ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Therapeutic effects of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) and its active constituents on nervous system disorders
Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) is an evergreen bushy shrub which grows along the Mediterranean Sea, and sub-Himalayan areas. In folk medicine, it has been used as an antispasmodic, mild analgesic, to cure intercostal neuralgia, headaches, migraine, insomnia emotional upset, and depression. Different investigations have highlighted rosemary neuropharmacological properties as their main topics. Rosemary has significant antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-apoptotic, anti-tumorigenic, antinociceptive, and neuroprotective properties. Furthermore, it shows important clinical effects on mood, learning, memory, pain, anxiety, and sleep. The aim of the current work is to review the potential neuropharmacological effects of different rosemary extracts and its active constituents on nervous system disorders, their relevant mechanisms and its preclinical application to recall the therapeutic potential of this herb and more directions of future research projects. The data were gathered by searching the English articles in PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Web of Science. The keywords used as search terms were ‘Rosmarinus officinalis’, ‘rosemary’, ‘nervous system’, ‘depression’, ‘memory’, ‘Alzheimer’s disease’ ‘epilepsy’, ‘addiction’, ‘neuropathic pain’, and ‘disorders’. All kinds of related articles, abstracts and books were included. No time limitation was considered. Both in vitro and in vivo studies were subjected to this investigation. This review authenticates that rosemary has appeared as a worthy source for curing inflammation, analgesic, anti-anxiety, and memory boosting. It also arranges new perception for further investigations on isolated constituents, especially carnosic acid, rosmarinic acid, and essential oil to find exquisite therapeutics and support drug discovery with fewer side effects to help people suffering from nervous system disorders.
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_15705_a9abf2c1cf4e9cf81095f88315336f4c.pdf
2020-09-01
1100
1112
10.22038/ijbms.2020.45269.10541
Addiction
Anticonvulsant
Antinociceptive
Neurodegenerative disease
Nervous system
Neuroprotective
Rosmarinus officinalis
Mahboobeh
Ghasemzadeh Rahbardar
ghasemzadeh_mahboobeh@yahoo.com
1
Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Hossein
Hosseinzadeh
hosseinzadehh@mums.ac.ir
2
Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Potential protective roles of phytochemicals on glutamate-induced neurotoxicity: A review
Glutamate, as an essential neurotransmitter, has been thought to have different roles in the central nervous system (CNS), including nerve regeneration, synaptogenesis, and neurogenesis. Excessive glutamate causes an up-regulation of the multiple signaling pathways, including phosphoinositide-3 kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt), Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) protein, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2, and autophagy that are involved in neurodegenerative diseases pathophysiology. There are numerous findings on curcumin, astaxanthin, thymoquinone, and berberine, as natural products, which have outstanding effects in cell signaling far beyond their anti-oxidant activity, considering as a potential therapeutic target for glutamate excitotoxicity. Herein, we address the role of glutamate as a potential target in neurodegenerative diseases and discuss the protective effects of certain phytochemicals on glutamate-induced neurotoxicity.
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_16121_6603b8d1fa139ae09a726be3c3a187ae.pdf
2020-09-01
1113
1123
10.22038/ijbms.2020.43687.10259
Excitotoxicity
Glutamate
Neurotransmitter
Neurodegenerative disorders
Phytochemicals
Amir R.
Afshari
amirreza.afshari2@gmail.com
1
Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
AUTHOR
Sahar
Fanoudi
fanoudis922@mums.ac.ir
2
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Arezoo
Rajabian
rajabiar@mums.ac.ir
3
Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Hamid Reza
Sadeghnia
sadeghniahr@mums.ac.ir
4
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Hamid
Mollazadeh
hamidmollazadeh1984@gmail.com
5
Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
AUTHOR
Azar
Hosseini
hoseiniaz@mums.ac.ir
6
Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
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127
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Glutamine relieves oxidative stress through PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in DSS-induced ulcerative colitis mice
Objective(s): Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a kind of complex immune disease, and a major cause of destruction of intestinal barrier and oxidative stress in this field. In this paper, glutamine (Gln) was believed to offer protection against oxidative stress injury in colitis mice.Materials and Methods: Thirty mice were randomly assigned into control, model, LY294002 (PI3K/Akt inhibitor), Gln, Gln+LY294002 and 5-Aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) groups. The mice in the experimental group drank 4% dextran sulfate sodium salt (DSS) for 7 consecutive days. The protective effect of Gln on oxidative stress was quantified by keeping colitis mice, involving Phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/Protein kinase B (Akt)/mammalian target of Rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway, with different medications or distilled water through intragastric administration for 10 consecutive days.Results: In vivo administration of Gln, LY294002 or 5-ASA was found to ameliorate the symptoms of colitis in mice, such as reduced growth, loose stools and stool bleeding; protected DSS-induced colitis mice from goblet cell loss, lymphocytosis, mucosal erosion, loss of crypts, and neutrophil infiltration; improved the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-XP); decreased the content of malondialdehyde (MDA); and inhibited the activation of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.Conclusion: Administration of Gln to the DSS-induced colitis mice led to a clearly reduction in oxidative stress-induced injury. The Gln is confirmed as inhibiting the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway activity.
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_15985_9df47ff70c813fdffadadbfbab166df0.pdf
2020-09-01
1124
1129
10.22038/ijbms.2020.39815.9436
Colitis
Glutamine
mTOR protein
Oxidative stress
Protein kinase B
Shuguang
Yan
fengybiology@sina.com
1
College of Basic Medicine, the Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712046, P.R. China
AUTHOR
Yi
Hui
drhy1982@126.com
2
College of Basic Medicine, the Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712046, P.R. China
AUTHOR
Jingtao
Li
lijingtao555@163.com
3
Department of Liver Diseases, the Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712020, P.R. China
AUTHOR
Xiaofan
Xu
xuxiaofan1987@126.com
4
Medical Experiment Center, the Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, 712046, P.R. China
AUTHOR
Qian
Li
86888694@qq.com
5
Medical Experiment Center, the Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, 712046, P.R. China
AUTHOR
Hailiang
Wei
whlxianyang@163.com
6
Departments of General Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712020, Shaanxi, P.R. China
LEAD_AUTHOR
1. Kumar VL, Pandey A, Verma S, Das P. Protection afforded by methanol extract of Calotropis procera latex in experimental model of colitis is mediated through inhibition of oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory signaling. Biomed Pharmacother 2019;109:1602-1609.
1
2. Li X, Song P, Li J, Tao Y, Li G, Li X, et al. The disease burden and clinical characteristics of inflammatory bowel disease in the chinese population: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2017;14:238-250.
2
3. Almeer RS, Mahmoud SM, Amin HK, Abdel Moneim AE. Ziziphus spina-christi fruit extract suppresses oxidative stress and p38 MAPK expression in ulcerative colitis in rats via induction of Nrf2 and HO-1 expression. Food Chem Toxicol 2018;115:49-62.
3
4. Carillon J, Rouanet JM, Cristol JP, Brion R. Superoxide dismutase administration, a potential therapy against oxidative stress related diseases: Several routes of supplementation and proposal of an original mechanism of action. Pharm Res 2013;30:2718-2728.
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5. Yan H, Wang H, Zhang X, Li X, Yu J. Ascorbic acid ameliorates oxidative stress and inflammation in dextran sulfate sodium-induced ulcerative colitis in mice. Inter J Cli Exp Med 2015;8:20245-20253.
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6. Dos Santos GG, Hastreiter AA, Sartori T, Borelli P, Fock RA. L-Glutamine in vitro modulates some immunomodulatory properties of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Stem Cell Rev 2017;13:1-9.
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7. Wang J, Li Y, Qi Y. Effect of glutamine-enriched nutritional support on intestinal mucosal barrier function, MMP-2, MMP-9 and immune function in patients with advanced gastric cancer during perioperative chemotherapy. Oncol Lett 2017;14:3606-3610.
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8. Cheng Y, Jing W, Min X, Wang SR. Effect of glutamine nutrition support on the intestinal mucosal barrier function and inflammatory response in patients with severe acute pancreatitis. J Hainan Med Univ 2017;23:867-873.
8
9. Song HY, Gastroenterology DO. Changes in intestinal mucosal barrier function in patients with liver diseases:effect of glutamine intervention. World Chinese J Digestol 2009;17:2798-2802.
9
10. Mustafa K, Sabahattin V, Erkan D, Turan T, Secil A, Cihan M, et al. Enteral glutamine and/or arginine supplementation have favorable effects on oxidative stress parameters in neonatal rat intestine. J Pediatr Gastr Nutr 2009;49:85-89.
10
11. Gong ZY, Yuan ZQ, Dong ZW, Peng YZ. Glutamine with probiotics attenuates intestinal inflammation and oxidative stress in a rat burn injury model through altered iNOS gene aberrant methylation. Am J Transl Res 2017;9:2535-2547.
