Effect of Morphine Withdrawal Syndrome on Cerebral Ischemia Outcome in Rats
Mohammad
Allahtavakoli
Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
author
Ruhollah
Moloudi
Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
author
Mohammad Ebrahim
Rezvani
Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
author
Ali
Shamsizadeh
Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
author
text
article
2011
eng
Objective(s)
Opioid abuse is still remained a major mental health problem, a criminal legal issue and may cause ischemic brain changes including stroke and brain edema. In the present study, we investigated whether spontaneously withdrawal syndrome might affect stroke outcomes.
Materials and Methods
Addiction was induced by progressive incremental doses of morphine over 7 days. Behavioral signs of withdrawal were observed 24, 48 and 72 hr after morphine deprivation and total withdrawal score was determined. Cerebral ischemia was induced 18-22 hr after the last morphine injection by placing a natural clot into the middle cerebral artery (MCA). Neurological deficits were evaluated at 2, 24 and 48 hr after ischemia induction, and infarct size and brain edema were determined at 48 hr after stroke.
Results
Morphine withdrawal animals showed a significant increase in total withdrawal score and decrease of weight gain during the 72 hr after the last morphine injection. Compared to the addicted and control animals, infarct volume and brain edema were significantly increased in the morphine deprived animals (P< 0.05) at 48 hr after cerebral ischemia. Also, neurological deficits were higher in the morphine-withdrawn rats at 48 hr after stroke (P< 0.05).
Conclusion
Our data indicates that spontaneous withdrawal syndrome may worsen stroke outcomes. Further investigations are necessary to elucidate mechanisms of opiate withdrawal syndrome on stroke.
Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
2008-3866
14
v.
1
no.
2011
1
8
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_4945_5af6302caa4413c66fc710ad72e8414b.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22038/ijbms.2011.4945
The Laxative and Prokinetic Effects of Rosa damascena Mill in Rats
Reza
Arezoomandan
Department of Physiology, School of Basic Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran
author
Hamid Reza
Kazerani
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran
author
Morteza
Behnam-Rasooli
Department of Physiology, School of Basic Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran
author
text
article
2011
eng
Objective(s) This study was aimed to assess the possible laxative and prokinetic effects of the boiled extract of Rosa damascena. Materials and Methods Rats in two groups (n= 7) of test and control were gavaged either with the extract or placebo, respectively. The number, weight and water percentage of feces were studied up to 24 hr. In order to assess the possible osmotic laxative effects of the drug, the jejunum in anesthetized rats (n= 7) was randomly divided into 4 cm segments and 0.5 ml of the extract, lactulose or saline was injected in each segment. The volumes of the contents in each segment were measured after 1 hr. In order to assess the intestinal transit time, fasting rats were gavaged with either the extract or placebo. Thirty minutes following the last medication, all rats were gavaged with phenol red and methyl cellulose (1.5 ml). The test and the control rats, in groups of 4, were sacrificed at 30 min, 1, 2 and 4 hr, and the amounts of the phenol red in various parts of the gastrointestinal tract were measured. Results Boiled extract of R. damascena significantly increased feces number and its percentage of water, but had no effects on the transit time of intestinal ingesta. The volume of the contents in jejunum segments had significantly increased with the extract or lactulose compared to placebo. Conclusion Boiled extract of R. damascena apparently exerts its laxative effects, at least in part, via osmotic infiltration of fluids into the intestine.
Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
2008-3866
14
v.
1
no.
