Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
2008-3866
2008-3874
21
12
2018
12
01
The role of calcium channel blockers in wound healing
1198
1199
EN
Hoda
Mojiri-Forushani
0000-0002-1943-4787
Department of Pharmacology, Abadan School of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran
dr.mojiri@yahoo.com
10.22038/ijbms.2018.29753.7182
Wound healing is a natural response to restore the injured tissue to normal. Wound healing is also complicated process involving different cellular, molecular and biochemical mechanisms and various types of cytokines and growth factors. Calcium channel blockers belong to cardiovascular medicine and administrated to treatment of hypertension, angina and cardiac arrhythmia because of vasodilatory effect. Calcium channel blockers is divided to dihydropyridine and non-dihydropyrine. The potential of both dihydropyridine and non-dihydropyrine calcium channel blockers in wound healing have been reported in different animal models and in vitro previously. Amlodipine, verapamil, diltiazem, nifedipine, and azelnidipine are calcium channel blockers that indicated wound healing property. The various mechanisms that involve in wound healing effect of calcium channel blockers are discussed in this article.
Amlodipine,Azelnidipine,Calcium channel blockers,Diltiazem,Nifedipine,Verapamil,Wound healing
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_11707.html
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_11707_07b3931d62df9a9c8b2c4d4cfca6f00a.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
2008-3866
2008-3874
21
12
2018
12
01
A glance at black cumin(Nigella sativa) and its active constituent, thymoquinone, in ischemia: a review
1200
1209
EN
Zahra
Oskouei
Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
oskoueiz901@mums.ac.ir
Maryam
Akaberi
0000-0002-3971-2377
Department of Phamacogenosy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
akaberim911@mums.ac.ir
Hossein
Hosseinzadeh
0000-0002-3483-851X
Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
hosseinzadehh@mums.ac.ir
10.22038/ijbms.2018.31703.7630
<em><strong>Objective(s):</strong></em> Black cumin (Nigella sativa) belonging to Ranunculaceae family has a long history of medicinal use in various folk and traditional systems of medicine, including Iranian traditional medicine (ITM). These valuable medicinal seeds have been used traditionally against a variety of diseases such as dyspepsia, diabetes, headache, influenza and asthma. In addition, several scientific investigations have reported the therapeutic properties of N. sativa and thymoquinone (TQ), one of the most important constituent of black cumin, for treatment of a large number of diseases, including ischemia. As there is no comprehensive review study about the anti-ischemic activity of black cumin and its mechanism of action, in the current study, we aimed to review the anti-ischemic activities of N. sativa and TQ in different organ-related disorders. <br /><em><strong>Materials and Methods:</strong></em> We searched the words N. sativa or black cumin and ischemia in the combination of related organs through available databases including Scopus, Web of science, and Google scholar. <br /><em><strong>Results:</strong></em> Several studies were found reporting the anti-ischemic activity of black cumin and its active constituent on different organs including brain, kidneys, heart, and liver. Black cumin exert its beneficial effects as an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptosis, and anti-necrosis agent though inhibition of growth factors, biochemical and oxidative stress markers and regulating gene expression. <br /><em><strong>Conclusion:</strong></em> Thus, N. sativa could be a potential candidate for treatment of ischemia related disorders in key organs such as brain, liver, digestive system, kidney, and heart. To figure out the exact mechanism of action, further investigations are proposed in this regard.
Black cumin,Brain,Cardiovascular,Ischemia,Nigella sativa
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_11733.html
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_11733_12156cf39e55f02743140f08488d1bc3.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
2008-3866
2008-3874
21
12
2018
12
01
The roles of RFamide-related peptides (RFRPs), mammalian gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone (GnIH) orthologues in female reproduction
1210
1220
EN
Huimei
Wang
0000-0002-5024-5298
Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Fudan Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
huimeiwang345@gmail.com
Arezoo
Khoradmehr
0000-0001-7460-1616
Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Yazd Reproduction Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
mehrarezoo@gmail.com
Mohammad
Jalali
The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
medico_jalali@yahoo.com
Mohammad Saied
Salehi
0000-0002-3535-1578
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences and Technology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
saied.salehi@gmail.com
Kazuyoshi
Tsutsui
Laboratory of Integrative Brain Sciences, Department of Biology and Center for Medical Life Science, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
k-tsutsui@waseda.jp
Mohammad Reza
Jafarzadeh Shirazi
0000-0001-8135-8597
Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
jafarzd@shirazu.ac.ir
Amin
Tamadon
0000-0002-0222-3035
The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
amintamaddon@yahoo.com
10.22038/ijbms.2018.30520.7355
<em><strong>Objective(s):</strong></em> To benefit from reproduction and deal with challenges in the environmental conditions, animals must adapt internal physiology to maximize the reproduction rate. Maladaptive variations in the neurochemical systems and reproductive system can lead to manifestation of several significant mammalian reprocesses, including mammalian ovarian lifespan. RFamide-related peptide (RFRP, Rfrp), mammalian orthologues of gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone (GnIH), which is a regulator to prevent the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neural activity, is known to be related to reproductive traits. This review aimed to summarize recent five-year observations to outline historic insights and novel perspectives into the functions of RFRPs in coding the mammalian reproductive physiology, especially highlight recent advances in the impact on RFRPs in regulating mammalian ovary lifespan.<br /><em><strong>Materials and Methods:</strong></em> We reviewed the recent five-year important findings of RFRP system involved in mammalian ovary development. Data for this review were collected from Google Scholar and PubMed using the RFRP keyword combined with the keywords related to physiological or pathological reproductive functions.<br /><em><strong>Results:</strong></em> Recent discoveries are focused on three major fronts in research on RFRP role in female reproduction including reproductive functions, energy balance, and stress regulation. The roles of RFRPs in various development phases of mammal reproduction including prepuberty, puberty, estrous cycle, pregnancy, milking, menopause, and/or ovarian diseases have been shown.<br /><em><strong>Conclusion:</strong> </em>Overall, these recent advances demonstrate that RFRPs serve as critical mediators in mammalian ovarian development.