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12. Gardiner KR, Rowlands BJ. Efficacy of glutamine-enriched enteral nutrition in an experimental model of mucosal ulcerative colitis. Brit J Surg 2010;82:749-751.
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13. Yue Z, Chunmei Z, Ying H, Yang Y, Rong L, Min L, et al. Up-regulated expression of WNT5a increases inflammation and oxidative stress via PI3K/AKT/NF-κB signaling in the granulosa cells of PCOS patients. J Clin Endocr Metab 2015;100:201-211.
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14. Setia S, Nehru B, Sanyal SN. Upregulation of MAPK/Erk and PI3K/Akt pathways in ulcerative colitis-associated colon cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2014;68:1023-1029.
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15. Xiao LH, Jin X, Xiao HZ, Bo YQ, Lan P, Meng Z, et al. PI3K/Akt signaling pathway is involved in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis. Inflamm Res 2011;60:727-734.
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16. Wang D, Zhang Y, Yang S, Zhao D, Wang M. A polysaccharide from cultured mycelium of Hericium erinaceus relieves ulcerative colitis by counteracting oxidative stress and improving mitochondrial function. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 125:572-579.
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17. Hong Z, Piao M. Effect of quercetin monoglycosides on oxidative stress and gut microbiota diversity in mice with dextran sodium sulphate-induced colitis. Biomed res int 2018;2018:8343052.
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18. Tan Y, Zheng C. Effects of alpinetin on intestinal barrier function, inflammation and oxidative stress in dextran sulfate sodium-induced ulcerative colitis mice. Am J Med Sci 2018;355:377-386.
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21. Shi L, Dai Y, Jia B, Han Y, Guo Y, Xie T, et al. The inhibitory effects of Qingchang Wenzhong granule on the interactive network of inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in rats with dextran sulfate sodium‐induced colitis. J Cell Biochem 2018; 120: 1-13.
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26. Shi L, Dai Y, Jia B, Han Y, Guo Y, Xie T, et al. The inhibitory effects of Qingchang Wenzhong granule on the interactive network of inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in rats with dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis. J Cell Biochem 2019;120:9979-9991.
26
27. Yang Z, Yin R, Cong Y, Yang Z, Zhou E, Wei Z, et al. Oxymatrine lightened the inflammatory response of lps-induced mastitis in mice through affecting NF-κB and MAPKs signaling pathways. Inflammation 2014;37:2047-2055.
27
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32
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Does gallic acid improve cardiac function by attenuation of oxidative stress and inflammation in an elastase-induced lung injury?
Objective(s): Cardiovascular disease has an important role in mortality caused by lung injury. Emphysema is associated with impaired pulmonary gas exchange efficiency and airflow limitation associated with small airway inflammation. The aim was to evaluate the interactions between lung injury, inflammation, and cardiovascular disease. Since gallic acid has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, we hypothesized that gallic acid protects the lung and the related heart dysfunction in elastase-induced lung injury. Materials and Methods: Forty-eight Sprague-Dawley male rats were randomly divided into six groups: Control, Porcine pancreatic elastase (PPE) , PPE+GA, and 3 groups for different doses of gallic acid (GA 7.5, GA 15, GA 30 mg/kg). PPE was injected intra-tracheally on days 1 and 10 of the test. In each group, electrocardiography, hemodynamic parameters, oxidative stress, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were examined.Results: PPE administration showed a decrease in HR and QRS voltage of electrocardiogram parameters, as well as in hemodynamic parameters (P<0.05, P<0.01, and P<0.001) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) (P<0.05). Tumor Necrosis Factor α (TNF-α) (P<0.001), interleukin 6 (IL-6) (P<0.001), interleukin 6 (MDA) (P<0.001), and the total number of white blood cells (P<0.001) showed an increase in PPE groups. Gallic acid preserved the values of hemodynamic properties, oxidative stress, inflammation, and electrocardiogram parameters in comparison to the PPE group.Conclusion: Briefly, this study showed the valuable effect of gallic acid in cardiac dysfunction related to elastase-induced lung injury. These findings suggested that gallic acid, as a natural antioxidant, has a potential therapeutic effect on preventing oxidative stress, inflammation, and subsequent cardiovascular disease.
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_16140_e75956550ee458d5021915ba53036a50.pdf
2020-09-01
1130
1138
10.22038/ijbms.2020.46427.10721
Cardiovascular Disease
Gallic acid
Hemodynamic parameters
Inflammation
Lung injury
PPE
Rat
Farzaneh
Sohrabi
sohrabif69@gmail.com
1
Department of Physiology, Physiology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
AUTHOR
Mahin
Dianat
dianat@ajums.ac.ir
2
Department of Physiology, Physiology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mohammad
Badavi
badavim@yahoo.com
3
Department of Physiology, Physiology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
AUTHOR
Maryam
Radan
radan.maryam@yahoo.com
4
Department of Physiology, Physiology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
AUTHOR
Seyyed Ali
Mard
alimard77@gmail.com
5
Department of Physiology, Physiology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
AUTHOR
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71
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Naphthoquinones from Handroanthus impetiginosus promote skin wound healing through Sirt3 regulation
Objective(s): Lapachone is a natural naphthoquinone-derived compound found in Tabebuia avellanedae. It is well-known for its analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, diuretic, and anti-cancerous effects. However, the wound-healing effects of this compound are not known yet. The aim of this study was to investigate the wound healing activity of naphthoquinones (α-lapachone and β-lapachone) from Handroanthus impetiginosus. Materials and Methods: Expression of Sirt3, migration-related proteins (Rac1, Cdc42, α-Pak) and angiogenesis-related protein of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was monitored using western blot analysis. Blood vessel formation and tissue development were monitored by angiogenesis assay and hematoxylin & eosin (H & E) staining, respectively on mouse skin tissue samples. Both α-lapachone and β-lapachone increased Sirt3 expression in vivo, but only β-lapachone increased Sirt3 expression in vitro. Results: Both the compounds accelerated wound healing in cultured skin cells as well as mouse skin; however, β-lapachone was more effective at lower concentrations. Both of the compounds increased the expression of migration-related proteins both in vitro and in vivo. Similarly, α-lapachone and β-lapachone increased VEGF expression, tissue development and blood vessel formation in mouse skin.Conclusion: These findings indicated that α-lapachone and β-lapachone are novel Sirt3 activators, and Sirt3 has a role in wound healing. Thus, Sirt3 and its regulators come out as a novel target and potential drug candidates, respectively in the important field of cutaneous wound healing.
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_16139_c2c8bb6f3e32bc19e9c5dd1f36db3e9f.pdf
2020-09-01
1139
1145
10.22038/ijbms.2020.43706.10275
Beta
Lapachone Dermatology Inflammation Regeneration Tabebuia
Fayyaz
Ahmad
fayyazahmad0393@gmail.com
1
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, 45320 Islamabad, Pakistan
AUTHOR
Shaheen
Bibi
shaheen.ansari54@yahoo.com
2
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, 45320 Islamabad, Pakistan
AUTHOR
Mincheol
Kang
kismc0511@naver.com
3
College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, 191 Hambakmaero, Incheon, South Korea
AUTHOR
Mariam
Anees
mariam@qau.edu.pk
4
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, 45320 Islamabad, Pakistan
AUTHOR
Muhammad
Ansar
ansar@qau.edu.pk
5
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, 45320 Islamabad, Pakistan
AUTHOR
Muhammad Rizwan
Alam
mralam@qau.edu.pk
6
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, 45320 Islamabad, Pakistan
AUTHOR
Sun
Kim
sunnykim@gachon.ac.kr
7
College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, 191 Hambakmaero, Incheon, South Korea
AUTHOR
Hussain
Wahedi
hmwahedi@gmail.com
8
Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, C/O Military Hospital, Mall Road Rawalpindi, Pakistan
LEAD_AUTHOR
1. Barrientos S, Stojadinovic O, Golinko MS, Brem H, Tomic-Canic M. Growth factors and cytokines in wound healing. Wound Repair Regen 2008;16:585-601.
1
2. Versteeg HH, Heemskerk JW, Levi M, Reitsma PH. New fundamentals in hemostasis. Physiol Rev 2013;93:327-358.
2
3. Eming SA, Martin P, Tomic-Canic M. Wound repair and regeneration: Mechanisms, signaling, and translation. Sci Transl Med 2014;6:265sr6.
3
4. Mofazzal Jahromi MA, Sahandi Zangabad P, Moosavi Basri SM, Sahandi Zangabad K, Ghamarypour A, Aref AR, et al. Nanomedicine and advanced technologies for burns: Preventing infection and facilitating wound healing. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2018;123:33-64.
4
5. Shedoeva A, Leavesley D. Wound Healing and the Use of Medicinal Plants. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2019;2019:2684108-2684137.
5
6. Olczyk P, Mencner L, Komosinska-Vassev K. The role of the extracellular matrix components in cutaneous wound healing. Biomed Res Int 2014;2014:747584-747591.