2011
9
16
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_4948_22215c29ff45c20957241aba0cc9d3a1.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22038/ijbms.2011.4948
Evaluation of Porin Interaction with Adenine Nucleotide Translocase and Cyclophilin-D Proteins after Brain Ischemia and Reperfusion
Mohammad Ali
Atlasi
Anatomical Sciences Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
author
Jose Luis
Perez Velazquez
Department of Neurology and Pediatrics, the Hospital for Sick Children, Brain and Behavior Programme,
University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
author
text
article
2011
eng
Objective (s) Porin is a mitochondrial outer membrane channel, which usually functions as the pathway for the movement of various substances in and out of the mitochondria and is considered to be a component of the permeability transition (PT) pore complex that plays a role in the PT. We addressed the hypothesis that porin interacts with other mitochondrial proteins after ischemic injury. Materials and Methods For this purpose, we used in vivo 4-vessel occlusion model of rat brain and porin purification method by hydroxyapatite column. After SDS gel electrophoresis and silver nitrate staining, Western blotting was done for porin, adenine nucleotide translocase and cyclophilin-D proteins. Results Porin was purified from mitochondrial mixture in ischemic brain and control groups. Investigation of interaction of adenine nucleotide transposes (ANT) and cyclophilin-D with porin by Western blotting showed no proteins co-purified with porin from injured tissues. Conclusion The present study implies that there may not be interaction between porin, and ANT or cyclophilin-D, and if there is any, it is not maintained during the purification procedure.
Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
2008-3866
14
v.
1
no.
2011
17
24
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_4951_9f9c69a1010a2eb6d67066b4c2d0bb0a.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22038/ijbms.2011.4951
Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived from Rat Epicardial Versus Epididymal Adipose Tissue
Mohamadreza
Baghaban Eslaminejad
Department of Stem Cell and Developmental Biology, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, Iranian
Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Tehran, Iran
author
Soura
Mardpour
Department of Developmental Biology, University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran
author
Marzieh
Ebrahimi
Department of Stem Cell and Developmental Biology, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, Iranian
Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Tehran, Iran
author
text
article
2011
eng
Objective(s) Some investigation has indicated that adipose-derived stem cells possess different surface epitopes and differentiation potential according to the localization of fat pad from which the cells were derived. In the present study proliferation capacity and aging of such cells were explored. Materials and Methods Adherent cells were isolated from the collagenase digests of adipose tissues excised from rat epicardial and epididymal regions and propagated with several subcultures. The cells were then investigated whether or not they were able to differentiate into bone, cartilage and adipose cell lineages. Studied cells from two adipose tissues were also compared with respect to their in vitro proliferation capacity. The presence of senescent cells in the culture was determined and compared using senescence-associated (SA) ß-galactosidase staining method. Results Successful differentiations of the cells were indicative of their mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) identity. Epicardial adipose-derived cells tended to have a short population doubling time (45±9.6 hr) than the epididymal adipose-derived stem cells (69±16 hr, P< 0.05). Colonogenic activity and the growth curve characteristics were all better in the culture of stem cells derived from epicardial compared to epididymal adipose tissue. Comparatively more percentage of senescent cells was present at the cultures derived from epididymal adipose tissue (P< 0.05). Conclusion Our data emphasize on the differences existed between the stem cells derived from adipose depots of different anatomical sites in terms of their proliferative capacity and in vitro aging. Such data can help understand varying results reported by different laboratories involved in adipose stem cell investigations.
Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
2008-3866
14
v.
1
no.
2011
25
34
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_4952_d9b84fd2b689c2468382b1d4ad329c4c.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22038/ijbms.2011.4952
Lectin Histochemical Study of Vasculogenesis During Rat Pituitary Morphogenesis
Ali Reza
Ebrahimzadeh Bideskan
Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
author
Mohammad Mehdi
Hassanzadeh Taheri
Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
author
Mohammad Reza
Nikravesh
Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
author
Ali Reza
Fazel
Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
author
text
article
2011
eng
Objective(s)
The aim of this study was to investigate glycoconjugates distribution patterns as well as their changes during the course of pituitary portal vasculogenesis and angiogenesis.
Materials and Methods
Formalin fixed paraffin sections of 10 to 20 days of Sprague Dawly rat fetuses were processed for histochemical studies using four different horseradish peroxidase (HRP) conjugated lectins. Orange peel fungus (OFA), Vicica villosa (VVA), Glycine max (SBA) and Wistaria floribunda (WFA) specific for α-L Fucose, D-Gal, α, ß-D-GalNAc and D- GalNAc terminal sugars of glycoconjugates respectively.