Female,Gonadotropin-inhibitory,hormone,Mammals,RFamide-related peptide,Reproduction
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_11685.html
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_11685_975dca227962651935eb97fb72eaf3aa.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
2008-3866
2008-3874
21
12
2018
12
01
Serological, pathological and scintigraphic assessment of Hemiscorpius lepturus effects on renal dysfunction in rats
1221
1225
EN
Ali
Movahed
0000-0002-1988-4091
The Persian Gulf Tropical Research Center, Biochemistry Group, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
amirali_1957@yahoo.com
Hossein
Fatemikia
0000-0003-0576-9794
Departments of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
hosseinfatemikia@yahoo.com
Kaveh
Tanha
The Persian Gulf Nuclear Medicine Research Center, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
tanha.kaveh@gmail.com
Abdollhamid
Esmaeili
0000-0003-2166-1791
Department of Pathology, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
hamidsporteducation@gmail.com
Euikyung
Kim
0000-0003-3356-3072
College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
ekim@gnu.ac.kr
Naser
Mohammadpour Dounighi
0000-0001-6684-5004
Department of Human Vaccine and Serum, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Karaj, Iran
nasser_mohammadpour@yahoo.com
Soudabeh
Zendebodi
0000-0003-0056-5151
Department of Nephrology, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
soudabeh.zend@gmail.com
Ramin
Seyedian
0000-0002-8566-8450
Department of Pharmacology, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
raminseyedian@gmail.com
10.22038/ijbms.2018.31426.7585
<em><strong>Objective(s):</strong></em> Hemiscorpius lepturus is one of the dangerous scorpions of Iran leading to acute kidney injury (AKI) especially in infants. The purpose of this animal study was to compare the serological, pathological and scintigraphic data to quickly predict the occurrence of this disorder.<br /><em><strong>Materials and Methods:</strong></em> In two groups of animals, each contained five rats, H. lepturus venom (1200 µg/Kg) were injected intravenously via the tail vein. At three hours and one week later, 99m Tc-DMSA (3 mCi) was intravenously injected and renal scintigraphy was performed after an hour. Moreover, plasma levels of creatinine, sodium, potassium, and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) were measured. At the end of the study, renal tissues were excised and prepared to perform pathological evaluation after Hematoxylin and Eosin staining.<br /><em><strong>Results:</strong></em> All serological indices were remained unchanged compared to control. A large number of glomerular fibrin thrombi with entrapped red blood cells and simplified tubular epithelium in dilated and ectatic tubules were observed in high power field (×100) four hours after envenomation, which reduced significantly one week later. In our scintigraphic study, there was a statistically significant difference (P<0.05) in kidney count rate per pixels (CRPP) in both acute and chronic phases compared to the sham group that received normal saline (0.84±0.05 and 1.36±0.07 versus 1.7±0.05).<br /><em><strong>Conclusion:</strong></em> The results of this preliminary animal study suggest renal scintigraphy is a non-invasive method to predict the occurrence of the AKI in H. lepturus envenomation. It leads the way for more investigation to counteract the renal failure induced by this venom.
Envenomation,Fibrin thrombi,Hemiscorpius lepturus,Kidney,Scorpion,Scintigraphy
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_11686.html
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_11686_a6ae9b7f036eb6b2cad04fdd1eb7f9ca.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
2008-3866
2008-3874
21
12
2018
12
01
High frequency of mutations in gyrA gene associated with quinolones resistance in uropathogenic Escherichia coli isolates from the north of Iran
1226
1231
EN
Mohammad
Shenagari
0000-0003-4221-8748
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
sedigh.h15@gmail.com
Masoud
Bakhtiari
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
kaveh.mohammad99@gmail.com
Ali
Mojtahedi
0000-0002-5385-9367
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
mojtahedii.ali@gmail.com
Zahra
Atrkar Roushan
Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht- Iran
vahid_mi6@yahoo.com
10.22038/ijbms.2018.31285.7539
<em><strong>Objective(s):</strong></em> Regarding the global burden of uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) infections, prevention and treatment of such infections play a significant role in healthcare management. The inordinate use of fluoroquinolones led to a worldwide spread of quinolone-resistant strains. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate mutations in codons 83 and 106 of gyrA gene in UPEC isolates in the north of Iran.<br /><em><strong>Materials and Methods:</strong></em> This cross-sectional study performed on a total of 223 UPEC isolates which were recovered within 6 months in 2017. Isolates were identified and confirmed by standard microbiologic tests, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was carried out by disk diffusion and E-test methods. PCR reaction was performed to amplify gyrA gene, and PCR-RFLP was performed using BsiEI and BstUI restriction enzymes to investigate mutations in gyrA gene.<br /><em><strong>Results:</strong></em> The nalidixic acid, ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, and norfloxacin resistance rates were 61.9%, 50.2%, 48.25, and 45.3%, respectively. Overall, 55.2% of E. coli isolates had a mutation in gyrA gene in codon 83, and 20.2% in codon 106. Also, 15.2% of isolates had simultaneously mutation. Moreover, a significant association was found between mutations in gyrA gene and quinolone and fluoroquinolones resistance pattern of UPEC isolates.<br /><em><strong>Conclusion:</strong></em> Our results revealed a high level of quinolone resistance associated with the mutations in gyrA among the clinical isolates of UPEC in our region. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first investigation on the role of gyrA alteration in quinolone resistance among UPEC isolates from the north of Iran.