6
7. Braun A, Dang K, Buslig F, Baird MA, Davidson MW, Waterman CM, et al. Rac1 and Aurora A regulate MCAK to polarize microtubule growth in migrating endothelial cells. J Cell Biol 2014;206:97-112.
7
8. Abreu-Blanco MT, Verboon JM, Parkhurst SM. Coordination of Rho family GTPase activities to orchestrate cytoskeleton responses during cell wound repair. Curr Biol 2014;24:144-155.
8
9. Shukla SK, Sharma AK, Gupta V, Yashavarddhan MH. Pharmacological control of inflammation in wound healing. J tissue viability 2019;28:218-222.
9
10. Kung HN, Yang MJ, Chang CF, Chau YP, Lu KS. In vitro and in vivo wound healing-promoting activities of beta-lapachone. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2008;295:C931-943.
10
11. Salameh A, Galvagni F, Bardelli M, Bussolino F, Oliviero S. Direct recruitment of CRK and GRB2 to VEGFR-3 induces proliferation, migration, and survival of endothelial cells through the activation of ERK, AKT, and JNK pathways. Blood 2005;106:3423-3431.
11
12. Xu HL, Yu XF, Qu SC, Zhang R, Qu XR, Chen YP, et al. Anti-proliferative effect of Juglone from Juglans mandshurica Maxim on human leukemia cell HL-60 by inducing apoptosis through the mitochondria-dependent pathway. Eur J pharmacol 2010;645:14-22.
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13. Zhang W, Liu A, Li Y, Zhao X, Lv S, Zhu W, et al. Anticancer activity and mechanism of juglone on human cervical carcinoma HeLa cells. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2012;90:1553-1558.
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14. Asthana J, Yadav AK, Pant A, Pandey S, Gupta MM, Pandey R. Specioside ameliorates oxidative stress and promotes longevity in Caenorhabditis elegans. Com Biochem Physiol Toxicol Pharmacol 2015;169:25-34.
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15. Cho YA, Jue SS, Bae WJ, Heo SH, Shin SI, Kwon IK, et al. PIN1 inhibition suppresses osteoclast differentiation and inflammatory responses. J Dent Res 2015;94:371-380.
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16. Zhang W, Li Y, Luo J, Lu X, Chen M, Zhu W, et al. [Juglone inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis of human cervical squamous cancer SiHa cells]. Xi Bao Yu Fen Zi Mian Yi Xue Za Zhi 2015;31:186-189.
16
17. Wahedi HM, Lee TH, Moon EY, Kim SY. Juglone up-regulates sirt1 in skin cells under normal and UVB irradiated conditions. J Dermatol Sci 2016;81:210-212.
17
18. Lu J, Zhang M, Huang Z, Sun S, Zhang Y, Zhang L, et al. SIRT1 in B[a]P-induced lung tumorigenesis. Oncotarget 2015;6:27113-27129.
18
19. Houtkooper RH, Pirinen E, Auwerx J. Sirtuins as regulators of metabolism and healthspan. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2012;13:225-238.
19
20. Bause AS, Matsui MS, Haigis MC. The protein deacetylase SIRT3 prevents oxidative stress-induced keratinocyte differentiation. J Biol Chem 2013;288:36484-36491.
20
21. Spallotta F, Cencioni C, Straino S, Nanni S, Rosati J, Artuso S, et al. A nitric oxide-dependent cross-talk between class I and III histone deacetylases accelerates skin repair. J Biol Chem 2013;288:11004-11012.
21
22. Wahedi HM, Park YU, Moon EY, Kim SY. Juglone ameliorates skin wound healing by promoting skin cell migration through Rac1/Cdc42/PAK pathway. Wound Repair Regen 2016;24:786-794.
22
23. Funasaka K, Ito S, Hasegawa H, Goldberg GS, Hirooka Y, Goto H, et al. Cas utilizes Nck2 to activate Cdc42 and regulate cell polarization during cell migration in response to wound healing. FEBS J 2010;277:3502-3513.
23
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Protective effect of crocin on bisphenol A - induced spatial learning and memory impairment in adult male rats: Role of oxidative stress and AMPA receptor
Objective(s): Bisphenol A (BPA), a xenoestrogenic endocrine disrupting agent, is widely used in the production of polycarbonate plastics and has potential adverse effects on the developing nervous system, memory and learning abilities. The protective effect of the crocin, an important active constituent in Crocus sativus L, on memory impairment induced by BPA in rat was determined through evaluation of oxidative stress and the level of NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors) and AMPA (α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionicd acid) receptors. Materials and Methods: Rats were orally treated with BPA (100 mg/kg) or sesame seed oil in control group for 28 days. Crocin (10, 20, and 40 mg/kg, IP) was administrated in BPA-orally treated groups for 28 days. Memory and learning functions were evaluated by Morris water maze. The level of malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) contents were determined in rat hippocampus. Additionally, the expression of NMDA and AMPA receptors were analyzed using Western blot method. Results: Administration of BPA significantly reduced memory and learning functions. Crocin significantly protected against learning and memory impairments induced by BPA. BPA administration markedly reduced GSH content and induced lipid peroxidation, while crocin was able to increase GSH content in rat hippocampus. The expression of NMDA receptor did not change in BPA-treated rats, while the significant reduction in AMPA receptor expression was observed. Moreover, crocin (20 mg/kg) significantly elevated the expression of AMPA receptor. Conclusion: Crocin recovered spatial learning and memory defects induced by BPA in part through anti-oxidant activity and modulation the expression of AMPA receptor in rat hippocampus.
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_16122_6e1c1caefbae84a6485c403747ef72ff.pdf
2020-09-01
1146
1154
10.22038/ijbms.2020.41097.9714
Crocin Crocus sativus L. Bisphenol A Anti
oxidant AMPA NMDA
Faezeh
Vahdati Hassani
vahdatihf851@gmail.com
1
Department of Pharmacodynamy and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Elaheh
Masjedi
elahemasjedi7@gmail.com
2
Department of Pharmacodynamy and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Hossein
Hosseinzadeh
hosseinzadehh@mums.ac.ir
3
Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Zeinab
Bedrood
bedroudz941@mums.ac.ir
4
Department of Pharmacodynamy and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Khalil
Abnous
abnouskh@mums.ac.ir
5
Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Soghra
Mehri
mehris@mums.ac.ir
6
Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
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77. Adabizadeh M, Mehri S, Rajabpour M, Abnous Kh, Rashedinia M, Hosseinzadeh H. The effects of crocin on spatial memory impairment induced by hyoscine: Role of NMDA, AMPA, ERK and CaMKII proteins in rat hippocampus. Iran J Basic Med Sci 2019; 22: 601-609.
79
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Phytoestrogens by inhibiting the non-classical oestrogen receptor, overcome the adverse effect of bisphenol A on hFOB 1.19 cells
Objective(s): Since bisphenol A (BPA) induces bone loss and phytoestrogens enhance the osteoblastogenesis by binding to the non-classical and classical oestrogen receptors, respectively, the present study was aimed to observe the osteoprotective effect of phytoestrogens on BPA-induced osteoblasts in hFOB 1.19 cells.Materials and Methods: All groups of hFOB 1.19 cells were induced with 12.5 μg/ml of BPA except the control (Ctrl) group. Meanwhile, treated groups received phytoestrogens; Daidzein (Dz), Genistein (Gt), Equol (Eq) and 17β-oestradiol (Est) in different concentrations for 24 hr duration.Results: We found that the protein expression of non-classical oestrogen-related receptor (ERRG) was highly expressed in BPA group, whereas classical oestrogen receptor alpha (ERα) and oestrogen receptor beta (ERβ) were relatively increased with phytoestrogens treatment under BPA exposure. The dense actin cytoskeletal filaments were also observed. qRT-PCR showed up-regulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 (MAPK3) and G protein-coupled receptor 30 (GPR30) expressions; significant down-regulation of ERRG and up-regulation of ERα and ERβ were observed in phytoestrogens-treated cells, which was supported by the increased expressions of oestrogen receptor 1 (ESR1) and oestrogen receptor 2 (ESR2).Conclusion: Phytoestrogens improved the deteriorative effect of BPA via down-regulation of ERRG in hFOB 1.19 cells. This study showed that the efficacy of consumption of phytoestrogens in rendering them as potential therapeutic strategy in combating the adverse bone effects of BPA.
