applied Statistics, Faculty of Economics & Administration, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
AUTHOR
Noorhaire
Nordin
3
1,3Julius Centre University of Malaya, Department of Social & Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
AUTHOR
Noor Azina
Ismail
4
4Department of Applied Statistics, Faculty of Economics & Administration, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
AUTHOR
1. Daly LE, Bourke GJ. Interpretation and Use of Medical Statistics. 5th ed. Oxford: Blackwell Science Ltd; 2000.
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2. Bruton A, Conway JH, Holgate ST. Reliability: What is it, and how is it measured? Physiotherapy 2000; 86:94-99.
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3. Altman DG, Bland JM. Measurement in Medicine: the analysis of method comparison studies. Statistician 1983; 32:307-317.
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4. Hopkins WG. Measures of reliability in sports medicine and science. Sports Med 2000; 30:1-15.
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5. Liberati A, Altman DG, Tetzlaff J, Mulrow C, Gøtzsche PC, Ioannidiset J PAea. The PRISMA statement for reporting systematic reviews and meta-analyses of studies that evaluate health care interventions:explanation and elaboration. PLoS Med 2009; 6:e1000100. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1000100.
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6. Medline. Available at: http://ehis.ebscohost.com/ehost/search/advanced? sid= 0f3db84b-1aa7-47a7-a950-4bff8d897e31%40sessionmgr104&vid=1&hid=121.
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11. Holzinger U, Warszawska J, Kitzberger R, Herkner H, Metnitz PG, Madl C. Impact of shock requiring norepinephrine on the accuracy and reliability of subcutaneous continuous glucose monitoring. Intensive Care Med 2009; 35:1383-1389.
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12. Antona B, Barra F, Barrio A, Gonzalez E, Sanchez I. Validity and repeatability of a new test for aniseikonia. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2007; 48:58-62.
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13. Boyles SH, Edwards SR, Gregory WT, Denman MA, Clark AL. Validating a clinical measure of levator hiatus size. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2007; 196:174.e1-.e4.
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14. Shannon H, Gregson R, Stocks J, Cole TJ, Main E. Repeatability of physiotherapy chest wall vibrations applied to spontaneously breathing adults. Physiotherapy 2009; 95:36-42.
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15. Ageberg E, Flenhagen J, Ljung J. Test-retest reliability of knee kinesthesia in healthy adults. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2007;8.
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16. Maksymowych WP, Dhillon SS, Park R, Salonen D, Inman RD, Lambert RGW. Validation of the spondylarthritis research consortium of Canada magnetic resonance imaging spinal inflammation index: Is it necessary to score the entire spine? Arthritis Care Res 2007; 57:501-507.
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17. Reilly K, Munro J, Pandit S, Kress A, Walker C, Pitto RP. Inter-observer validation study of quantitative CT-osteodensitometry in total knee arthroplasty. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 2007;127:729-31.
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18. Syed FI, Oza AL, Vanderby R, Heiderscheit B, Anderson PA. A method to measure cervical spine motion over extended periods of time. SPINE 2007; 32:2092-2098.
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20. Pini C, Natalizi A, Gerosa PF, Frigerio M, Omboni S, Parati G. Validation of the Artsana CS 410 automated blood pressure monitor in adults according to the International Protocol of the European Society of Hypertension. Blood Pressure Monitoring 2008; 13:177–182.
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21. The Free Encyclopedia. 2011. Available at: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ronald_A._Fisher.
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22. Weir JP. Quantifying test-retest reliability using the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient and the SEM. J Strength Cond Res 2005; 19:231-240.
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23. The Free Encyclopedia. 2011.Available at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intraclass_correlation.
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25. Shrout PE, Fleiss JL. Intraclass Correlations: uses in assessing rater reliability. Psychol Bull 1979; 86:420-428.
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26. McGraw KO, Wong SP. Forming inferences about some intraclass correlation coefficients. Psychol Methods 1996; 1:30-46.
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27. Streiner DL, Norman GR. Health measurement scales. Apractical guide to their development and use. Third ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 2003.
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28. Muller R, Buttner P. A critical discussion of intraclass correlation coefficients. Stat Med 1994; 13:2465-2476. Epub 1994/12/15.
28
29. Bland JM, Altman DG. Statistical methods for assessing agreement between two methods of clinical measurement. Lancet 1986; i:307-310.
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30. Fay MP. Random marginal agreement coefficients: rethinking the adjustment for chance when measuring agreement. Biostatistics 2005; 6:171-180. Epub 2004/12/25.