Antibiotic resistance,gyrA,PCR-RFLP,Quinolone,Uropathogenic Escherichia coli
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_11714.html
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_11714_71fb37a71b9817d743b31449b0587a1e.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
2008-3866
2008-3874
21
12
2018
12
01
Effect of gallic acid on chronic restraint stress-induced anxiety and memory loss in male BALB/c mice
1232
1237
EN
Azadeh
Salehi
Department of Biology, Izeh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Izeh, Iran
azadehsalehi@yahoo.com
Zahra
Rabiei
Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
zahrarabiei@ymail.com
Mahbubeh
Setorki
Department of Biology, Izeh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Izeh, Iran
doctor.setorgi@gmail.com
10.22038/ijbms.2018.31230.7523
<em><strong>Objective(s):</strong></em> Long-term exposure to stress leads to memory deficits and certain mood disorders such as depression and anxiety. We aimed to study the effect of gallic acid (GA) on chronic restraint stress (CRS) induced anxiety and memory deficits in male BALB/c mice.<br /><em><strong>Materials and Methods:</strong></em> Ninety male BALB/c mice were assigned to nine groups including caged control (CC): food-water deprived (FWD), under chronic restraint stress (CRS), CRS+ gallic acid (5, 10, and 20 mg/kg), and gallic acid (5, 10, and 20 mg/kg). Behavioral assays were performed after 21 days of daily treatment with CRS and GA. Serum and brain levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and total antioxidant capacity (TCA) and serum corticosterone level were also measured. <br /><em><strong>Results:</strong></em> Treatment of CRS mice with GA significantly improved passive avoidance memory in the shuttle box and ameliorated anxiety-like behaviors in the elevated plus maze (EPM) and open filed test (OFT). GA treatment significantly reduced elevated levels of serum and brain MDA and increased brain TCA. CRS and GA did not affect serum corticosterone levels. Treatment of healthy mice with GA had some adverse effects and induced some anxiety and oxidative stress. <br /><em><strong>Conclusion:</strong></em> GA exerted protective effects against stress-induced mood and memory deficit disorders.
Anxiety,Gallic acid,MDA,Oxidative stress,Passive avoidance memory
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_11676.html
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_11676_00f905725043edbee755636278a6ec1b.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
2008-3866
2008-3874
21
12
2018
12
01
Tempol relieves lung injury in a rat model of chronic intermittent hypoxia via suppression of inflammation and oxidative stress
1238
1244
EN
Yeying
Wang
Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650101, People’s Republic of China
yywang96@sina.com
Bing
Hai
Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650101, People’s Republic of China
bhai4657@sina.com
Li
Ai
Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650101, People’s Republic of China
lai56232@sina.com
Yu
Cao
Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650101, People’s Republic of China
ycao845@sina.com
Ran
Li
Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650101, People’s Republic of China
rli6956@sina.com
Hui
Li
Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650101, People’s Republic of China
hli1562@sina.com
Yongxia
Li
Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650101, People’s Republic of China
yxli5323@sina.com
10.22038/ijbms.2018.31716.7714
<em><strong>Objective(s):</strong> </em>Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is confirmed to cause lesions in multiple organs, especially in the lung tissue. Tempol is an antioxidant that has been reported to restrain inflammation and oxidative stress, with its role in OSA-induced lung injury being unclear. This study aimed to investigate the beneficial effect of tempol on chronic intermittent hypoxia (IH)-induced lung injury.<br /><em><strong>Materials and Methods:</strong></em> A rat model of OSA was established by IH. There were four groups: normal air (NA), IH, IH+tempol, NA+tempol. Inflammatory response was evaluated by TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 levels. Oxidative stress was detected by MDA and GSH levels, and SOD activity. The protein levels were assessed by Western blot. DNA binding activity of NF-κB or Nrf2 was determined by electrophoretic mobility shift assay.<br /><em><strong>Results:</strong> </em>According to the results, tempol administration alleviated pathological changes of the lung tissue, decreased leukocyte count and protein content (P<0.001) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Inflammation response in lung tissue induced by IH was suppressed by tempol as evidenced by decreased levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 (P<0.001) and protein levels of COX-2 and iNOS (P<0.001). Moreover, tempol inhibited oxidative stress in lung tissue by down-regulating the MDA level (P<0.001) and enhancing SOD activity (P<0.001) and the GSH level (P<0.05). In addition, tempol repressed inflammation response via inactivation of the NF-κB pathway. Furthermore, the results suggested that tempol repressed oxidative stress by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. <br /><em><strong>Conclusion:</strong></em> Our findings suggest that tempol effectively relieves OSA-induced lung injury.
Inflammation response,Intermittent hypoxia,NF-κB,Nrf2/HO-1,Oxidative stress,Tempol
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_11687.html
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_11687_cb5e74d70974d423567cf6e0c165a7a8.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
2008-3866
2008-3874
21
12
2018
12
01
Effect of ghrelin on serum metabolites in Alzheimer’s disease model rats; a metabolomics studies based on 1H-NMR technique
1245
1254
EN
Fatemeh
Goshadrou
Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Department of Basic Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
fghoshadrou@yahoo.com
Afsaneh
Arefi Oskouie
0000-0001-5838-9600
Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Department of Basic Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
a.arefi@sbmu.ac.ir
Maryam
Eslami
Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
m.eslami2008@yahoo.com
BiBi Fatemeh
Nobakht Mothlagh Ghoochani
0000-0002-2500-0002
Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
fatemeh.nobakht@yahoo.com
10.22038/ijbms.2018.30596.7373
<em><strong>Objective(s):</strong></em> Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is dysfunction of the central nervous system and as a neurodegenerative disease. The objective of this work is to investigate metabolic profiling in the serum of animal models of AD compared to healthy controls and then to peruse the role of ghrelin as a therapeutic approach for the AD.<br /><em><strong>Materials and Methods:</strong></em> Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technique was used for identification of metabolites that are differentially expressed in the serum of a rat model of the AD with or without ghrelin treatment. Using multivariate statistical analysis, models were built and indicated.<br /><em><strong>Results:</strong></em> There were significant differences and high predictive power between AD and ghrelin-treated groups. The area under curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and Q2 were 0.870 and 0.759, respectively. A biomarker panel consisting of 14 metabolites was identified to discriminate the AD from the control group. Another panel of 12 serum metabolites was used to differentiate AD models from treated models. <br /><em><strong>Conclusion:</strong></em> Both panels had good agreements with clinical diagnosis. Analysis of the results displayed that ghrelin improved memory and cognitive abilities. Affected pathways by ghrelin included oxidative stress, and osteoporosis pathways and vascular risk factors.
