ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Production and characterization of polyclonal antibody against a synthetic peptide from β-actin protein
Objective(s):Antibodies against actin, as one of the most widely studied structural and multifunctional housekeeping proteins in eukaryotic cells, are used as internal loading controls in western blot analyses. The aim of this study was to produce polyclonal antibody against a synthetic peptide derived from N-terminal region of β-actin protein to be used as a protein loading control in western blot and other assay systems. Materials and Methods: A synthetic peptide derived from β-actin protein was designed and conjugated to Keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH (and used to immunize a white New Zealand rabbit. The antibody was purified from serum by affinity chromatography column. The purity of the antibody was determined by SDS-PAGE and its ability to recognize the immunizing peptide was measured by ELISA. The reactivity of the antibody with β-actin protein in a panel of different cell lysates was then evaluated by western blot. In addition, the reactivity of the antibody with the corresponding protein was also evaluated by Immunocytochemistry and Immunohistochemistry in different samples. Results: The antibody could recognize the immunizing peptide in ELISA. It could also recognize β-actin protein in western blot as well as in immunocytochemistry and immunohistochemistry. Conclusion: Our data suggest that this antibody may be used as an internal control in western blot analyses as well as in other immunological applications such as ELISA,immunocytochemistry and immunohistochemistry.
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_2922_9b8238e0d5e29ca4a3e62f744be2bbde.pdf
2014-06-01
396
400
10.22038/ijbms.2014.2922
antibody
β-actin Immunocytochemistry
Immunohistochemistry Peptide
Western blot
Nazila
Amini
1
Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2 Monoclonal Antibody Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Mohadeseh
Naghi Vishteh
2
Monoclonal Antibody Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Omid
Zarei
omidzarei58@gmail.com
3
Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
AUTHOR
Reza
Hadavi
reza_jahrom@yahoo.com
4
Monoclonal Antibody Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Negah
Ahmadvand
5
Monoclonal Antibody Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Hodjattallah
Rabbani
hodrab@gmail.com
6
Monoclonal Antibody Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Mahmood
Jeddi-Tehrani
n.amini60@yahoo.com
7
Monoclonal Antibody Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
1. Hightower RC, Meagher RB. The molecular evolution of actin. Genetics 1986; 114:315-332.
1
2. Kettis AA, Lidman K, Fagraeus A. Actin in Entamoeba histolytica trophozoites revealed by human actin antibodies. J Parasitol 1977; 63:581-583.
2
3. Hunter T, Garrels JI. Characterization of the mRNAs for alpha-, beta- and gamma-actin. Cell 1977; 12:767-781.
3
4. Pollard TD, Cooper JA. Actin and actin-binding proteins. A critical evaluation of mechanisms and functions. Ann Rev Biochem 1986; 55:987-1035.
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5. Welch MD, Rosenblatt J, Skoble J, Portnoy DA, Mitchison TJ. Interaction of human Arp2/3 complex and the Listeria monocytogenes ActA protein in actin filament nucleation. Science 1998; 281:105-108.
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6. Herman IM. Actin isoforms. Curr Opin Cell Biol 1993; 5:48-55.
6
7. Yu HR, Kuo HC, Huang HC, Huang LT, Tain YL, Chen CC, et al. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase is a reliable internal control in Western blot analysis of leukocyte subpopulations from children. Anal Biochem 2011; 413:424.
7
8. Selvey S, Thompson E, Matthaei K, Lea RA, Irving MG, Griffiths L. [beta]-Actin--an unsuitable internal control for RT-PCR. Mol Cell Probes 2001; 15:307-311.
8
9. Avrameas S, Ternynck T. The cross-linking of proteins with glutaraldehyde and its use for the preparation of immunoadsorbents. Immunochemistry 1969; 6:53.
9
10. Zarei O, Irajian GR, Zarnani AH, Chamani-Tabriz L, Emami S, Jeddi-Tehrani M, et al. Peptide-based polyclonal antibody production against P110 protein of mycoplasma genitalium. Avicenna J Med Biotechnol 2011; 3:79-86.
10
11. Ferrante A, Thong Y. Optimal conditions for simultaneous purification of mononuclear and polymorphonuclear leucocytes from human blood by the Hypaque-Ficoll method. J Immunol Methods 1980; 36:109-117.
11
12. Hadavi R, Zarnani AH, Ahmadvand N, Mahmoudi AR, Bayat AA, Mahmoudian J, et al. Production of monoclonal antibody against human nestin. Avicenna J Med Biotechnol 2010; 2:69.
12
13. Gonsior SM, Platz S, Buchmeier S, Scheer U, Jockusch BM, Hinssen H. Conformational difference between nuclear and cytoplasmic actin as detected by a monoclonal antibody. J Cell Sci 1999; 112:797-809.
13
14. Wishart TM, Pemberton HN, James SR, McCabe CJ, Gillingwater TH. Modified cell cycle status in a mouse model of altered neuronal vulnerability (slow Wallerian degeneration; Wlds). Genome Biol 2008; 9:R101.
14
15. Mutsaers CA, Wishart TM, Lamont DJ, Riessland M, Schreml J, Comley LH, et al. Reversible molecular pathology of skeletal muscle in spinal muscular atrophy. Hum Mol Genet 2011; 20:4334-4344.
15
16. Li R, Shen Y. An old method facing a new challenge: Re-visiting housekeeping proteins as internal reference control for neuroscience research. Life Sci 2013.
16
17. Suzuki O, Koura M, Noguchi Y, Uchio-Yamada K, Matsuda J. Use of sample mixtures for standard curve creation in quantitative Western blots. Exp Anim 2011; 60:193-196.
17
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Comparison of the genetic convergence between myco-bacterium strains by three RFLP-based methods in central province of Iran
Objective(s):The utilization of molecular techniques in the epidemiology of tuberculosis have provided an opportunity for using effective markers to trace the transmission of the disease .The purpose of this study was to compare the genetic patterns of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by three methods of RFLP technique. Materials and Methods: In a cross-sectional and prospective study, 95 strains of M. tuberculosis isolates were selected for DNA fingerprinting. Extraction of DNA from Mycobacterium strains and DNA fingerprinting with IS-6110, PGRS and DR probe were performed by standard protocols. Results:Overall, the diversity of RFLP among 95 tuberculosis patients were 48, 50 and 45 on the basis of IS6110, PGRS and DR patterns, respectively. Twenty of these patterns (21.1%) with IS6110-RFLP, twenty-two (23.2%) with PGRS-RFLP and seventeen (17.9%) with DR-RFLP occurred with unique RFLP patterns, whereas the remaining 28 patterns were communal. The risk factors of clustering among tuberculosis patients were age < 45 years, new cases, degree of sputum smear ≥ 2+, and close contact. Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that IS6110-RFLP, PGRS-RFLP and DR-RFLP genotyping could roughly identify similar proportions of clustered (secondary) cases as well as the same risk factors for clustering.
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_2923_fabeb0ac5fe17e1f1a91d07489d88491.pdf
2014-06-01
401
405
10.22038/ijbms.2014.2923
DR-RFLP
Genetic convergence
IS6110-RFLP
Mycobacterium tuberculosis PGRS-RFLP
Aliasghar
Farazi
farazialiasghar@yahoo.com
1
Department of Infectious Diseases, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
AUTHOR
Mansoureh
Jabbariasl
jabbariasl@yahoo.com
2
Department of Disease Control and Prevention, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
AUTHOR
Keyvan
Tadayon
k.tadayon@rvsri.ir
3
Department of tuberculin Production, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Karaj, Iran
AUTHOR
Nader
Mossavar
nmosavari@yahoo.com
4
Department of tuberculin Production, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Karaj, Iran
AUTHOR
Roohollah
Keshavarz
piroozkeshavarz@gmail.com
5
Department of tuberculin Production, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Karaj, Iran
AUTHOR
Seyed davood
Hoseini
hosseinida@yahoo.com
6
Department of tuberculin Production, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Karaj, Iran
AUTHOR
Nilüfer
Orhan
7
Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, 06330 Hipodrom, Ankara, Turkey
AUTHOR
Didem
Deliorman Orhan
didemdeliorman@gmail.com
8
Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, 06330 Hipodrom, Ankara, Turkey
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mustafa
Aslan
maslan1969@gmail.com
9
Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, 06330 Hipodrom, Ankara, Turkey
AUTHOR
Fatma
Ergun
fergun@gazi.edu.tr
10
Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, 06330 Hipodrom, Ankara, Turkey
AUTHOR
1. Global Tuberculosis Report. World health organization (WHO) Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data.2012.Availble at: “www.who. int/tb/publications/global_report”.