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32. Neveu D, Aubas P, Seguret F, Kramar A, Dujols P. Measuring agreement for ordered ratings in 3 x 3 tables. Methods Inf Med 2006; 45:541-547. Epub 2006/10/05.
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33. de Vet HCW, Terwee CB, Knol DL, Bouter LM. When to use agreement versus reliability measures. J Clin Epidemiol 2006; 59:1033-1039.
33
34. Zaki R, Bulgiba A, Ismail R, Ismail NA. Statistical methods used to test for agreement of medical instruments measuring continuous variables in method comparison studies: a systematic review. PLoS One 2012;7:e37908. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0037908(5
34
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of L-Glutamine Supplementation on Electromyographic Activity of the Quadriceps Muscle Injured By Eccentric Exercise
Objective(s): The purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of L-glutamine on electromyographic (EMG) activity of the quadriceps muscle injured by eccentric exercise (EE). Materials and Methods: Seventeen healthy men (age: 22.35±2.27 yr; body mass: 69.91±9.78 kg; height: 177.08±4.32 cm) were randomly and double-blind study with subjects assigned to either an L-glutamine supplementation (n=9) or placebo (n=8) group. The subjects in two groups were asked to take three times during a week for 4 weeks. Each subject was screened for dietary habits before inclusion into the study. Participants performed 6 set to exhaustion eccentric leg extensions at 75% of 1RM and rest intervals were 3 min among sets. Pain Assessment Scale (PAS), EMG activity and range of motion (ROM) measurements were taken before exercise protocol and 24 and 48 hr afterwards. Results: There was no statistically significant difference between groups in perceived muscle soreness (SOR), ROM and EMG activity (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The results indicate that L-glutamine supplementation has no significant effect on muscle injury markers in between groups, although glutamine supplementation attenuated delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) effects in sup group.
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_999_06ebb243d692593fa814fbd4d161da46.pdf
2013-06-01
808
812
10.22038/ijbms.2013.999
Eccentric exercise
Electromyographic activity
L- glutamine
Muscle injured
Farhad
Rahmani Nia
1
Department of Exercise Physiology Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
AUTHOR
Esmail
Farzaneh
esmail_farzaneh@yahoo.com
2
Departments of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Kermanshah Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Arsalan
Damirchi
3
Department of Exercise Physiology Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
AUTHOR
Ali
Shamsi Majlan
4
Department of Exercise Physiology Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
AUTHOR
O’Reilly K, Warhol M, Fielding R, Frontera W, Meredith C, Evans W.Eccentric exercise-induced muscle damage impairs muscle glycogen repletion. J Appl Physiol 1987; 63:252–
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2. Waddell D Fredricks K. Effects of a Glutamine Supplement on the Skeletal Muscle Contractile Force of Mice. Am J Undergraduate Res 2005; 4:11-8.
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3. Lowery L
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6. Newsholme EA. Why is L-glutamine metabolism important to cells of the immune system in health, post-injury, surgery, or infection. J Nutr 2001; 131:2515-2522.
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8. Low SY, Taylor PM, Rennie MJ. Response of glutamine transport in cultured rat skeletal muscle to osmotically induced changes in cell volume. J Physiol 1996; 492:877-85.
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9. Miura H, Araki H, Matoba H, Kitagawa K. Relationship among oxygenation, myoelectric activity, and lactic acid accumulation in vastus lateralis muscle during exercise with constant work rate. Int J Sports Med 2000; 21:180-4.
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12. Stock MS, Young JC, Golding LA, Kruskall LJ, Tandy RD, JM Conway-Klaassen
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et al. The Effects of adding leucine to pre and postexercise carbohydrate beverages on aute muscle recovery from resistance training. J Strength Cond Res 2010; 24:2211–
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13. Linnamo V, Bottas R, Komi PV. Force and EMG power spectrum during and after eccentric and concentric fatigue. J Electromyogr Kinesiol 2000; 10:293-300.
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15. Tartibian B, Hajizadeh Maleki B, Abbasi A. The effects of ingestion of omega-3 fatty acids on perceived pain and external sympyoms of delayed onset muscle soreness in untrained men. Clin J Sport Med 2009; 19:2.
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16. Kraemer WJ. Physiological adaptation to anaerobic and aerobic endurance training programs. In: Baechle TR, Earle RW. editors. Essentials of strength training and conditioning. 2nd ed. Human Kinetics, champaign, III: 2000.p.137-68.
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17. Chen TC. Effects of a second bout of maximal eccentric exercise on muscle damage and electromyographic activity. Eur J Appl Physiol 2003; 89:115
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