Alzheimer’s disease,ghrelin,Metabolic profiling,Metabolomics,Nuclear magnetic resonance
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_11597.html
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_11597_5f3a4f094323828f458010f00d6359b4.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
2008-3866
2008-3874
21
12
2018
12
01
Wild pistachio (Pistacia atlantica mutica) oil improve metabolic syndrome features in rats with high fructose ingestion
1255
1261
EN
Sanaz
Jamshidi
0000-0003-2013-3663
Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and food sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
sanaz_jamshidi_1992@yahoo.com
Najmeh
Hejazi
0000-0003-2664-6208
Nutrition Research Center, Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
najmehhejazi@gmail.com
Mohammad-Taghi
Golmakani
Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
golmakani@shirazu.ac.ir
Nader
Tanideh
Stem Cell and Transgenic Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
sana_jam_666@yahoo.com
10.22038/ijbms.2018.30511.7351
<em><strong>Objective(s):</strong></em> Metabolic syndrome is a multiplex risk factor for diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Since some dietary fats such as mono-unsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) modify metabolic syndrome components the aim of the present study was to evaluate the preventive effects of mixture, kernel and hull oils of wild pistachio (WP) (Pistacia atlantica mutica) as good sources of MUFA on different features of this abnormality in rats under induction. <br /><em><strong>Materials and Methods:</strong> </em>In this study rats were randomly assigned to six groups with 12 animals per group. Metabolic syndrome was induced by fructose solution in groups 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6. Group 3 received sunflower oil and groups 4, 5, and 6 received mixture, hull and kernel oils of WP (2 ml/kg/day), respectively, for 10 weeks. Then, lipid profiles, glycemic indices, oxidative stress and inflammatory parameters were measured using standard laboratory tests.<br /><em><strong>Results:</strong></em> Different forms of WP oil induced hypotriglyceridemia, but the hypocholesterolemia effect was seen only in the mixed and kernel oil groups. Kernel oil also significantly reduced LDL and HDL cholesterol (P<0.05). In addition, mixed and kernel oils notably decreased glycemic indices (fasting blood glucose and insulin resistance) compared with the fructose group. Serum insulin levels were significantly increased in the kernel oil group (P<0.05). All WP oils also significantly decreased inflammation (IL-6).<br /><em><strong>Conclusion:</strong></em> The results showed that the consumption of WP kernel oil may have beneficial effects on preventing hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesterolemia, inflammation and pancreatic secretory disorders.
insulin resistance,Inflammation,Lipidemia,metabolic syndrome,Oil,Pistacia
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_11598.html
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_11598_e1311550c93d9cb770ae8cad65d8121d.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
2008-3866
2008-3874
21
12
2018
12
01
Potential therapeutic effect of pomegranate seed oil on ovarian ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats
1262
1268
EN
Muhammed
Yayla
0000-0002-0659-3084
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey
muhammed.yayla@gmail.com
Damla
Cetin
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey
damlacetin.erz@gmail.com
Yasemen
Adali
0000-0002-8004-7364
Department of Pathology, Highlited sentences should be cahanged as Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University Faculty of Medicine, 17100 Canakkale/Turkey
yasemenadali@hotmail.com
Pinar
Aksu Kilicle
0000-0002-3567-5775
Department of Biology, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University Faculty of Medicine, 17100 Canakkale/Turkey
pinar-aksu@hotmail.com
Erdem
Toktay
0000-0002-0715-2707
Department of Histology and Embryology, Ataturk University, Faculty of Medicine, 25240 Erzurum/Turkey
erdemtoktay@gmail.com
10.22038/ijbms.2018.30149.7268
<em><strong>Objective(s):</strong></em> The aim of this study is to determine the therapeutic effects of pomegranate seed oil, which is a powerful antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent, on ovarian-ischemia and reperfusion injury in rats.<br /><em><strong>Materials and Methods:</strong></em> Fifty-six female albino Wistar rats were divided into 7 equal groups. Group 1; Sham Operation, Group 2; Ischemia, Group 3; Ischemia + Reperfusion, Group 4; Ischemia + Pomegranate 0,32 ml / kg (IP), Group 5; Ischemia + Pomegranate 0.64 ml / kg, Group 6; Ischemia + Pomegranate 0,32 ml / kg + reperfusion, Group 7; Ischemia + Pomegranate 0,64 ml / kg + reperfusion. Three hours after ischemia and 3 hours after reperfusion, the study was terminated. <br /><em><strong>Results:</strong></em> While NADPH oxidase activity, MDA and TNF-α levels were significantly increased, SOD activity and GSH levels were reduced in ischemia and I/R groups. Low dose pomegranate seed oil application reduced significantly oxidative stress and NADPH oxidase activity in both ischemic and ischemic/reperfusion groups. At the same time, low-dose pomegranate seed oil extract reduced TNF-α levels and significantly increased antioxidant activity.<br /><em><strong>Conclusion:</strong></em> PSO demonstrated an important therapeutic effect in the treatment of ovarian ischemia and reperfusion injury.