1
2. McNabb SJN, Braden CR, Navin R. DNA fingerprinting of mycobacterium tuberculosis: lessons learned and implications for the future. Emerg Infect Dis 2002; 8:1314-1319.
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3. Kanduma E, McHugh TD, Gillespie SH. Molecular methods for Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain typing: a users’ guide. J Appl Microbiol 2003; 94:781-791.
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4. Mazurek GDH, Cave MD, Eisenach KD, Wallace RJ, Bates JH, Crawford JT. Chromosomal DNA fingerprint patterns produced with IS6110 as strain-specific markers for epidemiologic study of tuberculosis. J Clin Microbiol 1991; 29:2030-2033.
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5. Kozinska M, Augustynowicz-Kopec E, Zwolska Z, Brzezińska S, Zabost A, Anielak M, et al. Transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis among household contacts of patients with tuberculosis. Przegl Epidemiol 2008; 62: 55-62.
5
6. Kotłowski R, Shamputa IC, El Aila NA, Sajduda A, Rigouts L, van Deun A, et al. PCR-based genotyping of Mycobacterium tuberculosis with new GC-rich repeated sequences and IS6110 inverted repeats used as primers. J Clin Microbiol2 004; 42:372-377.
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7. Hermans PW, Schuitema AR, Van Soolingen D, Verstynen CP,Bik EM, Thole JE, et al. Specific detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex strains by polymerase chain reaction. J Clin Microbiol 1990; 28:1204-1213.
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8. Murry M, Nardell E. Molecular epidemiology of tuberculosis: achievements and challenges to current knowledge, Bull World Health Organ. 2002; 80: 477–482.
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9. Van Embden JDA, Cave MD, Crawford JT, Dale J, Eisenach KD, Gicquel B, et al. Strain identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by DNA fingerprinting: recommendations for a standardized methodology. J Clin Microbiol 1993; 31:406-409.
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10. Sola C, Horgen L, Goh KS, Rastogi N. Molecular
10
fingerprinting of Mycobacterium tuberculosis on a Caribbean Island with IS 6110 and Drs probes. J Clin Microbiol 1997; 35:843-846.
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11. Van Soolingen D, Qian L, de Haas PEW, Douglas JT, Traore H, Portaels F, et al. Predominance of a single genotype of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in countries of East Asia. J Clin Microbiol 1995; 33:3234-3238.
12
12. Torrea G, Levee G, Grimont P, Martin C, Chanteau S, Gicquel B. Chromosomal DNA fingerprinting analysis using the Insertion Sequence IS 6110 and the repetitive element DR as strain-specific markers for epidemiological study of tuberculosis in French Polynesia. J Clin Microbiol 1995; 33:1899-1904.
13
13. Van Soolingen D, de Haas PEW, Hermans PWM, Groenen PMA, van Embden JDA. Comparison of various repetitive DNA elements as genetic markers for strain differentiation and epidemiology of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. J Clin Microbiol 1993; 31: 1987-1995.
14
14. Sahadevan R, Narayanan S, Paramasivam CN, Prabhakar R, Narayanan PR. Restriction fragment length polymorphism typing of clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in Madras, India, by use of Direct- Repeat probe. J Clin Microbiol 1995; 33:3037-3039.
15
15. Farnia P, Nowroozi J, Kargar M, Nasiri B. Study on epidemiological patterns of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by fingerprinting. J Army Univ Med Sci IRAN 2008; 6:59-64. [Persian]
16
16. Rafiee B, Mosavari N, Farazi A, Nazari R, Keshavarz R, Tadayon K. DNA fingerprinting of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates of pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Markazi province by PGRS-RFLP method. Arak Univ Med Sci J 2012; 15:35-44. [Persian]
17
17. Asgharzadeh M, Shahbabian K, Samadi Kafil M, Rafi A. Use of DNA fingerprinting in identifying the source case of tuberculosis in East Azarbaijan province of Iran. J Med Sci 2007; 7:418-421.
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18. Borgdorff MW, Behr MA, Nagelkerke NJ, Hopewell PC, Small PM. Transmission of tuberculosis in San Francisco and its association with immigration and ethnicity. Int J Tuber Lung Dis 2000; 4:287-294.
19
19. Garcia-Garcia ML, Ponce de Leon A, Jimenez-Corona ME, Palacios-Martinez M, Balandrano-Campos S, Ferreyra-Reyes L, et al. Clinical consequences and transmissibility of drug-resistant tuberculosis in southern Mexico. Arch Intern Med 2000; 160:630-636.
20
20. Heldal E, Dahle UR, Sandven P, Caugant DA, Brattaas N, Waaler HT, et al. Risk factors for recent transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Eur Respir J 2003; 22:637-642.
21
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The effects of cyclooxygenase inhibitors on the gastric emptying and small intestine transit in the male rats following traumatic brain injury
Objective(s):This study was carried out to investigate the effects of COX-2 selective inhibitor (Celecoxib) or non-selective COX inhibitor (Ibuprofen) on gastrointestinal motility. Materials and Methods: The rats were randomly divided into five groups including: intact, sham, traumatic brain injury (TBI) group (intact rats under TBI), Celecoxib group (10 mg/kg), Ibuprofen group (10 mg/kg). Rats of the treatment groups received gavages at 1 hr before the TBI induction. The TBI was moderate and diffused using the Marmarou method. The gastric emptying and small intestine transit were measured by phenol red method. Results: The gastric emptying didn’t change following TBI induction compared to intact group. The consumption of ibuprofen or celecoxib didn’t have any effect on gastric emptying compared to sham group. TBI induction didn’t have any effect on the intestinal transit. Also, there was no significant difference between ibuprofen or celecoxib consumption vs. sham group (P>0.05). Conclusion: The COX-2 selective inhibitor (celecoxib) or non-selective COX inhibitor (ibuprofen) have no effects on gastric or small bowel transit. Further work is necessary to investigate the effects of non-selective COX inhibitors and their impact on gastrointestinal motility disorders.
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_2924_16dbd637afec3c3239860a395de2a9c2.pdf
2014-06-01
406
410
10.22038/ijbms.2014.2924
Brain injury
Celecoxib
Gastric Emptying
Ibuprofen
Zakieh
Keshavarzi
1
Department of Physiology, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mohammad
Khaksari
khaksar38@yahoo.co.uk
2
Department of Physiology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
AUTHOR
Nader
Shahrokhi
3
Department of Physiology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
AUTHOR
1. Wang KK, Larner SF, Robinson G, Hayes RL. Neuroprotection targets after traumatic brain injury. Curr Opin Neurol 2006; 19:514-519.
1
2. Hernández G, Hasbun P, Velasco N, Wainstein C, Bugedo G, Bruhn A, et al. Splanchnic ischemia and gut permeability after acute brain injury secondary to intracranial hemorrhage. Neurocrit Care 2007; 7:40-44.
2
3. Ferreira SH. Peripheral analgesic sites of action of anti-inflammatory drugs. Int J Clin Pract 2002; 128:2–10.
3
4. Warner TD, Giluliano F, Vojnovic I, Bukasa A, Mitchell JA, Vane JR. Nonsteroidal drug selectivities for cyclooxygenase- 1 rather than cyclooxygenase-2 are associated with human gastrointestinal toxicity: a full in vitro analysis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1999; 96:7563–7568.