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_15986_c59cb898f61ca64cd52fbfd8ed197886.pdf
2020-09-01
1155
1163
10.22038/ijbms.2020.45296.10545
Bisphenol A
ERRG
hFOB 1.19 cells Oestrogens receptors Phytoestrogens
Zar Chi
Thent
zarrchii@gmail.com
1
Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh Campus, 47000 Selangor, Malaysia
AUTHOR
Gabriele Ruth
Anisah Froemming
2
Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS), 94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
AUTHOR
Aletza Binti
Mohd Ismail
3
Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh Campus, 47000 Selangor, Malaysia
AUTHOR
Syed Baharom
Syed Ahmad Fuad
4
Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh Campus, 47000 Selangor, Malaysia
AUTHOR
Suhaila
Muid
suhaila777@gmail.com
5
Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh Campus, 47000 Selangor, Malaysia
LEAD_AUTHOR
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48
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Spermatogonia apoptosis induction as a possible mechanism of Toxoplasma gondii induced male infertility
Objective(s): The protozoan Toxoplasma gondii as an intracellular protozoan is widely prevalent in humans and animals. Infection generally occurs through consuming food contaminated with oocysts and tissue cysts from undercooked meat. The parasite is carried in sexual fluids like semen but there is little information about the effect of T. gondii on the male reproductive system. In this study, we examined the effect of T. gondii tachyzoites on apoptosis induction in type B spermatogonia (GC-1) cells.Materials and Methods: Fresh tachyzoites taken of infected BALB/c mice, GC-1 spg cells were infected with increasing concentrations of tachyzoites of T. gondii, then apoptotic cells were identified and quantified by flow cytometry. The genes associated with apoptosis were evaluated by RT2 Profiler PCR Array.Results: PCR array analysis of 84 apoptosis-related genes demonstrated that 12 genes were up-regulated at least 4-fold and that one gene was down-regulated at least 2-fold in the T. gondii infection group compared with levels in the control group. The number of genes whose expression had increased during the period of infection with T. gondii was significantly higher than those whose expressions had decreased (18 versus 1) and Tnfrsf11b had the highest rate of gene expression.Conclusion: T. gondii induce in vitro apoptosis of GC-1 spg cells. This effect shows a trend of concentration-dependent increase so that with an increase in the ratio of parasite burden to spermatogonial cells, in addition to an increase in the number of genes whose expression has changed, the fold of these changes has increased as well.
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_16106_3d78a84a1d5719bd9e9c884b9b7c928f.pdf
2020-09-01
1164
1171
10.22038/ijbms.2020.43535.10224
Apoptosis
Gene expression
In vitro
Spermatogonia
Toxoplasma gondii
Jasem
Saki
jasem.saki@gmail.com
1
Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
AUTHOR
Mohamad
Sabaghan
mohamadsabaghan1986@gmail.com
2
Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Reza
Arjmand
arjmand-r@ajums.ac.ir
3
Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
AUTHOR
Ali
Teimoori
teimoori-a@ajums.ac.ir
4
Virology Department, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
AUTHOR
Mohammad
Rashno
rashno-m@ajums.ac.ir
5
Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
AUTHOR
Ghasem
Saki
saki-gh@ajums.ac.ir
6
Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
AUTHOR
Saeedeh
Shojaee
saeedeh.sh56@gmail.com
7
Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
1. Dvorakova-Hortova K, Sidlova A, Ded L, Hladovcova D, Vieweg M, Weidner W, et al. Toxoplasma gondii decreases the reproductive fitness in mice. PLoS One 2014; 9:96770-96780.
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6. Shwab EK, Zhu X-Q, Majumdar D, Pena HF, Gennari SM, Dubey JP, et al. Geographical patterns of Toxoplasma gondii genetic diversity revealed by multilocus PCR-RFLP genotyping. Parasitology 2014; 141:453-461.
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18. Dong Y, Hou W, Li Y, Liu D, Hao G, Zhang H, et al. Unexpected requirement for a binding partner of the syntaxin family in phagocytosis by murine testicular Sertoli cells. Cell Death Differ 2016; 23:787-800.
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19. Murphy CJ, Richburg JH. Implications of Sertoli cell induced germ cell apoptosis to testicular pathology. Spermatogenesis 2014; 4:979110-979116.
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23. Oishi K, Barchi M, Au AC, Gelb BD, Diaz GA. Male infertility due to germ cell apoptosis in mice lacking the thiamin carrier, Tht1. A new insight into the critical role of thiamin in spermatogenesis. Dev Biol 2004; 266:299-309.
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74
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Chromon-3-aldehyde derivatives restore mitochondrial function in rat cerebral ischemia
Objective(s): This work aimed to assess the effect of 10 new chromon-3-aldehyde derivatives on changes of mitochondrial function under the conditions of brain ischemia in rats. Materials and Methods: The work was executed on BALB/c male-mice (acute toxicity was evaluated) and male Wistar rats, which were used to model cerebral ischemia by permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion. The test-substances, 10 derivatives of chromon-3-aldehyde and the reference drug, N-acetylcysteine, were injected after modeling of ischemia for 3 days. After that, neurological symptoms, the area of cerebral infarction, and change in mitochondrial function were evaluated.Results: It was established that use of all chromon-3-aldehyde derivatives contributed to the recovery of mitochondrial function, which was reflected in enhanced ATP-generating activity, maximum respiration level, respiratory capacity, as well as reduction in the intensity of anaerobic reactions, apoptosis, and normalization of the mitochondrial membrane potential. The most pronounced changes were noted with the use of 6-acetyl substituted chromon-3-aldehyde derivative, the administration of which decreased neurological symptoms and size of brain necrosis area.Conclusion: The obtained data may indicate the most pronounced neurotropic effect in a number of test-objects has the 6-acetyl substituted derivative of chromon-3 aldehyde, realized by restoration of mitochondrial function, which may be the basis for further study of chromon-3-aldehyde derivatives.
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_16105_d08dcec8ab297930cdae7f9fa608005e.pdf
2020-09-01
1172
1183
10.22038/ijbms.2020.46369.10710
Acetylcysteine
Apoptosis
Brain ischemia
Cell respiration
Laboratory animals
Mitochondria
Dmitry
Pozdnyakov
pozdniackow.dmitry@yandex.ru
1
Department of Pharmacology Pyatigorsk Medical Pharmaceutical Institute, Pyatigorsk, Russia
LEAD_AUTHOR
Andrey
Voronkov
andreyvoronkov@pmed.ru
2
Department of Pharmacology Pyatigorsk Medical Pharmaceutical Institute, Pyatigorsk, Russia
AUTHOR
Victoriya
Rukovitsyna
rucovicinavica@mail.ru
3
Department of Organic Chemistry, Pyatigorsk Medical Pharmaceutical Institute, Pyatigorsk, Russia
AUTHOR
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20. Voronkov AV, Pozdnyakov DI, Rukovitsyna VM, Veselova OF, Olokhova EA. Сhromone-3-aldehyde derivatives improve muscle function by suppressing the formation of apoptosis-inducing factor Pharmacologyonline 2019;1;429-437.
20
21. Voronkov AV, Pozdnyakov DI, RukovitsynaVM, Veselova OF, Olokhova EA, Oganesyan ET. Antiradical and chelating properties of chromon-3- aldehyde derivatives. Eksp & Klin Farm. 2019; 82: 32-35.
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23. Pozdnyakov DI, Nygaryan SA, Voronkov AV, Sosnovskaya AV, Sherechkova EI. Ethylmethylhydroxypyridine succinate, acetylcysteine and choline alphoscerate improve mitochondrial function under condition of cerebral ischemia in rat. Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2019; 14: 152-158.
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49
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The first report of Enterobacter gergoviae carrying blaNDM-1 in Iran
Objective(s): Prompt detection of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) and carbapenemase-producing enterobacteriaceae is crucial for infection prevention and control strategies. The present study aimed to characterize the ESBL and carbapenemase genes among Enterobacter isolates from an Iranian inpatient population.Materials and Methods: A total of 96 Enterobacter isolates obtained from inpatients between June 2016 and March 2017, were identified by the conventional microbiological methods and diagnostic kits. Antimicrobial susceptibility pattern was performed using the disk diffusion method. The ESBL and carbapenemase genes were screened using polymerase chain reaction (PCR).Results: All clinical isolates of Enterobacter were classified as E. gergoviae (52, 54.2%), E. aerogenes (34, 35.4%), E. cloacae (7, 7.3%), Cronobacter (E). sakazakii (3, 3.1%). The highest and lowest antimicrobial resistance rates were observed against ampicillin (93.8%) and imipenem (21.9%). High prevalence of multi-drug resistance (MDR=96.9%) was substantial. Of the 96 Enterobacter isolates, 35 (36.5%) and 28 (29.2%) were phenotypically ESBL-positive and non-susceptible carbapenem, respectively. Overall, the frequency of evaluated genes was as follows: blaCTX-M =25 (26%), blaTEM =30 (31.3%), blaSHV =12 (12.5%), blaIMP =3 (3.1%), blaVIM =0 (0%), blaNDM =8 (8.3%), and blaKPC =0 (0%).Conclusion: In this study, we report for the first time the presence of E. gergoviae harboring blaNDM from an Iranian population. Regarding the increase of MDR Enterobacter spp. in our region, strict hygiene rules will be needed to control the quick spread of ESBL and carbapenemase-producing Enterobacter isolates in healthcare facilities of developing countries.