Ischemia/Reperfusion,Oxidative stress,Ovary,Pomegranate seed oil,Punicaceae,Rats
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_11675.html
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_11675_7fecec992dbedc728ecc78c8f605e28d.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
2008-3866
2008-3874
21
12
2018
12
01
Exposure to cell phone radiofrequency changes corticotrophin hormone levels and histology of the brain and adrenal glands in male Wistar rat
1269
1274
EN
Sima
Shahabi
Physiology Departments, Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
sima.shahabi@ymail.com
Iman
Hassanzadeh Taji
Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
iman_ht19@yahoo.com
Maedeh
Hoseinnezhad
Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
maedehhoseinnezhad@gmail.com
Fateme
Mousavi
Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
fatememousavi_1374@yahoo.com
Shermineh
Shirchi
Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
shermineh.shirchi1374@gmail.com
Atena
Nazari
Neuroscience Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
nazariasas@gmail.com
Hooman
Zarei
Anatomy Departments, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
hooman1634zarei@gmail.com
Fereshteh
Pourabdolhossein
0000-0001-9285-1571
Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
pourabdolhossein@gmail.com
10.22038/ijbms.2018.29567.7133
<em><strong>Objective(s):</strong></em> Nowadays, the electromagnetic field-emitting devices are used routinely in our lives. Controversial reports exist concerning the effects of mobile radiofrequency (RF) on different parts of the body, especially stress hormones. The main goal of the present work was to study the long-term effects of mobile RF900 MHz exposure with special focus on the adrenal gland pathophysiology and function. <br /><em><strong>Materials and Methods:</strong></em> Adult male Wistar rats were exposed to mobile RF 6 hr daily for 4–8 weeks. Intact and switched-off exposed animals were considered as controls. Plasma ACTH and cortisol levels were measured by the ELISA method. At the end of the experiment, a histological study was done on adrenal gland and brain tissues by hematoxylin and eosin staining. The thickness of the fasciculate layer of the adrenal gland, and its cell count and perimeter were measured using the Fiji software. <br /><em><strong>Results:</strong></em> Enhanced plasma ACTH and cortisol levels were found after prolonged exposure to mobile RF. The fasciculata layer of adrenal cortex eventually thickened following mobile RF radiation. While the number of cells in zona fasciculata remained constant, the cell size and perimeter increased during RF exposure. Finally, we found that vacuolization in brain tissue and the number and size of vacuoles considerably increased during two months of RF exposure. <br /><em><strong>Conclusion:</strong></em> Cell phone RF exposure induced significant hormonal and structural changes in adrenal gland and brain tissues. Therefore, the public should be aware and limit their exposure as much as possible.
Adrenal glands,Cell phone,Corticotropin hormone,Cortisol,Hypertrophy,Radio-frequency
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_11712.html
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_11712_afe4f947a1d7d39ce43c0850e31cb974.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
2008-3866
2008-3874
21
12
2018
12
01
Involvement of central opiate receptors in modulation of centrally administered oxytocin-induced antinociception
1275
1280
EN
Amir
Erfanparast
0000-0003-2526-2253
Division of Physiology, Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
a.erfanparast@urmia.ac.ir
Esmaeal
Tamaddonfard
Division of Physiology, Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
etamaddonfard@gmail.com
Sahar
Seyedin
Graduated, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
sahar.seyedin@gmail.com
10.22038/ijbms.2018.26302.6449
<em><strong>Objective(s):</strong></em> Oxytocin is involved in modulation of many brain-mediated functions. In the present study, we investigated the central effects of oxytocin and its receptor antagonist, atosiban on inflammatory pain. The contribution of opiate receptors was explored using non-selective and selective antagonists. Materials and <em><strong>Methods:</strong></em> The fourth ventricle of the brain of anesthetized rats was implanted with a guide cannula. Inflammatory pain in the orofacial region was induced by subcutaneous (SC) injection of formalin into the vibrissa pad, and time duration of face rubbing behavior was measured for 45 min. <br /><em><strong>Results:</strong></em> A typical biphasic pain was observed after formalin injection. This biphasic pain behavior was attenuated by intra-fourth ventricle administration of oxytocin (12.5, 50, and 200 ng/rat). Central prior administration of 400 ng/rat atosiban (an oxytocin receptor antagonist), naloxone (a non-selective opiate receptor antagonist), naloxonazine (a selective µ-opiate receptor antagonist), and nor-binaltorphimine (a selective κ-opiate receptor antagonist), but not naltrindole (a δ-opiate receptor antagonist), prevented oxytocin-induced (200 ng/rat) antinociception. Except for naltrindole, other antagonists increased pain intensity when used alone. Above-mentioned drugs did not alter locomotor activity. <br /><em><strong>Conclusion:</strong></em> Oxytocin, as a neuropeptide neurotransmitter, may be involved in the supraspinal modulation of inflammatory pain through µ- and κ-, but not δ-opiate receptors.