4
5. Patrignani P. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, COX-2 and colorectal cancer. Toxicol Lett 2000; 112–113:493–498.
5
6. Maricic N, Ehrlich K, Gretzer B, Schuligoi R, Respondek M, Peskar BM. Selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors aggravate ischemia-reperfusion injury in the rat stomach. Br J Pharmacol 1999; 128; 1659–1666.
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7. Hawkey CJ. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug gastropathy. Gastroenterology 2000; 119:521–535.
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8. Tegeder I, Neupert W, Guhring H, Geisslinger G. Effects of selective and unselective cyclooxygenase inhibitors on prostanoid release from various rat organs. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2000; 292:1161–1168.
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9. Laudanno OM, Cesolari JA, Esnarriaga J, San MP, Bedini OA. In vivo selectivity of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and gastrointestinal ulcers in rats. Dig Dis Sci 2000; 45:1359–1365.
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10.Simon LS, Milis JA. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. N Engl J Med 1980; 302:1237–1243.
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11.Kayaalp O. Medicinal Pharmacology from Rational Cure Aspect (in Turkish). Feryal Press; 2000.p.1026.
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12.Buttgereit F, Burmester G, Simon LS. Gastrointestinal toxic side effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and cyclooxygenase-2-specific inhibitors. Am J Med 2001; 110:135–195.
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13.Fabricio AS, Veiga FH, Cristofoletti R, Navarra P, Souza GE. The effects of selective and nonselective cyclooxygenase inhibitors on endothelin-1-induced fever in rats. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2005; 288:R671-677.
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14.Dunn AJ, Chuluyan HE. The role of cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase in the interleukin-1 induced activation of the HPA axis: dependence on the route of injection. Life Sci 1992; 51:219-225.
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15.Marmarou A, Foda MA, van den Brink W, Campbell J, Kita H, Demetriadou K. A new model of diffuse brain injury in rats. J Neurosurg 1994; 80:291-300.
15
16.Suchitra AD, Dkhar SA, Shewade DG, Shashindran CH. Relative efficacy of some prokinetic drugs in morphine-induced gastrointestinal transit delay in mice. World J Gastroenterol 2003; 9:779-783.
16
17.Melro APC, Collares EF, Silva JMB. Effect of an isolated mild to moderate ischemic brain injury in the gastric emptying of liquids in rats. Acta Cir Bras 2008; 23:486.
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18.Lin-jie W, Li X, Yi-geng S, Hong-bin A. Effects of ligation of bilateral common carotid arteries on the gastric motilityin rats. J Biomed Engin Res 2007; 1.
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19.Garrick T, Mulvihill S, Buack S, Maeda-Hagiwara M, Tache Y. "Intracerebroventricular pressure inhibits gastric antral and duodenal contractility but not acid secretion in conscious rabbits." Gastroenterology 1988; 95:26.
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20.Dhillon HS, Donaldson D, Dempsey RJ, Prasad MR. Regional levels of free fatty acids and Evans blue extravasation after experimental brain injury. J Neurotrauma 1994; 11:405–415.
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21.Kontos HA, Weiep EP, Povlishock JT, Dietrich WD, Magiera CJ, Ellis EF. Cerebral arteriolar damage by arachidonic acid and prostaglandin G2. Science 1980; 209:1242–1245.
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22.Porcher C, Horowitz B, Bayguinov O, Ward SM, Sanders KM. Constitutive expression and function of cyclooxygenase-2 in murine gastric muscles. Gastroenterology 2002; 122:1442–1454.
22
23.Bouras EP, Burton DD, Camilleri M, Stephens DA, Thomforde GM. Effect of cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors on gastric emptying and small intestinal transit in humans. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2004; 16:729–735.
23
24.Tanaka A, Hase S, Miyazawa T, Ohno R, Takeuchi K. Role of cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 and COX-2 inhibition in nonsteroidalantiinflammatory drug-induced intestinal damage in rats: relation to various pathogenic events. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2002; 303:1248–1254.
24
25.Santos CL, Medeiros BA, Palheta-Junior RC, Macedo GM, Nobre-e-Souza MA, Troncon LE, Santos AA, Souza MH. Cyclooxygenase-2 inhibition increases gastric tone and delays gastric emptying in rats. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2007; 19:225-232.
25
26.Takeuchi K, Tanaka A, Hayashi Y, Kubo Y. Functional mechanism underlying COX-2 expression following administration of indomethacin in rat stomachs: importance of gastric hypermotility. Dig Dis Sci 2004; 49:180–187.
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27.Penston JG, Wormsley KG. The effect of prostaglandins on gastric emptying. Scand J Gastroenterol 1989; 164:127–132.
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28.Shahbazian A, Schuligoi R, Heinemann A, Peskar BA, Holzer P. Disturbance of peristalsis in the guinea-pig isolated small intestine by indomethacin, but not cyclo-oxygenase isoform-selective inhibitors. Br J Pharmacol 2001; 132:1299–1309.
28
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The effects of nano-silver and garlic administration during pregnancy on neuron apoptosis in rat offspring hippocampus
Objective(s):The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of nano-silver and garlic administration during pregnancy on neuron apoptosis in rat offspring hippocampus. Materials and Methods: Fifty pregnant wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups: 1- nano- silver (N.S) group; 30 mg/kg of N.S treated via gavage. 2- Control (C) group, administrated with distilled water via gavage. 3- N.S and garlic (N.S+G) group; N.S (30 mg/kg) and garlic juice (1 ml/100 g) treated via gavage simultaneously. 4- Garlic group (G); garlic juice (1 ml/100 g) administrated via gavage, 5- normal (N) without any intervention. All the interventions were done during pregnancy (21 days). Finally, the brains of rat offspring were removed to use for nano-silver level measurement and TUNEL staining. The mean of TUNEL positive cell numbers per unit area (NA) in different regions of hippocampus were compared in all animal groups. Results: The results revealed a significant increase of hippocampus nano-silver level in N.S and N.S+G groups comparing to N group (P<0.05) and a significant decrease in nano-silver level in N.S+G group comparing to N.S group (P<0.01). The number of TUNEL positive cells in the CA1, CA3, and DG fields of rat offspring hippocampus increased in N.S and N.S+G groups comparing to other ones, and also reduced significantly in N.S+G group comparing to N.S group (¥ P< 0.01). Conclusion: Our results showed that co-administration of nano-silver and garlic during pregnancy may lead to reduce nano-silver induced apoptotic cells in their offspring hippocampus.
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_2925_14e0bf3eb79fedb7fb4c97a1b556df18.pdf
2014-06-01
411
418
10.22038/ijbms.2014.2925
Apoptosis
Garlic
Hippocampus
Nano-silver
Maryam
Lale Ataei
1
Department of Anatomy and Cell biology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Ali Reza
Ebrahimzadeh-bideskan
2
Department of Anatomy and Cell biology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
1. Chen X, Schluesener HJ. Nanosilver: a nanoproduct in medical application. Toxicol Lett 2008; 176:1-12.
1
2. Miura N, Shinohara Y. Cytotoxic effect and apoptosis induction by silver nanoparticles in HeLa cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2009; 390:733-737.
2
3. Greulich C, Kittler S, Epple M, Muhr G, Koller M. Studies on the biocompatibility and the interaction of silver nanoparticles with human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). Langenbecks Arch Surg 2009; 394:495-502.
3
4. Hsin Y-H, Chen C-F, Huang S, Shih T-S, Lai P-S, Chueh PJ. The apoptotic effect of nanosilver is mediated by a ROS- and JNK-dependent mechanism involving the mitochondrial pathway in NIH3T3 cells. Toxicol Lett 2008; 179:130-139.