Results
Our finding indicated that adenohypophysal cells reacted with OFA on gestational day 10 (E10) and increased progressively to E14. Staining intensity did not change from days 14 to17, then after increased following days to E20 significantly (P< 0.05). A few cells around Rathke’s pouch reacted with VVA on E13, increased to E14 and decreased significantly afterward (P< 0.05). Reaction of some cells around Rathke’s pouch reacted with SBA on E14. This visible reaction was the same as E18 and decreased later (P< 0.05). Many cells around Rathke’s pouch reacted with WFA on E13 and increased on E 14 and E15 and decreased thereafter (P< 0.05).
Conclusion
Reactions of OFA and other tested lectins with endothelial cells around Rathke’s pouch and developing pars distalis were different. These results suggest that embryonic origin of hypophiseal pituitary portal (HPP) system endothelial cells are not the same and our finding also indicated that glycoconjugates with terminal sugars α-L-Fucose, D-Gal, α, ß-D-GalNAc may play critical role(s) in cell interactions and tissue differentiations such as vasculogensis and angiogenesis as well as other developmental precursors in formation of the pituitary gland.
Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
2008-3866
14
v.
1
no.
2011
35
41
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_4953_53e70f742672227f6a4b6a85391f2ce2.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22038/ijbms.2011.4953
The Effect of Chronic Administration of Aegle Marmelos Seed Extract on Learning and Memory in Diabetic Rats
Amir
Farshchi
School of Pharmacy, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
author
Golbarg
Ghiasi
School of Pharmacy, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
author
Samireh
Farshchi
Department of otolaryngology, Amiralam Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
author
Amin
Taleb Ghobadi
School of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khoramabad, Iran
author
text
article
2011
eng
Objective(s)
Diabetes mellitus is associated with disturbances of learning and memory and cognitive functioning. Aegle marmelos Corr. from Rutaceae family is widely used in Iranian folk medicine for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. Considering the beneficial antidiabetic and antioxidant potential of A. marmelos, this study was conducted to evaluate the effect of oral administration of A. marmelos on learning and spatial memory in diabetic rats using Morris water maze test.
Materials and Methods
Considering the beneficial antidiabetic potential of A. marmelos, this study was conducted to evaluate the effect of chronic oral administration of A. marmelos as cognitive enhancer, on learning and spatial memory in diabetic rats using Morris water maze test. Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into normal-control, diabetic-control, and A. marmelos-treated diabetic groups (100, 250 and 500 mg/kg, p.o.). Animals were treated for 4 weeks by A. marmelos or normal saline. Diabetes was induced by a single dose i.p. injection of streptozotocin (45 mg/kg). In each group of animals, spatial learning and memory parameters were analyzed.
Results
Clear impairment of spatial learning and memory was observed in diabetic group versus normal-control group. A. marmelos showed dose dependent improvement in spatial learning and memory parameters that swimming time (Escape Latency) in normal-control and A. marmelos-treated diabetic animals rats was significantly (P< 0.01) lower than diabetic-control, while swimming speed was significantly (P< 0.05) higher.
Conclusion
The study demonstrated that A. marmelos has significant protective affect against diabetes-induced spatial learning and memory deficits. This effect could be attributed to hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic and antioxidant activity of A. marmelos.
Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
2008-3866
14
v.
1
no.
2011
42
48
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_4954_de999b2cd7bb3b5794a669289010fbca.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22038/ijbms.2011.4954
Effect of Curcumin on Doxorubicin-induced Cytotoxicity in H9c2 Cardiomyoblast Cells
Leila
Hosseinzadeh
Medical Toxicology Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
author
Javad
Behravan
Biotechnology Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
author
Fatemeh
Mosaffa
Biotechnology Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
author
Gholamreza
Bahrami
Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
author
Ahmad Reza
Bahrami
Faculty of Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
author
Gholamreza
Karimi
Medical Toxicology Research Centre, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
author
text
article
2011
eng
Objective(s)
Doxorubicin (DOX), a widely used chemotherapeutic agent can give rise to serve cardiotoxicity by inducing apoptosis. Curcumin, the active compound of the rhizome of Curcuma longa L. has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-proliferative activities. Curcumin has been identified to increase cytotoxicity in several cancer cell lines in combination with DOX, but there is no study about its effect and DOX on normal cardiac cells. Therefore, in the present study, we evaluated the effect of curcumin on apoptosis induced by DOX in H9c2 rat heart-derived cells.