Fourth ventricle,Opioid receptors,Orofacial pain,Oxytocin,Rats
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_11669.html
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_11669_e7fa2244ccb2e605809ef1af7bbd1d17.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
2008-3866
2008-3874
21
12
2018
12
01
The effects of casticin and myricetin on liver damage induced by methotrexate in rats
1281
1288
EN
Fazile Nur
Eki̇nci̇-Akdemi̇r
0000-0001-9585-3169
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Health School, Ağrı İbrahim Çeçen University, Ağrı, Turkey
fazilenur85@gmail.com
Serkan
Yıldırım
0000-0003-2457-3367
Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
syildirim@atauni.edu.tr
Fatih
Mehmet Kandemir
0000-0002-8490-2479
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
fmehmet.kandemir@atauni.edu.tr
İlhami
Gülçi̇n
0000-0001-5993-1668
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
igulcin@atauni.edu.tr
sefa
Küçükler
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
sefakucukler@yahoo.com
Yavuz Selim
Sağlam
Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
yselim.saglam@atauni.edu.tr
Selvinaz
Yakan
Department of Animal Health, School of Eleşkirt Celal Oruç, Ağrı İbrahim Çeçen University, Ağrı, Turkey
syakan@hotmail.com
10.22038/ijbms.2018.29922.7217
<em><strong>Objective(s):</strong></em> In this study, we evaluated the therapeutic effects of casticin and myricetin on liver damage induced by methotrexate in rats.<br /><em><strong>Materials and Methods:</strong></em> Thirty-six male rats were used for the study and divided into 6 groups: control, methotrexate, casticin, myricetin, casticin+methotrexate, and myricetin+methotrexate. It was performed by methotrexate (20 mg/kg single dose, IP) in methotrexate, casticin+methotrexate and myricetin+methotrexate groups. Casticin 200 mg/kg dose was given to casticin and casticin+methotrexate groups. Myricetin 50 mg/kg dose was given to myricetin and myriceytin+methotrexate groups. At the end of the experiment, liver tissues were removed for the purpose of histopathological, biochemical and immunohistochemical assessments. <br /><em><strong>Results:</strong></em> In our study, we have detected that MDA levels increased and activities of antioxidant enzymes SOD, CAT, and GPX decreased in the methotrexate group compared to the other groups, but the level of MDA decreased and activities of these enzymes increased in casticin+methotrexate and myricetin+methotrexate groups compared to the methotrexate group. In immunohistochemical examinations of control, casticin and myricetin groups in liver tissues no caspase-3 and 8-OHdG expressions were observed. In the MTX group, caspase-3 and 8-OHdG expressions were seen at the severe levels. Caspase-3 and 8-OHdG expressions were mild in hepatocytes in the casticin+methotrexate and myricetin+methotrexate groups. When the liver tissues of the rats in the methotrexate group were examined, severe pathological damage was detected both in the parietal region and in the portal region.<br /><em><strong>Conclusion:</strong></em> By looking at these results, we can say that casticin and myricetin are effective against liver damage induced by methotrexate.
Antioxidants,Casticin,Myricetin,Oxidative stress,Reactive Oxygen Species
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_11674.html
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_11674_a460fcc1e1e0307445274baeedbd6a61.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
2008-3866
2008-3874
21
12
2018
12
01
Sleep deprivation disrupts striatal anti-apoptotic responses in 6-hydroxy dopamine-lesioned parkinsonian rats
1289
1296
EN
Nahid
Ahmadian
0000-0002-9095-235X
Neurosciences Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
ahmadiannahid@gmail.com
Javad
Mahmoudi
0000-0001-9755-9422
Neurosciences Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
mahmoudi2044@gmail.com
Mahnaz
Talebi
Neurosciences Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
talebi511@yahoo.com
Leila
Molavi
Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
omolavi@ualberta.ca
saeed
Sadigh-Eteghad
0000-0003-2872-1072
Neurosciences Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
saeed.sadigetegad@gmail.com
Egill
Rostrup
Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark
egillr@dadlnet.dk
Mojtaba
Ziaee
0000-0002-9725-3033
Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
mjziaee@gmail.com
10.22038/ijbms.2018.28546.6919
<em><strong>Objective(s):</strong></em> The present study was conducted to examine the effect of sleep deprivation (SD) on the anti-apoptotic pathways in Parkinsonian rats. <br /><em><strong>Materials and Methods:</strong></em> Male Wistar rats (n = 40) were assigned to four groups (10 animals each): sham surgery (Sham), 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-lesioned (OH), 6-OHDA-lesioned plus grid control (OH+GC), 6-OHDA-lesioned plus SD (OH+SD). Parkinson’s disease (PD) model was induced by the unilateral intra-striatal infusion of 6-OHDA (10 µg/rat). SD (4 hr/day, for 14 days) was induced using a multiple platforms water tank. On the last day of interventions, animals were subjected to open field test for horizontal motor performance assessment. Also, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), Bcl-2 and Bax were assessed in the striatum of study groups. <br /><em><strong>Results:</strong></em> SD obscured the motor deficits of PD animals observed in open field test. BDNF level and Bcl2/Bax ratio significantly increased in the OH group, and SD reduced their levels in the PD animals.<br /> <em><strong>Conclusion:</strong></em> SD suppressed the anti-apoptotic compensatory responses in the striatum; therefore, it may accelerate continual neuronal cell death in PD.