4
5. Asharani P, Sethu S, Lim HK, Balaji G, Valiyaveettil S, Hande MP. Differential regulation of intracellular factors mediating cell cycle, DNA repair and inflammation following exposure to silver nanoparticles in human cells. Genome Integr 2012; 3:2.
5
6. Christensen FM, Johnston HJ, Stone V, Aitken RJ, Hankin S, Peters S, et al. Nano-silver - feasibility and challenges for human health risk assessment based on open literature. Nanotoxicology 2010; 4:284-295.
6
7. Vega-Villa KR, Takemoto JK, Yanez JA, Remsberg CM, Forrest ML, Davies NM. Clinical toxicities of nanocarrier systems. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2008; 60:929-938.
7
8. Sharma HS, Hussain S, Schlager J, Ali SF, Sharma A. Influence of nanoparticles on blood-brain barrier permeability and brain edema formation in rats. Acta Neurochir Suppl 2010; 106:359-364.
8
9. Kim YS, Kim JS, Cho HS, Rha DS, Kim JM, Park JD, et al. Twenty-eight-day oral toxicity, genotoxicity, and gender-related tissue distribution of silver nanoparticles in Sprague-Dawley rats. Inhal Toxicol 2008; 20:575-583.
9
10. Park EJ, Bae E, Yi J, Kim Y, Choi K, Lee SH, et al. Repeated-dose toxicity and inflammatory responses in mice by oral administration of silver nanoparticles. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2010; 30:162-168.
10
11. Rojo MC, Gonzalez ME. In situ detection of apoptotic cells by TUNEL in the gill epithelium of the developing brown trout (Salmo trutta). J Anatomy 1998; 193:391-398.
11
12. Massadeh AM, Al-Safi SA, Momani IF, Alomary AA, Jaradat QM, AlKofahi AS. Garlic (Allium sativum L.) as a potential antidote for cadmium and lead intoxication: cadmium and lead distribution and analysis in different mice organs. Biol Trace Elem Res 2007; 120:227-234.
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13. El-Demerdash FM, Yousef MI, El-Naga NI. Biochemical study on the hypoglycemic effects of onion and garlic in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2005; 43:57-63.
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14. Shaarawy SM, Tohamy AA, Elgendy SM, Elmageed ZY, Bahnasy A, Mohamed MS, et al. Protective effects of garlic and silymarin on NDEA-induced rats hepatotoxicity. Int J Biol Sci 2009; 5:549-557.
14
15. Ray B, Chauhan NB, Lahiri DK. Oxidative insults to neurons and synapse are prevented by aged garlic extract and S-allyl-L-cysteine treatment in the neuronal culture and APP-Tg mouse model. J Neurochem 2011; 117:388-402.
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16. Eriksson PS, Perfilieva E, Bjork-Eriksson T, Alborn AM, Nordborg C, Peterson DA, et al. Neurogenesis in the adult human hippocampus. Nat Med 1998; 4:1313-1317.
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17. Convit A, Wolf OT, Tarshish C, de Leon MJ. Reduced glucose tolerance is associated with poor memory performance and hippocampal atrophy among normal elderly. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2003; 100:2019-2022.
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18. Raineki C, Holman PJ, Debiec J, Bugg M, Beasley A, Sullivan RM. Functional emergence of the hippocampus in context fear learning in infant rats. Hippocampus 2010; 20:1037-1046.
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19. Muller RU, Stead M, Pach J.The hippocampus as a cognitive graph. J Gen Physiol 1996; 107(6):663-94.
19
20. Mittal AK, Chisti Y, Banerjee UC. Synthesis of metallic nanoparticles using plant extracts. Biotechnol Adv 2013; 31:346-356.
20
21. Sadeghi A, Ebrahimzadeh-bideskan, Alipour F, Fazel A, Haghir H. The effect of ascorbic acid and garlic administration on lead-induced neural damage in rat offspring’s hippocampus. Iran J Basic Med Sic 2013; 16:157-164.
21
22. Kim YS, Song MY, Park JD, Song KS, Ryu HR, Chung YH, et al. Subchronic oral toxicity of silver nanoparticles. Part Fibre Toxicol 2010; 7:20.
22
23. Khordad E, Fazel F, Ebrahimzadeh-bideskan AR. The effect of ascorbic acid and garlic administration on lead-induced apoptosis in rat offspring’s eye retina. Iran Biomed J 2013; 17:206-213.
23
24. Rajabzadeh AA, Ebrahimzadeh-bideskan AR, Haghir H, Fazel AR. Morphometrical study of polysialylated neural cell adhesion molecule positive cells in rat pups hippocampus following induction of seizure during pregnancy. Iran Biomed J 2011; 15:157-163.
24
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37
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The effects of tramadol on norepinephrine and MHPG releasing in locus coeruleus in formalin test in rats: a brain stereotaxic study
Objective(s):The relationship between tramadol, as an antinociceptive drug, and locus coeruleus (LC), the main noradrenergic nucleus of the brain that affects regulation and modulation of pain through descending noradrenergic pathways was investigated. Materials and Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups of 10 rats. The rats were fixed in stereotaxic instrument and then a probe was inserted into LC. Pain was induced by subcutaneous injection of 50 μl of 2.5% formalin 40 minutes after initiation of microdialysisin right hind paw, and nociceptivepain scores were calculated every 5 minutes. Subsequently noradrenaline (NA) and its metabolite, 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol (MHPG), were collected and measured by microdialysis of locus coeruleus in freely moving rats every 15 minutes during formalin injection. Results: Nociceptive pain scores observed in formalin test had the highest nociceptive sensation 5 minutes after injection. Significant rises in concentrations of NA and MHPG, in samples taken between 30 and 45 min after initiation of the locus coeruleusmicrodialysis, coincided with the peak of the pain after injection of formalin. Conclusion: According toconcurrency of the highest nociceptive sensation and peak of NE and MHPG concentrations, tramadol can indirectly affect the LC by blocking the pain signals from different parts of the brain such as periaqueductal gray mater, central nucleus of amygdale or the spinal cord.
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_2926_9105b316871d19fcb527245b2cbc7093.pdf
2014-06-01
419
425
10.22038/ijbms.2014.2926
Antinociceptive
Locus coeruleus
Microdialysis
Stereotaxic instrument
Tramadol
Mohammad Ali
Mobasher
mobasherm@sums.ac.ir
1
1 Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
AUTHOR
Javad
Sajedianfard
jsajedianfard@gmail.com
2
Department of Physiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Akram
Jamshidzadeh
reza.heidari@hotmail.com
3
Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
AUTHOR
Naser
Naghdi
nnaghdiir@yahoo.com
4
Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute Pasture of Iran, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Mohammad Mehdi
Namvaran
mmehdi_namvaran@yahoo.com
5
Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
AUTHOR
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11.Plock N, Kloft C. Microdialysi-theoretical background and recent implementation in applied life-sciences. Eur J Pharm Sci 2005; 25:1-24.
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13.Viard E, Sapru HN. Carotid baroreflex in the rat: role of glutamate receptors in the medial subnucleus of the solitary tract. Neuroscience 2004; 126:785-794.
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14.Kawahara H, Kawahara Y, Westerink BHC. The role of afferents to the locus coeruleus in the handling stress-induced increase in the release of noradrenaline in the medial prefrontal cortex: a dual-probe microdialysis study in the rat brain. Eur J Pharmacol 2000; 387:279-286.
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15.Renno WM, Mullet MA, Williams FG, Beitz AJ. Construction of 1 mm microdialysis probe for amino acids dialysis in rats. J Neurosci Methods 1998; 79:217-228.
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16.DiFrancesco R, DiCenzo R, Vicente G, Donnelly J, Martin TM, Colon LA, et al. Determination of lopinavir cerebral spinal fluid and plasma ultrafiltrate concentrations by liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2007; 44:1139-1146.