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_16032_ba59e7e5e456a3ec00c36d257a803d43.pdf
2020-09-01
1184
1190
10.22038/ijbms.2020.41225.9752
Antimicrobial resistance β
lactamase blaNDM
1 Carbapenems Enterobacter
Reza
Khashei
re.khashei@gmail.com
1
Department of Bacteriology and Virology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Fatemeh
Edalati Sarvestani
fatemehedalati26@gmail.com
2
Department of Bacteriology and Virology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
AUTHOR
Yalda
Malekzadegan
malekzadeganyalda@gmail.com
3
Department of Bacteriology and Virology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
AUTHOR
Mohammad
Motamedifar
motamedm@sums.ac.ir
4
Department of Bacteriology and Virology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
AUTHOR
1. Perez A, Poza M, Fernández A, Fernández Mdel C, Mallo S, Merino M, et al. Involvement of the AcrAB-TolC efflux pump in the resistance, fitness, and virulence of Enterobacter cloacae. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2012;56:2084-2090.
1
2. Anago E, Ayi-Fanou L, Akpovi CD, Hounkpe WB, Agassounon-Djikpo Tchibozo M, Bankole HS, et al. Antibiotic resistance and genotype of beta-lactamase producing Escherichia coli in nosocomial infections in Cotonou, Benin. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob 2015;14:5.
2
3. Khanfar HS, Bindayna KM, Senok AC, Botta GA. Extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae: trends in the hospital and community settings. J Infect Dev Ctries 2009;3:295-299.
3
4. Kohlenberg A, Schwab F, Rüden H. Wide dissemination of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp. in acute care and rehabilitation hospitals. Epidemiol Infect 2012;140:528-534.
4
5. Haghighatpanah M, Mozaffari Nejad AS, Mojtahedi A, Amirmozafari N, Zeighami H. Detection of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) and plasmid-borne blaCTX-M and blaTEM genes among clinical strains of Escherichia coli isolated from patients in the north of Iran. J Glob Antimicrob Resist 2016;7:110-113.
5
6. Yoo JS, Byeon J, Yang J, Yoo JI, Chung GT, Lee YS. High prevalence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases and plasmid-mediated AmpC beta-lactamases in Enterobacteriaceae isolated from long-term care facilities in Korea. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2010;67:261-265.
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7. Rosa JF, Rizek C, Marchi AP, Guimaraes T, Miranda L, Carrilho C, et al. Clonality, outer-membrane proteins profile and efflux pump in KPC- producing Enterobacter sp. in Brazil. BMC Microbiol 2017;17:69.
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8. Lee JY, Hong YK, Lee H, Ko KS. High prevalence of non-clonal imipenem-nonsusceptible Enterobacter spp. isolates in Korea and their association with porin down-regulation. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2017;87:53-59.
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25. Peirano G, Matsumura Y, Adams MD, Bradford P, Motyl M, Chen L, et al. Genomic epidemiology of global carbapenemase-producing Enterobacter spp., 2008-2014. Emerg Infect Dis 2018;24:1010-1019.
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28. Ghanavati R, Emaneini M, Kalantar-Neyestanaki D, Maraji AS, Dalvand M, Beigverdi R, et al. Clonal relation and antimicrobial resistance pattern of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase- and AmpC beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacter spp. isolated from different clinical samples in Tehran, Iran. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2018;51:88-93.
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29. Peymani A, Farivar TN, Sanikhani R, Javadi A, Najafipour R. Emergence of TEM, SHV, and CTX-M-extended spectrum beta-lactamases and class 1 integron among Enterobacter cloacae isolates collected from hospitals of Tehran and Qazvin, Iran. Microb Drug Resist 2014;20:424-430.
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40
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The role of acylated ghrelin and unacylated ghrelin in the blood and hypothalamus and their interaction with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Objective(s): Ghrelin is a brain-gut peptide involved in substance and energy metabolism. To confirm the hypothesis that ghrelin might be involved in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a rat NAFLD model was established and the changes of ghrelin were explored.Materials and Methods: The rats were divided into control and NAFLD groups. The rats in the NAFLD group were fed a high-fat–high-cholesterol (HFHC) diet for 8 weeks. Total ghrelin (TG), acylated ghrelin (AG), unacylated ghrelin (UAG), and hypothalamic AG and its receptor GHSR-1a expression were detected using ELISA, RIA, RT-PCR, and Western blot, respectively.Results: Plasma UAG, TG, and the ratio of UAG to AG (UAG/AG) decreased, while protein and mRNA expression of hypothalamic AG and growth hormone secretagogue receptor-1a (GHSR-1a) increased in NAFLD (P<0.01). Plasma UAG and UAG/AG were negatively associated with homeostatic model assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), while AG positively correlated with HOMA-IR (R2=0.6510, P=0.005; R2=0.8520, P=0.000; R2=0.5617, P=0.013, respectively). Plasma UAG, TG and UAG/AG negatively correlated with serum LDL-C or hepatic triglycerides (TGs) (R2=0.7733, P=0.001; R2=0.6930, P=0.003; R2=0.6042, P=0.008; R2=0.7046, P=0.002; R2=0.6722, P=0.004; R2=0.5124, P=0.020, respectively). Hypothalamic AG and GHSR-1a positively correlated with HOMA-IR or hepatic TGs (R2=0.5116, P=0.020; R2=0.5220, P=0.018; R2=0.6074, P=0.008; R2=0.5127, P=0.020, respectively).Conclusion: It might be that decreased circulating UAG/AG, rather than UAG or AG alone, were involved in IR and liver lipid accumulation in NAFLD. Acylated ghrelin might induce IR and promote liver lipid accumulation via a central mechanism involved in the hypothalamus.
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_15984_f900161c214b3e7a1ee35f0b2a2e142a.pdf
2020-09-01
1191
1196
10.22038/ijbms.2020.45356.10555
Ghrelin Hypothalamus Insulin resistance Non
alcoholic fatty liver
disease Rat
Xia
Liu
lxiaqust@163.com
1
Department of Pharmacy, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
AUTHOR
Yaoyao
Guo
1060068672@qq.com
2
Shandong Luoxin Pharmaceutical Group Stock Co., Ltd., Preparation Department, Linyi
AUTHOR
Zhaozhen
Li
204805721@qq.com
3
Department of Pharmacy, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
AUTHOR
Yanling
Gong
hanyu_ma@126.com
4
Department of Pharmacy, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
LEAD_AUTHOR
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2. Uribe M, Zamora-Valdés D, Moreno-Portillo M, Bermejo-Martínez L, Pichardo-Bahena R, Baptista-González HA, et al. Hepatic expression of ghrelin and adiponectin and their receptors in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Ann Hepatol. 2008;7:67–71.
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6. Manco M. Insulin Resistance and NAFLD: A Dangerous Liaison beyond the Genetics. Children. 2017;4:E74.
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11. Gutierrez-Grobe Y, Villalobos-Blasquez I, Sánchez-Lara K, Villa AR, Ponciano-Rodríguez G, Ramos MH, et al. High ghrelin and obestatin levels and low risk of developing fatty liver. Ann Hepatol. 2010;9:52-57.
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13. Mykhalchyshyn G, Kobyliak N, Bodnar P. Diagnostic accuracy of acyl-ghrelin and it association with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in type 2 diabetic patients. J Diabetes Metab Disord. 2015;14:1–7.
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14. Fischer AH, Jacobson KA, Rose J, Zeller R. Hematoxylin and eosin staining of tissue and cell sections. CSH Protoc. 2008;2008:pdb.prot4986.
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17. Li Y, Hai J, Li L, Chen X, Peng H, Cao M, et al.. Administration of ghrelin improves inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis during and after non-alcoholic fatty liver disease development. Endocrine. 2013;43:376–386.
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18. Zhang D, Han Y, Xu L. Upregulation of miR-124 by physcion 8-O-β-glucopyranoside inhibits proliferation and invasion of malignant melanoma cells via repressing RLIP76. Biomed Pharmacother. 2016;84:166–176.
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19. Karavia EA, Papachristou DJ, Kotsikogianni I, Giopanou I, Kypreos KE. Deficiency in apolipoprotein E has a protective effect on diet-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in mice. FEBS J. 2011;278:3119–3129.
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21. Zhang Z, Wang J, Wang H. Correlation of blood glucose, serum chemerin and insulin resistance with NAFLD in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Exp Ther Med. 2018;15:2936–2940.
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25. Lallukka S, Yki-Järvinen H. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and risk of type 2 diabetes. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2014;30:385–395.
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26. Orci LA, Gariani K, Oldani G, Delaune V, Morel P, Toso C. Exercise-based interventions for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a meta-analysis and meta-regression. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2016;14:1398–1411.
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27. Corey KE, Rinella ME. Medical and surgical treatment options for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Dig Dis Sci. 2016;61:1387–1397.