Materials and Methods
Cell viability was determined by MTT assay. Also, activation of caspase-3 was evaluated by spectrophotometry. Quantitative real time RT-PCR was used to evaluate the expression of c-IAP1. Detection of intracellular DOX accumulation was performed by flow cytometry.
Results
No toxicity observed when the cells exposed for 1 hr to different concentrations of curcumin, but pretreatment of cells with curcumin increased cytotoxicity of DOX in a dose dependent manner. Analysis of caspase-3 activation showed that curcumin pretreatment increased caspase-3 activation. RT-PCR analysis clearly showed that curcumin significantly decreased mRNA gene expression of c-IAP1 compared to cells treated with DOX alone. Pretreatment of H9c2 cells with DOX and curcumin had no effect on the intracellular accumulation of DOX.
Conclusion
Our observations indicated that subtoxic concentrations of curcumin sensitize H9c2 cells to DOX-induce apoptosis. These results suggest that the use of curcumin in combination with DOX in malignancy must be reevaluated.
Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
2008-3866
14
v.
1
no.
2011
49
56
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_4964_c94c71b2dcea6f49338dc35a67cfbdb2.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22038/ijbms.2011.4964
Design of Agglomerated Crystals of Ibuprofen During Crystallization: Influence of Surfactant
Maryam
Maghsoodi
Drug applied Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
author
Leila
Barghi
School of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
author
text
article
2011
eng
Objective(s)
Ibuprofen is a problematic drug in tableting, and dissolution due to its poor solubility, hydrophobicity, and tendency to stick to surface. Because of the bad compaction behavior ibuprofen has to be granulated usually before tableting. However, it would be more satisfactory to obtain directly during the crystallization step crystalline particles that can be directly compressed and quickly dissolved.
Materials and Methods
Crystallization of ibuprofen was carried out using the quasi emulsion solvent diffusion method in presence of surfactant (sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS), Tween 80). The particles were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), powder X-ray diffraction (XRPD) and were evaluated for particle size, flowability, drug release and tableting behavior.
Results
Ibuprofen particles obtained in the presence of surfactants consisted of numerous plate- shaped crystals which had agglomerated together as near spherical shape. The obtained agglomerates exhibited significantly improved micromeritic properties as well as tableting behavior than untreated drug crystals. The agglomerates size and size distribution was largely controlled by surfactant concentration, but there was no significant influence found on the tableting properties. The dissolution tests showed that the agglomerates obtained in presence of SLS exhibited enhanced dissolution rate while the agglomerates made in the presence of Tween 80 had no significant impact on dissolution rate of ibuprofen in comparison to untreated sample. The XRPD and DSC results showed that during the agglomeration process, ibuprofen did not undergo any polymorphic changes.
Conclusion
The study highlights the influence of surfactants on crystallization process leading to modified performance.
Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
2008-3866
14
v.
1
no.
2011
57
66
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_4965_1a5b9607b0d34c08ad089dedd14a4b41.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22038/ijbms.2011.4965
Effect of Matricaria aurea (Loefl.) Shultz-Bip. Hydroalcoholic Extract on Acetic Acid-Induced Acute Colitis in Rats
Mohsen
Minaiyan
Department of Pharmacology and Isfahan Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
author
Nasrollah
ghassemi-Dehkordi
Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical
Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
author
Parvin
Mahzouni
Department of Clinical Pathology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
author
Meysam
Ansari-Roknabady
author
text
article
2011
eng
Objective(s)
Matricaria aurea is found abundant in Iran and has large similarities in constituents especially essential oils, flavones and flavonoides as well as traditional uses to the main species; Matricaria recutita L. Anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and spasmolytic properties of the main species suggest that this plant may have beneficial effects on inflammatory bowel diseases so the present study was carried out.
Materials and Methods
Hydroalcoholic extract of plant with doses of 200, 400, 800 mg/kg were administered orally (p.o.) for 5 days and rectally (i.r.) (400 and 800 mg/kg) at 15 and 2 hr before ulcer induction. To induce colitis, 2 ml of acetic acid 4% was instilled intra-colonically to separate groups of male Wistar rats (n= 6). Normal saline (2 ml), prednisolone (4 mg/kg) and hydrocortisone acetate (20 mg/kg) enema were administered to control and reference groups respectively. The tissue injures were assessed macroscopically and histopathologically.