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17.Alimoradian A, Sajedianfard J, Baha-aldini Beigy F, Panjehshahin MR, Owji AA. Relationship of dopamine of the nucleus accumbens with Intra-infralimbic apomorphine microinjection. Iran J Basic Med Sci 2013; 16:743-750.
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18.Sakiyama Y, Sujaku T, Furuta A. A novel automated method for measuring the effect of analgesics on formalin-evoked licking behavior in rats. J Neurosci Methods 2008; 167:167-175.
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19.Lee B-C, Eom K-H, Soh K-S. Primo-vessels and primo-nodes in rat brain, spine and sciatic nerve. J Acupunct Meridian Stud 2010; 3:111-115.
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21.Sauernheimer C, Williams KM, Brune K, Geisslinger G. Application of microdialysis to the pharmacokinetics of analgesics: Problems with reduction of dialysis efficiency in vivo. J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods 1994; 32:149-154.
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22.Cho HG, Lee HS, Bae M, Joo K. Chronic arthritis increases tyrosine hydroxylase mRNA levels in the pontine noradrenergic cell groups. Brain Res 1995; 695:96-99.
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23.Gutierrez-Guzman BE, Hernandez-Perez JJ, Lopez-Vazquez MA, Fregozo CS, Guevara MA, Olvera-Cortes ME. Serotonin depletion of supramammillary/posterior hypothalamus nuclei produces place learning deficiencies and alters the concomitant hippocampal theta activity in rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2012; 682:99-109.
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24.Milner D, Lara JP, Lopez de Miguel MP, Lopez-Gonzalez MV, Spyer KM, Gonzalez-Baron S. A5 region modulation of the cardiorespiratory responses evoked from parabrachial cell bodies in the anaesthetised rat. Brain Res 2003; 982:108-118.
24
25.Pudovkina OL, Westerink BHC. Functional role of alpha1-adrenoceptors in the locus coeruleus: a microdialysis study. Brain Res 2005; 1061:50-56.
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26.Nitz D, Siegel JM. GABA release in the locus coeruleus as a function of sleep/wake state. Neuroscience 1997; 78:795-801.
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27.Jodoj E, Chiang C, Aston-Jones G. Potent excitatory influence of prefrontal cortex activity on noradrenergic locus coeruleus neurons. Neuroscience 1998; 83:63-79.
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28.Zhong XL, Lv KR, Zhang Q, Yu JT, Xing YY, Wang ND, et al. Low-frequency stimulation of bilateral anterior nucleus of thalamus inhibits amygdale-kindled seizures in rats. Brain Res Bull 2011; 86:422-427.
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29.Liu N, Ho IK, Rockhold RW. Contribution of glutamatergic systems in locus coeruleus to nucleus paragigantocellularis stimulation-evoked behavior. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 1999; 63:555-567.
29
30.Safari MS, Haghparast A, Semnanian S. Effect of lidocaine administration at the nucleus locus coeruleus level on lateral hypothalamus-induced antinociception in the rat. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2009; 92:629-634.
30
31.Sanchez-Blazquez P, Gomez-Serranillos P, Garzon J. Agonists determine the pattern of G-protein activation in mu-opioid receptor-mediated supraspinal analgesia. Brain Res Bull 2001; 54:229-235.
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32.Simson PE, Weiss JM. Blockade of α2-adrenergic receptors, but not blockade of γ-aminobutyric acid, serotonin, or opiate receptors, augments responsiveness of locus coeruleus neurons to excitatory stimulation. Neuropharmacology 1989; 28:651-660.
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33.Sakiyama Y, Sujaku T, Furuta A. A novel automated method for measuring the effect of analgesics on formalin-evoked licking behavior in rats. J Neurosci Methods 2008;167:167-175.
33
34. Jodoj E, Chiang C, Aston-Jones G. Potent excitatory influence of prefrontal cortex activity on noradrenergic locus coeruleus neurons. Neuroscience 1998; 83:63-79.
34
35. Movassaghi S, Sharifi ZN, Soleimani M, Joghataii MT, Hashemi M, Shafaroodi H, et al. Effect of pentoxifylline on ischemia- induced brain damage and spatial memory impairment in rat. Iran J Basic Med Sci 2012; 15:1083–1090.
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36
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Enzyme inhibitory and radical scavenging effects of some antidiabetic plants of Turkey
Objective(s):Ethnopharmacological field surveys demonstrated that many plants, such as Gentiana olivieri, Helichrysum graveolens, Helichrysum plicatum ssp. plicatum, Juniperus oxycedrus ssp. oxycedrus, Juniperus communis var. saxatilis, Viscum album (ssp. album, ssp. austriacum), are used as traditional medicine for diabetes in different regions of Anatolia. The present study was designed to evaluate the in vitro antidiabetic effects of some selected plants, tested in animal models recently. Materials and Methods: α-glucosidase and α-amylase enzyme inhibitory effects of the plant extracts were investigated and Acarbose was used as a reference drug. Additionally, radical scavenging capacities were determined using 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) ABTS radical cation scavenging assay and total phenolic content of the extracts were evaluated using Folin Ciocalteu method. Results: H. graveolens ethanol extract exhibited the highest inhibitory activity (55.7 % ± 2.2) on α-amylase enzyme. Additionally, J. oxycedrus hydro-alcoholic leaf extract had potent α-amylase inhibitory effect, while the hydro-alcoholic extract of J. communis fruit showed the highest α-glucosidase inhibitory activity (IC50: 4.4 μg/ml). Conclusion:Results indicated that, antidiabetic effect of hydro-alcoholic extracts of H. graveolens capitulums, J. communis fruit and J. oxycedrus leaf might arise from inhibition of digestive enzymes.
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_2927_7371e14044edda934718ce3fe3e94c44.pdf
2014-06-01
426
432
10.22038/ijbms.2014.2927
α-Amylase
α-Glucosidase
Gentiana olivier
Helichrysum
Juniperus
Viscum album
Nilüfer
Orhan
1
Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, 06330 Hipodrom, Ankara, Turkey
AUTHOR
Sanem
Hoşbaş
snmhsbs@yahoo.com
2
Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, 06330 Hipodrom, Ankara, Turkey
AUTHOR
Didem
Deliorman Orhan
didemdeliorman@gmail.com
3
Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, 06330 Hipodrom, Ankara, Turkey
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mustafa
Aslan
maslan1969@gmail.com
4
Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, 06330 Hipodrom, Ankara, Turkey
AUTHOR
Fatma
Ergun
fergun@gazi.edu.tr
5
Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, 06330 Hipodrom, Ankara, Turkey
AUTHOR
1. Marles RJ, Farnsworth NR. Antidiabetic plants and their active constituents. Phytomedicine 1995; 2:137-189.
1
2. Shaw JE, Sicree RA, Zimmet PZ. Global estimates of the prevalence of diabetes for 2010 and 2030. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2010; 87:4-14.
2
3. Fujisawa T, Ikegami H, Inoue K, Kawabata Y, Ogihara T. Effect of two α-glucosidase inhibitors, voglibose and acarbose, on postprandial hyperglycemia correlates with subjective abdominal symptoms. Metabolism 2005; 54:387-390.
3
4. Gray AM, Flatt PR. Nature’s own pharmacy: the diabetes perspective. Proc Nutr Soc 1997; 56:507-517.
4
5. Gholamhosseinian A, Falah H, Sharififar F, Mirtajaddini M. The inhibitory effect of some Iranian plants extracts on the alpha glucosidase. Iran J Basic Med Sci 2008; 11:1-9.
5
6. World Health Organization. WHO Traditional Medicine Strategy 2002-2005, WHO, Geneva, Switzerland: 2002.
6
7. Andrade-Cetto A, Heinrich M. Mexican plants with hypoglycaemic effect used in the treatment of diabetes. J Ethnopharmacol 2005; 99:325-348.