Bcl-2,BDNF,Bax,Sleep deprivation,Parkinson’s disease,6-Hydroxy dopamine
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_11706.html
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_11706_d8c4806310693f400971e29736aa4c76.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
2008-3866
2008-3874
21
12
2018
12
01
The protective effect of propofol on hydrogen peroxide-induced human esophageal carcinoma via blocking the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway
1297
1304
EN
Jian-Jun
Xue
Evidence Based Medicine Centre, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
xjj_xjj_001@sina.com
Ling-Yun
Zhang
Gansu Provincial Hospital of TCM, Lanzhou 730050, China
zhang_zly@sohu.com
Huai-Jing
Hou
Gansu Provincial Hospital of TCM, Lanzhou 730050, China
jingjinghhj@126.com
Yan
Li
Gansu Provincial Hospital of TCM, Lanzhou 730050, China
llyylee@tom.com
Wan-Sheng
Liang
Gansu Provincial Hospital of TCM, Lanzhou 730050, China
mr_wansheng@sohu.com
Ke-Hu
Yang
Evidence Based Medicine Centre, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
dr-yangkehu@outlook.com
10.22038/ijbms.2018.29141.7039
<em><strong>Objective(s):</strong></em> To analyze the potential influences of propofol on the oxidative stress of H2O2-induced human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) Eca109 cell through mediating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.<br /><em><strong>Materials and Methods:</strong></em> Eca109 cells were classified into 5 groups: Control group, H2O2 group, Propofol + H2O2 group, Dkk1 (Dickkopf-1, Wnt/β-catenin pathway antagonist) + H2O2 group, and Propofol + LiCl (Lithium chloride, Wnt/β-catenin pathway agonist) + H2O2 group. Western blotting was performed to determine the protein expressions, flow cytometry to measure the content of ROS, immunofluorescence staining to detect the oxidative DNA damage, as well as MTT, AnnexinV-FITC/PI, Wound-healing, and Transwell assays to test the biological characteristics of Eca109 cells.<br /><em><strong>Results:</strong></em> H2O2 resulted in the increased nuclear and cytoplasmatic expression of β-catenin, reduced p-GSK3β expression, up-regulated ROS content, and induced oxidative DNA damage in Eca109 cells. Moreover, Eca109 cells treated with H2O2 alone had enhanced cell proliferation and metastasis but decreased cell apoptosis, as compared with those without any treatment; meanwhile, the declined Cyt C, Bax, and cleaved caspase-3, as well as the elevated Bcl-2 were also observed in Eca109 cells in the H2O2 group, which were reversed by Propofol or Dkk1. Moreover, Propofol could inhibit the effect of LiCl on activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in H2O2-induced Eca109 cells.<br /><em><strong>Conclusion:</strong></em> Propofol elicits protective effects to inhibit H2O2-induced proliferation and metastasis and promote apoptosis of Eca109 cells via blocking the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, offering a possible therapeutic modality for ESCC.
Esophageal neoplasms,Hydrogen peroxide,Propofol,Wnt signaling pathway,β-catenin
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_11577.html
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_11577_a4dabfedf3b530f53554a1da0ab9207f.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
2008-3866
2008-3874
21
12
2018
12
01
Effect of apelin on cardiac contractility in acute reno-vascular hypertension: The role of apelin receptor and kappa opioid receptor heterodimerization
1305
1315
EN
Mahboobeh
Yeganeh-Hajahmadi
0000-0001-7148-5568
Physiolgy Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology and Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
yeganeh89@gmail.com
Hamid
Najafipour
000-0002-8030-8704
Cardiovascular Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences and Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
najafipourh@yahoo.co.uk
Farzaneh
Rostamzadeh
Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences and Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
far_rostamzadeh@yahoo.com
saeed
Esmaeili Mahani
Department of Biology, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
semahani@yahoo.com
Siavash
Joukar
0000-0002-9937-6985
Cardiovascular Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences and Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
sjokar@gmail.com
10.22038/ijbms.2018.31361.7555
<strong><em>Objective(s):</em> </strong>Apelin/APJ system plays an important role in the regulation of myocardial contractility (MC) and blood pressure. Opioid receptors (OPRs) are also important cardiovascular regulators and exert many of their effects through modulating the function of other systems. This study analyzed the interaction between APJ and kappa OPRs (KOR) in cardiac responsiveness to apelin in acute reno-vascular hypertension (2K1C).<br /><em><strong>Materials and Methods:</strong></em> MC studies were carried out on 2K1C rats. F13A (APJ blocker), Naloxone (OPR inhibitor), nor-Binaltorphiminedihydrochloride (nor-BNI; kappa OPR inhibitor), PTX (Gi path inhibitor) and chelerytrine (protein kinase C; PKC inhibitor) were administered prior to apelin 20 and 40 μg/kg. The phosphorylation of extracellular signal–regulated kinases (ERK1/2) (PERK) was also assessed. Dimerization of APJ and KOR was evaluated by immunoprecipitation.<br /><em><strong>Results:</strong> </em>Both doses of apelin reduced blood pressure. Apelin 40 exerted a negative inotropic effect, which was inhibited by nor-BNI, but apelin 20 showed a positive inotropic effect, which was resistant to this inhibition. Hypertension increased heterodimerization of the APJ and KOR and this was reduced by apelin 20. F13A, naloxone and PTX significantly reduced PERK in apelin 40 group, but F13A, naloxone, and chelerytrine significantly increased PERK in the apelin 20 group.<br /><em><strong>Conclusion:</strong> </em>The lowering effect of apelin 40 on MC and its non-effectiveness on APJ/KOR dimerization, while augmenting the contractility and reducing the dimerization by apelin 20 implies the APJ/KOR-related effects of apelin on the MC under acute reno-vascular hypertension. This may have potential clinical applications as apelin has been introduced as a potential therapeutic agent in heart failure and opioids are being currently used in the treatment of myocardial infarction.