Results
Greater doses of extract (400 and 800 mg/kg) reduced colon weight/length ratio (P< 0.01) and the highest test dose (800 mg/kg p.o. or i.r.) was effective to decrease tissue damage parameters including ulcer severity, area and index (P< 0.01) as well as inflammation severity and extent, crypt damage and total colitis index (P< 0.01) significantly.
Conclusion
It is concluded that Matricaria aurea extract was effective to protect against acute colitis in acetic acid model and this effect was more significant with the greater doses administered orally or rectally. Further studies are warranted to ascertain the mechanisms that are involved and the responsible active constituents.
Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
2008-3866
14
v.
1
no.
2011
67
74
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_4966_74b7aa6e8338ad642c2bd30658780140.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22038/ijbms.2011.4966
Effects of Chronic Oral Administration of Natural Honey on Ischemia/Reperfusion-induced Arrhythmias in Isolated Rat Heart
Moslem
Najafi
Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy and Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Tabriz
University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
author
Elnaz
Shaseb
School of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
author
Saba
Ghaffary
School of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
author
Ashraf
Fakhrju
Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
author
Tahereh
Eteraf Oskouei
School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
author
text
article
2011
eng
Objective(s)
In this study, effects of chronic administration of oral natural honey against ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)- induced cardiac arrhythmias were investigated in isolated rat heart.
Materials and Methods
Male Wistar rats were divided into four groups (n= 10-14 rats in each group) and fed with natural honey (1%, 2% and 4% dissolved in the drinking water) for 45 days except for the control group. After anesthesia, the rats’ hearts were isolated quickly, mounted on a Langendorff apparatus and perfused with a modified Krebs-Henseleit solution during stabilization, 30 min regional ischemia followed by 30 min reperfusion. The ECGs were recorded throughout the experiments to analyze cardiac arrhythmias based on the Lambeth conventions.
Results
In the ischemic phase, honey (1%) significantly reduced (P<0.05) the number and duration of ventricular tachycardia (VT). Honey (1% and 2%) also significantly decreased number of ventricular ectopic beats (VEBs). In addition, incidence and duration of reversible ventricular fibrillation (Rev VF) were lowered by honey 2% (P<0.05). During reperfusion time, VT incidence was 73% in the control group, however natural honey (1%) decreased it to 22% (P<0.05). Honey also produced significant reduction in the incidences of total VF, Rev VF, duration and number of VT.
Conclusion
For the first time, the results of present study demonstrated protective effects of chronic oral honey administration against I/R-induced arrhythmias in isolated rat heart. Antioxidant activity, the existence of energy sources such as glucose and fructose and improvement of some hemodynamic functions might be responsible for these effects.
Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
2008-3866
14
v.
1
no.
2011
75
81
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_4967_56e373762d43538d6bea7fa1c2768c92.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22038/ijbms.2011.4967
The Effect of Linear PEI on Characteristics and Transfection Efficiency of PEI-Based Cationic Nanoliposomes
Mohammad
Ramezani
Pharmaceutical Research Centre, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
author
Bizhan
Malaekeh-Nikouei
Nanotechnology Research Centre, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
author
Tahreh
Khakshoor
Nanotechnology Research Centre, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
author
Mohammad
Malaekeh-Nikouei
Pharmaceutical Research Centre, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
author
text
article
2011
eng
The development of efficient and safe carrier system to transfer DNA into cells is essential in non-viral gene therapy. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of linear polyetheneimine (lPEI) (2500 Da) on the physicochemical and biological properties of lipopolyplexes constructed from liposomes and lPEI.
Materials and Methods
Different lipopolymers were synthesized from lPEI and acrylate derivatives. Nanocarriers were composed of the lipids (DOPE, DPPE and DOTAP) and the synthesized lipopolymers. After characterization of the prepared vectors by determination of size and zeta potential, transfection activity was tested in Neuro2A cells. Ethidium bromide and MTT test were used to evaluate the DNA condensation ability and cytotoxicity of vectors, respectively.