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29. Pradhan G, Samson SL, Sun Y. Ghrelin: much more than a hunger hormone. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2013;16:619–624.
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30. Chen CY, Inui A, Asakawa A, Fujino K, Kato I, Chen CC, et al. Des-acyl ghrelin acts by CRF type 2 receptors to disrupt fasted stomach motility in conscious rats. Gastroenterology. 2005;129:8–25.
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31. Toshinai K, Yamaguchi H, Sun Y, Smith RG, Yamanaka A, Sakurai T, et al. Des-acyl ghrelin induces food intake by a mechanism independent of the growth hormone secretagogue receptor. Endocrinology. 2006;147:2306–2314.
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32. Zhang W, Chai B, Li JY, Wang H, Mulholland MW. Effect of des-acyl ghrelin on adiposity and glucose metabolism. Endocrinology. 2008;149:4710–4716.
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35. Barazzoni R, Gortan Cappellari G, Semolic A, Ius M, Mamolo L, Dore F, et al. Plasma total and unacylated ghrelin predict 5-year changes in insulin resistance. Clin Nutr. 2016;35:1168–1173.
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37. Gortan Cappellari G, Zanetti M, Semolic A, Vinci P, Ruozi G, Falcione A, et al. Unacylated ghrelin reduces skeletal muscle reactive oxygen species generation and inflammation and prevents high-fat diet induced hyperglycemia and whole-body insulin resistance in rodents. Diabetes. 2016;65:874-886.
37
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Adrenomedullin protects rat dorsal root ganglion neurons against doxorubicin-induced toxicity by ameliorating oxidative stress
Objective(s): Despite effective anticancer effects, the use of doxorubicin (DOX) is hindered due to its cardio and neurotoxicity. The neuroprotective effect of adrenomedullin (AM) was shown in several studies. The present study aimed to evaluate the possible protective effects of AM against DOX-induced toxicity in dorsal root ganglia (DRGs) neurons. Materials and Methods: Rat embryonic DRG neurons were isolated and cultured. The effect of various concentrations of DOX (0.0 to 100 µM) in the absence or presence of AM (3.125 -100 nM) on cell death, apoptosis, oxidative stress, expression of tumor necrosis-α (TNF-α), interleukin1- β (IL-1β), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 3 and 13, and SRY-related protein 9 (SOX9) were examined. Results: Based on MTT assay data, DOX decreased the viability of DRG neurons in a dose and time-dependent manner (IC50=6.88 µm) while dose-dependently, AM protected DRG neurons against DOX-induced cell death. Furthermore, results of annexin V apoptosis assay revealed the protective effects of AM (25 nm) against DOX (6.88 µM)-induced apoptosis and necrosis of DRG neurons. Also, AM significantly ameliorated DOX-induced oxidative stress in DRG neurons. Real-time PCR results showed a significant increase in the expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, iNOS, MMP 3, and MMP 13, and a decrease in the expression of SOX9 following treatment with DOX. Treatment with AM (25 nM) significantly reversed the effects of DOX on the above-mentioned genes expression.Conclusion: Our findings suggest that AM can be considered a novel ameliorating drug against DOX-induced neurotoxicity.
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_16126_69fda1a138908e99ebcdbb65842c292a.pdf
2020-09-01
1197
1206
10.22038/ijbms.2020.45134.10514
Adrenomedullin
Dorsal root ganglia
Doxorubicin
Inflammation
Oxidative stress
Amir
Mahmoodazdeh
biochem@gmail.com
1
Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
AUTHOR
Sayed Mohammad
Shafiee
shafieem@sums.ac.ir
2
Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mohsen
Sisakht
mohsen.sisakht@gmail.com
3
Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
AUTHOR
Zahra
Khoshdel
khoshdelz@sums.ac.ir
4
Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
AUTHOR
Mohammad Ali
Takhshid
takhshid2001@yahoo.co.uk
5
Diagnostic Laboratory Sciences and Technology Research Center, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
AUTHOR
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56
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The effect of low dose amphetamine in rotenone-induced toxicity in a mice model of Parkinson’s disease
Objective(s): The effects of low dose amphetamine on oxidative stress and rotenone-induced neurotoxicity and liver injury were examined in vivo in a mice model of Parkinson’s disease. Materials and Methods: Male mice were treated with rotenone (1.5 mg/kg, every other day for two weeks, subcutaneously). Mice received either the vehicle or amphetamine intraperitoneally at doses of 0.5, 1.0, or 2.0 mg/kg. Oxidative stress was assessed by measurement of the lipid peroxidation product malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), total anti-oxidant capacity (TAC), and paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) activity in the brain and liver. In addition, brain concentrations of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and tyrosine hydroxylase were determined and histopathology and Bax/Bcl-2 immunohistochemistry were performed. Results: The levels of lipid peroxidation and NO were increased and TAC and PON-1 were decreased significantly compared with vehicle-injected control mice. There were also significantly increased NF-κB and decreased tyrosine hydroxylase in the brain following rotenone administration. These changes were significantly attenuated by amphetamine. Rotenone caused neurodegenerative changes in the substantia nigra, cerebral cortex, and hippocampus. The liver showed degenerative changes in hepatocytes and infiltration of Kupffer cells. Bax/Bcl2 ratio was significantly increased in brain and liver tissues. Amphetamine prevented these histopathological changes and the increase in apoptosis evoked by rotenone.Conclusion: These results suggest that low dose amphetamine exerts anti-oxidant and anti-apoptotic effects, protects against rotenone-induced neurodegeneration, and could prevent neuronal cell degeneration in Parkinson’s disease.
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_15835_a59ad249287bda71516114396a67787e.pdf
2020-09-01
1207
1217
10.22038/ijbms.2020.45175.10524
Amphetamine Anti
oxidant capacity Neuroprotection Parkinson’s disease Reactive oxygen species Rotenone
Omar M.E.
Abdel-Salam
omasalam@hotmail.com
1
Department of Toxicology and Narcotics, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
Safaa M. Youssef
Morsy
sfmetwally10@yahoo.com
2
Department of Medical Biochemistry, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
AUTHOR
Eman R.
Youness
hoctober2000@yahoo.com
3
Department of Medical Biochemistry, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
AUTHOR
Noha N.
Yassen
noha.nazeeh@gmail.com
4
Department of Pathology, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
AUTHOR
Amany A.
Sleem
amany1950@live.com
5
Department of Pharmacology, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
AUTHOR
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71
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effects of ethyl acetate extract of Salsola collina on brain-gut peptides and interstitial cells of gastric Cajal in rats with diabetic gastroparesis
Objective(s): Effects of ethyl acetate extract of Salsola collina (EES) on brain-gut peptides and interstitial cells of gastric Cajal in rats with diabetic gastroparesis were explored. Materials and Methods: Rats were divided into six groups: normal control group (NC), diabetic gastroparesis model group (DGP), low, medium, and high dose of EES groups (LES, MES, and HES, respectively), and metoclopramide positive group (MPG). DGP rats were induced by streptozotocin (STZ) combined with a high-sugar-high-fat diet. The gastric emptying was measured by the phenol red labeling method. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was employed to determine the concentrations of serum ghrelin, gastrin (GAS), somatostatin (SS), and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP). The expressions of c-Kit and its natural ligand stem cell factor (SCF) in gastric tissues were determined by Western blot and immunofluorescence. Results: Gastric emptying rate increased in a different degree after intervention by EES, among which MES and HES groups showed a significant effect (compared with DGP, P<0.01) and the HES group was equivalent to the MPG group; serum ghrelin and content of serum GAS increased while SS and VIP decreased (compared with the DGP group, PConclusion: EES significantly improved gastric emptying by regulating gastrointestinal hormone excretion and c-Kit/SCF signaling pathway. Our study provides a pharmacological basis for the use of the EES in the treatment of DGP. However, the detailed molecular mechanism remains to be clarified.