7
8. Katemo M, Mpiana PT, Mbala BM, Mihigo SO, Ngbolua KN, Tshibangu DS, et al. Ethnopharmacological survey of plants used against diabetes in Kisangani City (DR Congo). J Ethnopharmacol 2012; 144:39-43.
8
9. Tahraoui A, El-Hilaly J, Israili ZH, Lyoussi B. Ethnopharmacological survey of plants used in the traditional treatment of hypertension and diabetes in south-eastern Morocco (Errachidia province). J Ethnopharmacol 2007; 110:105-117.
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10. Yaniv Z, Dafni A, Friedman J, Palevitch D. Plants used for the treatment of diabetes in Israel. J Ethnopharmacol 1987; 19:145-151.
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11. Sezik E, Aslan M, Yeşilada E, Ito S. Hypoglycaemic activity of Gentiana olivieri and isolation of the active constituent through bioassay-directed fractionation techniques. Life Sci 2005; 76:1223-1238.
11
12. Aslan M, Deliorman Orhan D, Orhan N, Sezik E, Yeşilada E. A study of antidiabetic and antioxidant effects of Helichrysum graveolens capitulums in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. J Med Food 2007; 10:396-400.
12
13. Orhan N, Aslan M, Demirci B, Ergun F. A bioactivity guided study on the antidiabetic activity of Juniperus oxycedrus subsp. oxycedrus L. leaves. J Ethnopharmacol 2012; 140:409-415.
13
14. Orhan N, Aslan M, Pekcan M, Deliorman Orhan D, Bedir E, Ergun F. Identification of hypoglycaemic compounds from berries of Juniperus oxycedrus subsp. oxycedrus through bioactivity guided isolation technique. J Ethnopharmacol 2012; 139:110-118.
14
15. Deliorman Orhan D, Aslan M, Şendoğdu N, Ergun F, Yeşilada E. Evaluation of the hypoglycemic effect and antioxidant activity of three Viscum album subspecies (European mistletoe) in streptozocin-diabetic rats. J Ethnopharmacol 2005; 98:95-102.
15
16. Aslan M, Deliorman Orhan D, Orhan N, Sezik E, Yeşilada E. In vivo antidiabetic and antioxidant potential of Helichrysum plicatum ssp. plicatum capitulums in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. J Ethnopharmacol 2007; 109:54-59.
16
17. Hudecová A, Kusznierewicz B, Hašplová K, Huk A, Magdolenová Z, Miadoková E, et al. Gentiana asclepiadea exerts antioxidant activity and enhances DNA repair of hydrogen peroxide- and silver nanoparticles-induced DNA damage. Food Chem Toxicol 2012; 50:3352-3359.
17
18. Loizzo MR, Tundis R, Conforti F, Saab AM, Statti GA, Menichini F. Comparative chemical composition, antioxidant and hypoglycaemic activities of Juniperus oxycedrus ssp. oxycedrus L. berry and wood oils from Lebanon. Food Chem 2007; 105:572-578.
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19. Kizilarslan Ç, Özhatay N. An ethnobotanical study of the useful and edible plants of İzmit. Marmara Pharm J 2012; 16:194-200.
19
20. Maritim AC, Sanders RA, Watkins JB. Diabetes, oxidative stress, and antioxidants: A review. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2003; 17:24-38.
20
21. Ali H, Houghton PJ, Soumyanath A. α-Amylase inhibitory activity of some Malaysian plants used to treat diabetes; with particular reference to Phyllanthus amarus. J Ethnopharmacol 2006; 107:449-455.
21
22. Lam SH, Chen JM, Kang CJ, Chen CH, Lee SS. α-Glucosidase inhibitors from the seeds of Syagrus romanzoffiana. Phytochemistry 2008; 69:1173-1178.
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23. Re R, Pellegrini N, Proteggente A, Pannala A, Yang M, Rice-Evans C. Antioxidant activity appliying an improved ABTS radical cation decolorization assay. Free Radic Biol Med 1999; 26:1231-1237.
23
24. Meot-Duros L, Le Floch G, Magne C. Radical scavenging, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of halophytic species. J Ethnopharmacol 2008; 116:258-262.
24
25. Gao X, Ohlander M, Jeppsson N, Björk L, Trajkovski V. Changes in antioxidant effects and their relationship to phytonutrients in fruits of sea Buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) during maturation. J Agric Food Chem 2000; 48:1485-1490.
25
26. Mayur B, Sandesh S, Shruti S, Sung-Yum S. Antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitory properties of Carpesium abrotanoides L. J Med Plant Res 2010; 4:1547-1553.
26
27. Inzucchi SE. Oral antihyperglycemic therapy for type 2 diabetes: scientific review. J Am Med Assoc 2002; 287:360-372.
27
28. Toeller M. Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors in diabetes: efficacy in NIDDM subjects. Eur J Clin Invest 1994; 24:31-35.
28
29. Bhat M, Zinjarde SS, Bhargava SY, Kumar AR, Joshi BN. Antidiabetic Indian plants: a good source of potent amylase inhibitors. Evid-Based Compl Alt Med 2011; 2011:810207.
29
30. Kumarappan C, Mandal SC. α-Glucosidase inhibitory activity and in vitro antioxidant activities of alcohol-water extract (AWE) of Ichnocarpus frutescens leaves. Med Chem Res 2008; 17:219-233.
30
31. Matsui T, Ebuchi S, Kobayashi M, Fukui K, Sugita K, Terahara N. Anti-hyperglycemic effect of diacylated anthocyanin derived from Ipomea batatas cultivar Ayamurasaki can be achieved by through the α-glucosidase inhibitory action. J Agric Food Chem 2002; 50:7244-7248.
31
32. Jeong EY, Cho KS, Lee HS. α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitors isolated from Triticum aestivum L. sprouts. J Korean Soc App Biol Chem 2012; 55:47-51.
32
33. Su CH, Hsu CH, Ng LT. Inhibitory potential of fatty acids on key enzymes related to type 2 diabetes. Biofactors 2013; 39:415-421.
33
34. Lohani H, Haider SZ, Chauhan NK, Sah S, Andola HC. Aroma profile of two Juniperus species from Alpine region in Uttarakhand. J Nat Prod 2013; 6:38-43.
34
35. Basak SS, Candan F. Effect of Laurus nobilis L. essential oil and its main components on α-glucosidase and reactive oxygen species scavenging activity. Iran J Pharm Res 2013; 12:367-379.
35
36. Rosa A, Deiana M, Atzeri A, Corona G, Incani A, Melis MP, et al. Evaluation of the antioxidant and cytotoxic activity of arzanol, a prenylated α-pyrone-phloroglucinol etherodimer from Helichrysum italicum subsp. microphyllum. Chem-Biol Interact 2007; 165:117-126.
36
37. Albayrak S, Aksoy A, Sagdic O, Hamzaoglu E. Compositions, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Helichrysum (Asteraceae) species collected from Turkey. Food Chem 2010; 119:114-122.
37
38. Narita Y, Kimura R, Nakagiri O, Inouye K. Kinetic analysis and mechanism on the inhibition of chlorogenic acids against porcine pancreas α-amylase. Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Coffee Science (ASIC), 2008, Campinas, SP-Brazil p. 171-175.
38
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Gender difference in motor impairments induced by chronic administration of vinblastine
Objective(s):Neurotoxicity of anticancer drugs complicates treatment of cancer patients. Vinblastine (VBL) is reported to induce motor and cognitive impairments in patients receiving chronic low-dose regimen. Materials and Methods: The effects of VBL treatment on motor, learning and memory functions of male and female Wistar rats were studied by behavioral related tests. Animals were given chronic intraperitoneal injections of VBL (0.2 mg/kg/week for 5 weeks) from postnatal day 23 to 52. Motor function was evaluated using grasping test and balancing was evaluated by the rotarod. Spatial learning and memory and anxiety-like behavior were determined using Morris water maze (MWM) task and open field test, respectively. Results: Administration of VBL caused severe damage to motor and balance function of male rats in comparison to female rats treated with VBL and rats treated with saline. Memory and locomotion were affected in both male and female rats compared with saline treated rats, while a sex difference was also observed in these parameters; male rats showed more impairment compared with female ones. Both male and female rats showed cognitive impairments in MWM task and no sex differences were observed in these functions. Conclusion: Results revealed that VBL is a potent neurotoxic agent and despite the profound effect of VBL on motor and cognitive functions, it seems that male rats are more susceptible to motor deficits induced by VBL.