Results
Vector’s size ranged from 95 to 337 nm and they had positive charge. The differences in DNA binding properties of lipopolyplexes were not significant. Among lipids, DOTAP showed better impact on transfection efficiency. The highest transfection activity was achieved by liposomal formulation consist of DOTAP and lipopolymer composed of lPEI and hexyl acrylate. The lipopolyplexes showed minimum cytotoxicity to the cultured cells in vitro.
Conclusion
The results of study confirmed that it is possible to improve gene expression using lipopolyplexes.
Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
2008-3866
14
v.
1
no.
2011
82
88
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_4968_c0f2cd5169341147dcd51c5ae9ade086.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22038/ijbms.2011.4968
The Effect of MS14 on Production of Pro-inflammatory Cytokines by Macrophages
Roya
Yaraee
Department of Immunology, Medical School and Medicinal Plant Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
author
Nayere
Askari
Department of biology, faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University, Kerman, Iran
author
Mohsen
Naseri
Department of Pharmacology and Department of Iranian Traditional Medicine, Medical School, Shahed University,
Tehran, Iran
author
text
article
2011
eng
Objective(s)
Using herbal medicines as a complementary treatment method is increasing in wide variety of diseases. MS14-an herbal-marine preparation-is reported to have anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities; however, the mechanism underlying its therapeutic effect is not known. Macrophages play an important role in host defense mechanisms and carry out their role by producing various mediators including proinflammatory cytokines (TNFα, IL-1β). In this study the effects of orally administered MS14 on TNFα and IL-1β production of BALB/c mice peritoneal macrophages were evaluated.
Materials and Methods
MS14 at 100 mg/kg was orally administered for 5 days to BALB/c mice in MS14 group. Sterile normal
saline was administered to mice in control group. Peritoneal macrophage were isolated from control and MS14 groups and cultured, then the supernatants were collected and the cytokines IL-1β and TNFα were measured by ELISA test.
Results
Significant decrease in TNFα and IL-1β production of macrophages both at the presence and absence of stimulators was observed. TNFα levels were 64.7±4.6 and 51.1±4.2 pg/ml in drug and control groups respectively (P< 0.05) and 298.7±31.3 and 177.0±26.5 pg/ml in stimulated (PMA+fMLP) cultures of drug and control groups respectively (P< 0.007). The IL-1β levels was 130.1±2.8 pg/ml in control and 65.1±5.6 in MS14 group (P< 0.000).
Conclusion
It could be concluded that MS14 is able to cause a decline in some inflammatory responses of immune system, which could be considered as at least one of its immunomodulatory mechanisms.
Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
2008-3866
14
v.
1
no.
2011
89
93
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_4969_24a86427859fb75f3e275fd5e733fd23.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22038/ijbms.2011.4969
Relaxatory Effect of Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) is Mediated by Same Pathway in Diabetic and Normal Rat Mesenteric Bed vessel
Leila
Farsi
Department of Basic Sciences, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
author
Mansoor
Keshavarz
Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
author
Nepton
Soltani
Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
author
text
article
2011
eng
Objective(s)
Diabetes related dysfunction of resistance vessels is associated with vascular occlusive diseases. Vasorelaxant agents may have a role in control of diabetic cardiovascular complications. Gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) has demonstrated to cause vasorelaxation. The present study was designed to determine i) the vasorelaxatory effect of GABA on diabetic vessels and ii) the role of endothelium in GABAinduced vasorelaxation.
Materials and Methods
After Diabetes induction,. Mesenteric arteries of animals were perfused. Vascular beds were constrictedwith phenylephrine. GABA (1 to 50 μM) was added into the medium and perfusion pressure was then recorded.
Results
In all groups of animals, relaxant response to GABA in mesenteric bed appeared. Although diabetes induction did not change mesenteric bed response to GABA, denuded vessels showed a reduced response to GABA both in control and diabetic animals.
Conclusion
GABA can induce endothelium dependent vasorelaxation in mesenteric vessels in normal and diabetic rats.
Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
2008-3866
14
v.
1
no.
2011
94
98
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_4970_ff38d3d91d45d6288b163cbb013d787c.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22038/ijbms.2011.4970