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_16171_58f2faef52b2baf5c3131d7e9ad9974c.pdf
2020-09-01
1218
1224
10.22038/ijbms.2020.43521.10223
Brain
gut peptides Cajal interstitial cells Diabetic gastroparesis Ethyl acetate extract Gastric motility Salsola collina
Xinling
Zhao
7924376742@qq.com
1
Department of Pharmacy, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong, China
AUTHOR
Hongbo
Wang
hongbor@126.com
2
Department of Gastroenterology surgery, Jimo People’s Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, China
AUTHOR
Ziwei
Zhang
884599603@qq.com
3
Department of Pharmacy, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong, China
AUTHOR
Hong
Jin
81976686@qq.com
4
Department of Pharmacy, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong, China
AUTHOR
Yanling
Gong
hanyu_ma@126.com
5
Department of Pharmacy, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong, China
LEAD_AUTHOR
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37
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Usnic acid improves memory impairment after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injuries by anti-neuroinflammatory, anti-oxidant, and anti-apoptotic properties
Objective(s): Cerebral ischemia/reperfusion causes complex pathological mechanisms that lead to brain tissue damage. Usnic acid is a lichen secondary metabolite that has many different biological properties including anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activities. Therefore, the objective of the current study was to investigate the neuroprotective effects of usnic acid on apoptotic cell death, neuroinflammation, anti-oxidant enzyme activities, and oxidative stress levels after transient cerebral ischemia/reperfusion. Materials and Methods: Forty-two male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to three groups (sham, ischemia/reperfusion, and ischemia/reperfusion+usnic acid). Ischemia was induced by 20 min occlusion of common carotid arteries. Injection of usnic acid (25 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) and saline was done at the beginning of reperfusion time. Morris water maze was applied to assess spatial memory. The protein expression amount was measured using immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence staining. Spectrophotometric assay was performed to determine the levels of anti-oxidant enzymes. Results: Usnic acid significantly reduced caspase-3, glial fibrillary acidic protein-positive and ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1-positive cells (P<0.001) and enhanced spatial memory disorders (P<0.05) due to brain ischemia. In addition, treatment with usnic acid improves effects in the antioxidant system following cerebral ischemia (P<0.05).Conclusion: Our findings indicate that usnic acid has neuroprotective properties, which possibly is applicable as a promising candidate for cerebral injuries caused by ischemia.
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_16123_933e5c992fe494e5b5bd192a380224b1.pdf
2020-09-01
1225
1231
10.22038/ijbms.2020.43280.10165
Apoptosis Cerebral ischemia Lichen secondary
metabolites Neuroinflammation Spatial memory
Soheila
Erfani
sohailaerfani@gmail.com
1
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran
AUTHOR
Tahere
Valadbeigi
tvaladbeigi@yahoo.com
2
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran
AUTHOR
Nahid
Aboutaleb
dr.nabotaleb@gmail.com
3
Physiology Research Center and Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Naser
Karimi
nkarimie@yahoo.com
4
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Razi University of Kermanshah, Kermanshah, Iran
AUTHOR
Ali
Moghimi
moghimi@um.ac.ir
5
Rayan Center for Neuroscience and Behavior, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Mehdi
Khaksari
khaksari417@yahoo.com
6
School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
1. Cocchietto M, Skert N, Nimis P, Sava G. A review on usnic acid, an interesting natural compound. Naturwissenschaften 2002;89:137-146.
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2. Luzina O, Salakhutdinov N. Biological activity of usnic acid and its derivatives: Part 1. Activity against unicellular organisms. Russ J Bioorg Chem 2016;42:115-132.
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5. de Paz GA, Raggio J, Gómez-Serranillos M, Palomino O, González-Burgos E, Carretero M, et al. HPLC isolation of anti-oxidant constituents from Xanthoparmelia spp. J Pharmaceut Biomed 2010;53:165-171.
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16. Erfani S, Moghimi A, Aboutaleb N, Khaksari M. Nesfatin-1 improve spatial memory impairment following transient global cerebral ischemia/reperfusion via inhibiting microglial and caspase-3 activation. J Mol Neurosci 2018;65:377-384.
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17. Erfani S, Khaksari M, Oryan S, Shamsaei N, Aboutaleb N, Nikbakht F, et al. Visfatin reduces hippocampal CA1 cells death and improves learning and memory deficits after transient global ischemia/reperfusion. Neuropeptides 2015;49:63-68.
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18. Shamsaei N, Khaksari M, Erfani S, Rajabi H, Aboutaleb N. Exercise preconditioning exhibits neuroprotective effects on hippocampal CA1 neuronal damage after cerebral ischemia. Neural Regen Res 2015;10:1245-1250.
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20. Fernández-Moriano C, Gómez-Serranillos MP, Crespo A. Anti-oxidant potential of lichen species and their secondary metabolites. A systematic review. Pharm Biol 2016;54:1-17.
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21. Erfani S, Aboutaleb N, Oryan S, Shamsaei N, Khaksari M, Kalalian-Moghaddam H, et al. Visfatin inhibits apoptosis and necrosis of hippocampus CA3 cells following transient global ischemia/reperfusion in rats. Int J Pept Res Ther 2015;21:223-228.
21
22. LotfiAski M, Rezvani ME, Khaksari M, Hafizi Z, Pirmoradi Z, Niknazar S, et al. Neuroprotective effect of berberine chloride on cognitive impairment and hippocampal damage in experimental model of vascular dementia. Iran J Basic Med Sci 2018;21:53-58.
22
23. Aboutaleb N, Shamsaei N, Rajabi H, Khaksari M, Erfani S, Nikbakht F, et al. Protection of hippocampal CA1 neurons against ischemia/reperfusion injury by exercise preconditioning via modulation of Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and prevention of caspase-3 activation. Basi Clinic Neuro 2016;7:21-30.
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24. Aboutaleb N, Shamsaei N, Khaksari M, Erfani S, Rajabi H, Nikbakht F. Pre-ischemic exercise reduces apoptosis in hippocampal CA3 cells after cerebral ischemia by modulation of the Bax/Bcl-2 proteins ratio and prevention of caspase-3 activation. J Physiol Sci 2015;65:435-443.
24
25. Shafahi M, Vaezi G, Shajiee H, Sharafi S, Khaksari M. Crocin inhibits apoptosis and astrogliosis of hippocampus neurons against methamphetamine neurotoxicity via anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms. Neurochem Res 2018;43:2252-2259.
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26. Khaksari M, Mehrjerdi FZ, Rezvani ME, Safari F, Mirgalili A, Niknazar S. The role of erythropoietin in remote renal preconditioning on hippocampus ischemia/reperfusion injury. Physiol Sci 2017;67:163-171.
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27. Wadowska M, Woods J, Rogozinska M, Briones TL. Neuroprotective effects of enriched environment housing after transient global cerebral ischaemia are associated with the upregulation of insulin‐like growth factor‐1 signalling. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2015;41:544-556.
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32
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37
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The protective effect of glycyrrhizin on hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats and possible related signal pathway
Objective(s): To investigate the protective effect of glycyrrhizin (GL) on hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury (HIRI).Materials and Methods: Forty SD rats were randomly divided into sham group, HIRI group, GL 100 mg/kg group, and GL 200 mg/kg group. The pathological alterations of liver tissue in each group were observed. The levels of alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), endothelin-1 (ET-l), nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) were detected. Western blot was used to detect the expression levels of cytoplasmic protein caspase-3, Bax, Bcl-2, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and nuclear protein Nrf2.Results: Compared with the HIRI group, the levels of AST, ALT, ET-1, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in GL groups were lower, serum NO content was higher, MDA content was lower, SOD and GSH-Px activities were significantly increased, apoptosis index was lower (P<0.05), which was more obvious in high-dose GL (200 mg/kg) group. The LC3-II/LC3-I ratio and Beclin-1 protein expression levels in the GL group were significantly lower than the HIRI group, but the expression levels of cytoplasmic protein HO-1 and nuclear protein Nrf2 were significantly higher than those of the HIRI group, which was more obvious in the high-dose GL group (P<0.05).Conclusion: GL has a protective effect on the liver of HIRI rats, and its mechanism may be related to activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway, inhibition of oxidative stress, inflammation, autophagy, and apoptosis.
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_16169_d7d924c90c7b03802e6d73487c7e228f.pdf
2020-09-01
1232
1238
10.22038/ijbms.2020.44101.10334
Apoptosis
Glycyrrhizic acid
Inflammation
Liver
Oxidative stress
Reperfusion injury
Xiaoni
Kou
1506169232@qq.com
1
Department of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710000, Shaanxi Province, China
AUTHOR
Jiang
Zhu
liulei_yxk@163.com
2
Department of Galactophore, Shaanxi Provincial Tumor Hospital, Xi’an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
AUTHOR
Xinke
Xie
3288831346@qq.com
3
Department of Hepatopathy, Affiliated hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712000, Shaanxi Province, China
AUTHOR
Mingxia
Hao
mengzhijian_jzk@163.com
4
Department of Hepatopathy, Affiliated hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712000, Shaanxi Province, China
AUTHOR
Yingren
Zhao
yingren_grk@163.com
5
Department of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710000, Shaanxi Province, China
LEAD_AUTHOR
1. Chaves JC, Neto FS, Ikejiri AT, Bertoletto PR, Teruya R, Santos Simoes R, et al. Period of hyperbaric oxygen delivery leads to different degrees of hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats. Transplant Proc 2016; 48:516-520.
1
2. Tao X, Wan X, Xu Y, Xu L, Qi Y, Yin L, et al. Dioscin attenuates hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats through inhibition of oxidative-nitrative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. Transplantation 2014; 98:604-611.
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3. Xue L, Wu Z, Ji XP, Gao XQ, Guo YH. Effect and mechanism of salvianolic acid B on the myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. Asian Pac J Trop Med 2014; 7:280-284.