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_2928_16ee86a3671ca0857a86cb6c53c4e652.pdf
2014-06-01
433
440
10.22038/ijbms.2014.2928
Anticancer
Learning and memory
motor function
Vinblastine
Shahrnaz
Parsania
parsania_shahrnaz@yahoo.com
1
Physiology Research Center, Neuropharmacology Institute, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
AUTHOR
Mohammad
Shabani
shabanimoh@gmail.com
2
Kerman Neuroscience Research Center, Neuropharmacology Institute, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Kasra
Moazzami
kasra.moazzami@gmail.com
3
Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02129, USA
AUTHOR
Moazamehosadat
Razavinasab
razavimoaz@yahoo.com
4
Physiology Research Center, Neuropharmacology Institute, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
AUTHOR
Mohammad Hassan
Larizadeh
larizad_mh@yahoo.com
5
Department of Radiation Oncology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
AUTHOR
Masoud
Nazeri
m.nazeri1989@gmail.com
6
Student research committee, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
AUTHOR
Majid
Asadi-Shekaari
majidasadi@kmu.ac.ir
7
Kerman Neuroscience Research Center, Neuropharmacology Institute, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
AUTHOR
Moein
Kermani
m.kermani1991@gmail.com
8
Student research committee, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
AUTHOR
1. Correa DD, Ahles TA. Neurocognitive changes in cancer survivors. Cancer J 2008; 14:396-400.
1
2. Liang GW, Lu WL, Wu JW, Zhao JH, Hong HY, Long C, et al. Enhanced therapeutic effects on the multi‐drug resistant human leukemia cells in vitro and xenograft in mice using the stealthy liposomal vincristine plus quinacrine. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2008; 22:429-437.
2
3. Tin SNW, Martin-Duverneuil N, Idbaih A, Garel C, Ribeiro M, Parker JL, et al. Efficacy of vinblastine in central nervous system Langerhans cell histiocytosis: a nationwide retrospective study. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2011; 6:83.
3
4. Shabani M, Larizadeh MH, Parsania S, Asadi- shekaari M, Shahrokhi N. Profound destructive effects of adolescent exposure to vincristine accompanied with some sex differences in motor and memory performance. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2012; 90:379-386.
4
5. Steward O, Goldschmidt RB, Sutula T. IV. Neurotoxicity of colchicine and other tubulin-binding agents: A selective vulnerability of certain neurons to the disruption of microtubules. Life Sci 1984; 35:43-51.
5
6. Kruczynski A, Hill BT. Vinflunine, the latest Vinca alkaloid in clinical development:: A review of its preclinical anticancer properties. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2001; 40:159-173.
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19. de Souza Lisboa SF, Gonçalves G, Komatsu F, Salci Queiroz CA, Aparecido Almeida A, Gastaldello Moreira E. Developmental lead exposure induces depressive-like behavior in female rats. Drug Chem Toxicol 2005; 28:67-77.
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24. Wright M, Garès M, Verdier-Pinard P, Moisand A, Berlion M, Legrand JJ, et al. Differential in vitro action of S-12363, a new vinblastine derivative, and of its epimer on microtubule proteins. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 1991; 28:434-440.
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31. Razavinasab M, Shamsizadeh A, Shabani M, Nazeri M, Allahtavakoli M, Asadi‐Shekaari M, et al. Pharmacological blockade of TRPV1 receptors modulates the effects of 6‐OHDA on motor and cognitive functions in a rat model of Parkinson's disease. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2012; 27: 632-640.
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40
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Frequencies of two functionally significant SNPs and their haplotypes of organic anion transporting polypeptide 1B1 SLCO1B1 gene in six ethnic groups of Pakistani population
Objective(s):Organic anion transporter polypeptide 1B1 (OATP1B1) encoded by solute carrier organic transporter 1B1 (SLCO1B1) gene; a transporter involved in the uptake of drugs and endogenous compounds is present in hepatocyte sinusoidal membrane. Aim of this study was to investigate the frequencies of functionally significant SNPs (388A>G and 521T>C) and their haplotypes in 6 ethnic groups of Pakistani population through the development of rapid and efficient Tetra amplification refractory mutation system (T. ARMS) genotyping assay. Materials and Methods: Frequencies of alleles, genotype, and haplotypes of two functionally significant Single nucleotide polymorphism in 180 healthy Pakistani subjects and distributions in six ethnic groups by using a single step T. ARMS genotyping assay. Results: The allelic frequency for 388A>G SNP was 50% in total Pakistani population with distributions of 9.7%, 15.1%, 19.4%, 16.1%, 18.3%, and 21.5% in Punjabi, Sindhi, Balouchi, Pathan, Kashmiri and Hazara/Baltistan groups respectively; and for 521T>C SNP it was 23.9% in total Pakistani population with distributions of 11.1%, 8.9%, 15.6%, 11.1%, 31.1% and 22.2% in Punjabi, Sindhi, Balouchi, Pathan, Kashmiri, and Hazara/Baltistan groups. Both functionally significant SNPs occurred in four major haplotypes with a frequency of 35.5% for 388A/521T (*1A), 40.5% for 388G/521T (*1B), 14.4% for 388A/521C (*5), and 9.4% for 388G/521C (*15) with varying distributions among six ethnic groups. Conclusion: The 388A>G and 521T>C genotypes and corresponding haplotypes are present at varying frequencies in various ethnic groups of Pakistani population. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_2929_abeca501d9b5d89c21ffc66a9cc6fcfc.pdf
2014-06-01
441
447
10.22038/ijbms.2014.2929
Haplotype
OATP1B1
single nucleotide polymorphism
SLCO1B1
Tausif Ahmed
Rajput
1
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Centre for Research in Experimental and Applied Medicine (CREAM), Army Medical College, National University of Sciences & Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
LEAD_AUTHOR
Abdul Khaliq
Naveed
2
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Centre for Research in Experimental and Applied Medicine (CREAM), Army Medical College, National University of Sciences & Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
AUTHOR
Shakir
Khan
drshakirkhan@hotmail.com
3
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Centre for Research in Experimental and Applied Medicine (CREAM), Army Medical College, National University of Sciences & Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
AUTHOR
Zia-Ur
Rehman Farooqi
4
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Centre for Research in Experimental and Applied Medicine (CREAM), Army Medical College, National University of Sciences & Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
AUTHOR
1. Giacomini KM, Sugiyama Y. Goodman and Gillman's the pharmacological basis of therapeutics. Brunton LL, Lazo JS, Parker KL. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2006.
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2. Zair ZM, Eloranta JJ, Stieger B, Kullak-Ublick GA. Pharmacogenetics of OATP (SLC21/SLCO), OAT and OCT (SLC22) and PEPT (SLC15) transporters in the intestine, liver and kidney. Pharmacogenomics 2008; 9:597-624.
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3. Niemi M. Role of OATP transporters in the disposition of drugs. Pharmacogenomics 2007; 8:787-802.
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4. Seithel A, Glaeser H, Fromm MF, Konig J. The functional consequences of genetic variations in transporter genes encoding human organic anion-transporting polypeptide family members. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2008; 4:51-64.
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5. Pasanen MK, Neuvonen PJ, Niemi M. Global analysis of genetic variation in SLCO1B1. Pharmacogenomics 2008; 9:19-33.