Apelin receptors,Dimerization,Myocardium,Opioid receptors,Reno-vascular hypertension
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_11734.html
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_11734_10af629f070ae9d5002d3974617218b8.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
2008-3866
2008-3874
21
12
2018
12
01
Cinnamaldehyde improves methamphetamine-induced spatial learning and memory deficits and restores ERK signaling in the rat prefrontal cortex
1316
1321
EN
Mohammad
Saeed
School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
saeedm891@mums.ac.ir
Ameneh
Ghadiri
Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
ghadiria64@gmail.com
Farzin
Hadizadeh
0000-0002-7680-8191
Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
hadizadehf@mums.ac.ir
Armin
Attaranzadeh
Milad Infertility Center, Imam Reza Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
attaranza2@mums.ac.ir
Mohaddeseh Sadat
Alavi
Division of Neurocognitive Sciences, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
alavims213@mums.ac.ir
Leila
Etemad
0000-0002-2800-9395
Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
etemadl@mums.ac.ir
10.22038/ijbms.2018.35368.8427
<em><strong>Objective(s):</strong></em> Methamphetamine is a stimulant compound that penetrates readily into the central nervous system. Repeated exposure to methamphetamine leads to damage in the dopaminergic and serotonergic axons of selected brain regions. Previous studies showed that cinnamaldehyde improved memory impairment in animals. In the present study, we aimed to elucidate the effects of cinnamaldehyde on methamphetamine-induced memory impairment in rats. <br /><em><strong>Materials and Methods:</strong></em> Male Wistar rats received methamphetamine (10 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) for 7 days. Thirty minutes before each injection, animals were given cinnamaldehyde (20, 40, or 80 mg/kg) or rivastigmine (1 mg/kg). The spatial learning and memory were examined using the Morris water maze test. The expression of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) phosphorylation in the frontal cortex and hippocampus was also detected by immunohistochemical method.<br /><em><strong>Results:</strong></em> Administration of methamphetamine increased the latency to find the platform in the learning phase, while administration of cinnamaldehyde (40 mg/kg) or rivastigmine before methamphetamine reversed the increased latency. Administration of cinnamaldehyde, at the dose of 40 mg/kg with methamphetamine, increased the time and distance traveled in the target quadrant in comparison with the amphetamine group. Moreover, the methamphetamine and cinnamaldehyde-treated group had higher expression of phosphorylated ERK1/2 in the prefrontal cortex in comparison with the methamphetamine-treated animals.<br /><em><strong>Conclusion:</strong></em> The present data demonstrated that repeated METH administration impaired cognitive performance through the ERK pathway and decreased the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 in the prefrontal cortex while administration of cinnamaldehyde restored both effects. Accordingly, cinnamaldehyde may be a valuable therapeutic tool for the treatment of cognitive deficits associated with methamphetamine consumption.
Cinnamaldehyde,ERK1/2,Learning deficit,Memory deficit,Methamphetamine
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_11776.html
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_11776_34ca662a4091aa12022c9a0bb6e9fad2.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
2008-3866
2008-3874
21
12
2018
12
01
Histo-morphological and seminal evaluation of testicular parameters in diabetic rats under antiretroviral therapy: interactions with Hypoxis hemerocallidea
1322
1330
EN
Onanuga
Ismail
0000-0002-9552-7838
Discipline of Clinical Anatomy, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences. Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
onanugaismail@gmail.com
Jegede
Ayoola
Discipline of Clinical Anatomy, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences. Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
jegedeayoola@yahoo.co.uk
Ugochukwu
Offor
0000-0002-0805-229X
Discipline of Clinical Anatomy, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences. Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
ugochukwuoffor@yahoo.com
Ogedengbe
Oluwatosin
Discipline of Clinical Anatomy, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences. Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
tosinicprof@gmail.com
Naidu
Edwin
0000-0002-2691-4017
Discipline of Clinical Anatomy, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences. Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
naidue@ukzn.ac.za
Peter
Aniekan
0000-0002-1155-6368
Discipline of Clinical Anatomy, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences. Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
petera@ukzn.ac.za
Azu
Onyemaechi
Discipline of Clinical Anatomy, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences. Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
azu@ukzn.ac.za
10.22038/ijbms.2018.25046.6213
<em><strong>Objective(s):</strong></em> Broad range of metabolic changes associated with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has been reported over decades including reproductive perturbations. The current study aimed at investigating the role of Hypoxis hemerocallidea (Hyp) in the seminal and morphometric alterations in the testes of streptozotocin-nicotinamide-induced diabetic rats under HAART.<br /><em><strong>Materials and Methods:</strong></em> Sixty-two adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into A-H groups, containing 6 rats in the control group A and 8 rats in the treatment groups B-H. Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of nicotinamide (110 mg/kg BW) followed by streptozotocin (45 mg/kg BW). The animals were then subjected to various treatments with HAART, Hyp, and melatonin.<br /><em><strong>Results:</strong></em> weights (body and testicular), histological, histochemical, seminal fluid, and morphometric analyses were carried out. Sperm count and motility were reduced in HAART (P<0.05/0.003) and Hyp200 (P<.003) groups compared with normal and diabetic controls, respectively. Sperm count was higher (P<.003) in HAART+ Mel and HAART+Hyp100 groups. Morphometry showed the reduction in germinal epithelium height and basement membrane thickness (P<.003) in the Hyp100 group compared with diabetic controls. Adjuvant use of Hyp and melatonin with HAART did not significantly raise these indices (P>.05). Histological slides showed gross distortions in HAART, diabetic and HAART +Hyp groups with marked atrophy in tubules, germ cell loss and areas of focal depletion of the cell. PAS staining revealed detached basement membrane in diabetic groups with strong PAS-stain. <br /><em><strong>Conclusion:</strong></em> The use of Hyp or melatonin does not ameliorate the testicular damages in diabetic animals under antiretroviral therapy.
Experimental diabetes,HAART,Hypoxis hemerocallidea,Seminal fluid,Testis
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_11688.html
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_11688_a244fba3986a49c3b9af67f9c6d8ad2f.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
2008-3866
2008-3874
21
12
2018
12
01
Contributors (Peer Reviewers)
1331
1332
EN
10.22038/ijbms.2018.11735
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_11735.html
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_11735_d0ebb603f9d791b3af4285a6e95717bb.pdf