3
4. Cai X, Wang X, Li J, Chen S. Protective effect of glycyrrhizin on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury-induced oxidative stress, inducible nitric oxide synthase and inflammatory reactions through high-mobility group box 1 and mitogen-activated protein kinase expression. Exp Ther Med 2017; 14:1219-1226.
4
5. Gong G, Xiang L, Yuan L, Hu L, Wu W, Cai L, et al. Protective effect of glycyrrhizin, a direct HMGB1 inhibitor, on focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion-induced inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in rats. PLoS One 2014; 9:e89450.
5
6. Ni B, Cao Z, Liu Y. Glycyrrhizin protects spinal cord and reduces inflammation in spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury. Int J Neurosci 2013; 123:745-751.
6
7. Wang Y, Chen Q, Shi C, Jiao F, Gong Z. Mechanism of glycyrrhizin on ferroptosis during acute liver failure by inhibiting oxidative stress. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:4081-4090.
7
8. Yan T, Wang H, Zhao M, Yagai T, Chai Y, Krausz KW, et al. Glycyrrhizin protects against acetaminophen-induced acute liver injury via alleviating tumor necrosis factor alpha-mediated apoptosis. Drug Metab Dispos 2016; 44:720-731.
8
9. Hua S, Ma M, Fei X, Zhang Y, Gong F, Fang M. Glycyrrhizin attenuates hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury by suppressing HMGB1-dependent GSDMD-mediated kupffer cells pyroptosis. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 68:145-155.
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10. Suzuki S, Toledo-Pereyra LH, Rodriguez FJ, Cejalvo D. Neutrophil infiltration as an important factor in liver ischemia and reperfusion injury. Modulating effects of FK506 and cyclosporine. Transplantation 1993; 55:1265-1272.
10
11. Zhang Q, Lai Y, Deng J, Wang M, Wang Z, Wang M, et al. Vagus nerve stimulation attenuates hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury via the Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2019; 2019:9549506.
11
12. Zhao Y, Cai H, Zhou P, Lin S, Pan Y, Liang X. Protective effect of ulinastatin on hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury through autophagy activation in Chang liver cells. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:14960-14970.
12
13. Sehitoglu I, Tumkaya L, Bedir R, Kalkan Y, Cure MC, Yucel AF, et al. Zoledronic acid aggravates kidney damage during ischemia reperfusion injury in rat. J Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol 2015; 34:53-61.
13
14. Ye Z, Chen O, Zhang R, Nakao A, Fan D, Zhang T, et al. Methane attenuates hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats through antiapoptotic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidative actions. Shock 2015; 44:181-187.
14
15. Tao YE, Wen Z, Song Y, Wang H. Paeoniflorin attenuates hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury via anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic pathways. Exp Ther Med 2016; 11:263-268.
15
16. Zhang CB, Tang YC, Xu XJ, Guo SX, Wang HZ. Hydrogen gas inhalation protects against liver ischemia/reperfusion injury by activating the NF-kappa B signaling pathway. Exp Ther Med 2015; 9:2114-2120.
16
17. Deng J, Feng J, Liu T, Lu X, Wang W, Liu N, et al. Beraprost sodium preconditioning prevents inflammation, apoptosis, and autophagy during hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury in mice via the P38 and JNK pathways. Drug Des Devel Ther 2018; 12:4067-4082.
17
18. Cursio R, Colosetti P, Gugenheim J. Autophagy and liver ischemia-reperfusion injury. Biomed Res Int 2015; 2015:417590.
18
19. Ye S, Zhu Y, Ming Y, She X, Liu H, Ye Q. Glycyrrhizin protects mice against renal ischemia-reperfusion injury through inhibition of apoptosis and inflammation by downregulating p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling. Exp Ther Med 2014; 7:1247-1252.
19
20. Fei L, Jifeng F, Tiantian W, Yi H, Linghui P. Glycyrrhizin ameliorate ischemia reperfusion lung injury through down-regulate TLR2 signaling cascade in alveolar macrophages. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:389.
20
21. Sil R, Ray D, Chakraborti AS. Glycyrrhizin ameliorates metabolic syndrome-induced liver damage in experimental rat model. Mol Cell Biochem 2015; 409:177-189.
21
22. Ikeda T, Abe K, Kuroda N, Kida Y, Inoue H, Wake K, et al. The inhibition of apoptosis by glycyrrhizin in hepatic injury induced by injection of lipopolysaccharide / D-galactosamine in mice. Arch Histol Cytol 2008; 71:163-178.
22
23. Wang Y, Wang Q, Zhang L, Ke Z, Zhao Y, Wang D, et al. Coptisine protects cardiomyocyte against hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced damage via inhibition of autophagy. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 490:231-238.
23
24. Qi L, Sun X, Li FE, Zhu BS, Braun FK, Liu ZQ, et al. HMGB1 promotes mitochondrial dysfunction-triggered striatal neurodegeneration via autophagy and apoptosis activation. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0142901.
24
25. Hu T, Wei G, Xi M, Yan J, Wu X, Wang Y, et al. Synergistic cardioprotective effects of Danshensu and hydroxysafflor yellow A against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury are mediated through the Akt/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Int J Mol Med 2016; 38:83-94.
25
26. Chai J, Luo L, Hou F, Fan X, Yu J, Ma W, et al. Agmatine reduces lipopolysaccharide-mediated oxidant response via activating PI3K/Akt pathway and up-regulating Nrf2 and HO-1 expression in macrophages. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0163634.
26
27. Gu L, Ye P, Li H, Wang Y, Xu Y, Tian Q, et al. Lunasin attenuates oxidant-induced endothelial injury and inhibits atherosclerotic plaque progression in ApoE(-/-) mice by up-regulating heme oxygenase-1 via PI3K/Akt/Nrf2/ARE pathway. FASEB J 2019; 33:4836-4850.
27
28. He M, Pan H, Chang RC, So KF, Brecha NC, Pu M. Activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 anti-oxidant pathway contributes to the protective effects of Lycium barbarum polysaccharides in the rodent retina after ischemia-reperfusion-induced damage. PLoS One 2014; 9:e84800.
28
29. Kim YM, Kim HJ, Chang KC. Glycyrrhizin reduces HMGB1 secretion in lipopolysaccharide-activated RAW 264.7 cells and endotoxemic mice by p38/Nrf2-dependent induction of HO-1. Int Immunopharmacol 2015; 26:112-118.
29
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Dimethyl itaconate protects against lipopolysaccharide-induced endometritis by inhibition of TLR4/NF-κB and activation of Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway in mice
Objective(s): Endometritis is the inflammation of the uterine lining that is associated with infertility. It affects milk production and reproductive performance and leads to huge economic losses in dairy cows. Dimethyl itaconate (DI), a promising chemical agent, has recently been proved to have multiple health-promoting effects. However, the effects of DI on endometritis remain to be unknown. Materials and Methods: In this study, we assessed the anti-inflammatory effects of DI on Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced endometritis in mice. The endometritis was induced by LPS treatment for 24 hr, and DI was given 24 hr before induction of LPS.Results: As a result, DI administered mice significantly suffered less impairment of uterine tissue and less recruitment of inflammatory cells than LPS administered mice. In addition, DI markedly inhibited uterine myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and pro-inflammatory cytokines of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) induced by LPS. Moreover, LPS-induced toll-like receptor 4/ nuclear factor-kappa B (TLR4/NF-κB) activation was suppressed by DI. In addition, the expressions of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase (HO-1) were upregulated by DI.Conclusion: These findings suggest that DI has anti-inflammatory functions in the LPS-induced mice and may be a therapeutic agent against endometritis.
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_16170_7d23d74288e60f270a9a6fbb15ab0ea7.pdf
2020-09-01
1239
1244
10.22038/ijbms.2020.44151.10346
Dimethyl itaconate Endometritis LPS NF
κB Nrf2 TLR4
Mingyue
Xu
xumingyue628@sina.com
1
Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130062, People, Republic of China
AUTHOR
Peng
Jiang
614635396@qq.com
2
Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130062, People, Republic of China
AUTHOR
Haowen
Sun
952986850@qq.com
3
Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130062, People, Republic of China
AUTHOR
Xin
Yuan
1159849775@qq.com
4
Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130062, People, Republic of China
AUTHOR
Siyuan
Gao
yinshui9917@163.com
5
Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130062, People, Republic of China
AUTHOR
Jian
Guo
471123562@qq.com
6
Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130062, People, Republic of China
AUTHOR
Caijun
Zhao
1714649430@qq.com
7
Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130062, People, Republic of China
AUTHOR
Xiaoyu
Hu
862682272@qq.com
8
Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130062, People, Republic of China
AUTHOR
Xueshibojie
Liu
liuxue123ll@163.com
9
Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
LEAD_AUTHOR
Yunhe
Fu
fuyunhesky@sina.com
10
Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130062, People, Republic of China
AUTHOR
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