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6. Morimoto K, Oishi T, Ueda S, Ueda M, Hosokawa M, Chiba K. A novel variant allele of OATP-C (SLCO1B1) found in a Japanese patient with pravastatin-induced myopathy. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2004; 19:453-455.
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7. Zimmerman EI, Hu S, Roberts JL, Gibson AA, Orwick SJ, Li L, et al. Contribution of OATP1B1 and OATP1B3 to the disposition of sorafenib and sorafenib-glucuronide. Clin Cancer Res 2013; 19:1458-1466.
7
8. Anne TN, Mikko N, Oliver B, Stefan W, Ulrich MZ, Bruno S, et al. Genetics is a major determinant of expression of the human hepatic uptake transporter OATP1B1, but not of OATP1B3 and OATP2B1. Genome Med 2013; 5:1.
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9. Zhu J, Song M, Tan HY, Huang LH, Huang ZJ, Liu C, et al. Effect of pitavastatin in different SLCO1B1 backgrounds on repaglinide pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in healthy Chinese males. Pak J Pharm Sci 2013; 26:577-584.
9
10. Zhou Q, Ruan ZR, Jiang B, Yuan H, Zeng S. Simvastatin pharmacokinetics in healthy Chinese subjects and its relations with CYP2C9, CYP3A5, ABCB1, ABCG2 and SLCO1B1 polymorphisms. Die Pharmazie 2013; 68:124-128.
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11. Zhou Q, Chen QX, Ruan ZR, Yuan H, Xu HM, Zeng S. CYP2C9*3(1075A > C), ABCB1 and SLCO1B1 genetic polymorphisms and gender are determinants of inter-subject variability in pitavastatin pharmacokinetics. Die Pharmazie 2013; 68:187-194.
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12. Shitara Y, Maeda K, Ikejiri K, Yoshida K, Horie T, Sugiyama Y. Clinical significance of organic anion transporting polypeptides (OATPs) in drug disposition: their roles in hepatic clearance and intestinal absorption. Biopharm Drug dispos 2013; 34:45-78.
12
13. Ulvestad M, Skottheim IB, Jakobsen GS, Bremer S, Molden E, Asberg A, et al. Impact of OATP1B1, MDR1, and CYP3A4 expression in liver and intestine on interpatient pharmacokinetic variability of atorvastatin in obese subjects. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2013; 93:275-282.
13
14. Niemi M, Schaeffeler E, Lang T, Fromm MF, Neuvonen M, Kyrklund C, et al. High plasma pravastatin concentrations are associated with single nucleotide polymorphisms and haplotypes of organic anion transporting polypeptide-C (OATP-C, SLCO1B1). Pharmacogenetics 2004; 14:429-440.
14
15. Shabana MF, Mishriki AA, Issac MS, Bakhoum SW. Do MDR1 and SLCO1B1 Polymorphisms influence the therapeutic response to atorvastatin? A study on a cohort of egyptian patients with hypercholesterolemia. Mol Diagn Ther 2013; 17:299-309.
15
16. Tamraz B, Fukushima H, Wolfe AR, Kaspera R, Totah RA, Floyd JS, et al. OATP1B1-related drug-drug and drug-gene interactions as potential risk factors for cerivastatin-induced rhabdomyolysis. Pharmacogenet Genomics 2013; 23:355-364.
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17. Scarpini F, Cappellone R, Auteri A, Puccetti L. Role of genetic factors in statins side-effects. Cardiovasc Hematol Dis Drug Targets 2012; 12:35-43.
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18. Wierzbicki AS, Viljoen A, Hardman TC, Mikhailidis DP. New therapies to reduce low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Curr Opin Cardiol 2013; 28:452-457.
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19. Nies AT, Niemi M, Burk O, Winter S, Zanger UM, Stieger B, et al. Genetics is a major determinant of expression of the human hepatic uptake transporter OATP1B1, but not of OATP1B3 and OATP2B1. Genome Med 2013; 5:1.
19
20. Ngaimisi E, Habtewold A, Minzi O, Makonnen E, Mugusi S, Amogne W, et al. Importance of ethnicity, CYP2B6 and ABCB1 genotype for efavirenz pharmacokinetics and treatment outcomes: A parallel-group prospective cohort study in two sub-Saharan Africa Populations. PloS One 2013; 8:e67946.
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21. Qaigen. QIAamp DNA Mini and Blood Mini Handbook. 2nd ed. Qaigen, Helden, Germany: 2007.
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22. Ye S, Dhillon S, Ke X, Collins AR, Day IN. An efficient procedure for genotyping single nucleotide polymorphisms. Nucleic Acids Res 2001; 29:E88-98.
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23. Excoffier L, Lischer HE. Arlequin suite ver 3.5: a new series of programs to perform population genetics analyses under Linux and Windows. Mol Ecol Resour 2010; 10:564-567.
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24. Slatkin M. Linkage disequilibrium in growing and stable populations. Genetics 1994; 137:331-336.
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25. Aklillu E, Mugusi S, Ngaimisi E, Hoffmann MM, Konig S, Ziesenitz V, et al. Frequency of the SLCO1B1 388A>G and the 521T>C polymorphism in Tanzania genotyped by a new LightCycler(R)-based method. Eur J Clin Pharm 2011; 67:1139-1145.
25
26. Santos PC, Soares RA, Nascimento RM, Machado-Coelho GL, Mill JG, Krieger JE, et al. SLCO1B1 rs4149056 polymorphism associated with statin-induced myopathy is differently distributed according to ethnicity in the Brazilian general population: Amerindians as a high risk ethnic group. BMC Med Genet 2011; 12:136.
26
27. Sortica Vde A, Ojopi EB, Genro JP, Callegari-Jacques S, Ribeiro-Dos-Santos A, de Moraes MO, et al. Influence of genomic ancestry on the distribution of SLCO1B1, SLCO1B3 and ABCB1 gene polymorphisms among Brazilians. Basic Clin Pharm Toxicol 2012; 110:460-468.
27
28. Jada SR, Xiaochen S, Yan LY, Xiaoqiang X, Lal S, Zhou SF, et al. Pharmacogenetics of SLCO1B1: haplotypes, htSNPs and hepatic expression in three distinct Asian populations. Eur J Clin Pharm 2007; 63:555-563.
28
29. Man M, Farmen M, Dumaual C, Teng CH, Moser B, Irie S, et al. Genetic variation in metabolizing enzyme and transporter genes: comprehensive assessment in 3 major East Asian subpopulations with comparison to Caucasians and Africans. J Clin Pharm 2010; 50:929-940.
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30. Boivin AA, Cardinal H, Barama A, Pichette V, Hebert MJ, Roger M. Organic anion transporting polypeptide 1B1 (OATP1B1) and OATP1B3: genetic variability and haplotype analysis in white Canadians. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2010; 25:508-515.
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31. Pasanen MK, Backman JT, Neuvonen PJ, Niemi M. Frequencies of single nucleotide polymorphisms and haplotypes of organic anion transporting polypeptide 1B1 SLCO1B1 gene in a Finnish population. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2006; 62:409-415.
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32. Mwinyi J, Kopke K, Schaefer M, Roots I, Gerloff T. Comparison of SLCO1B1 sequence variability among German, Turkish, and African populations. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2008; 64:257-266.
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33. Endo S, Fukahori A, Tokuhiro S, Shinagawa A, Walker J, Yoshihara K, et al. Association study of genetic polymorphisms of drug transporters, SLCO1B1, SLCO1B3 and ABCC2, in African-Americans, Hispanics and Caucasians and olmesartan exposure. J Hum Genet 2012; 57:531-544.
33
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Pantoprazole, a proton pump inhibitor, increases orthodontic tooth movement in rats
Objective(s):Pantoprazole, is a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) prescribed for the treatment of upper gastrointestinal disorders, which in high doses has been suggested to decrease calcium absorption leading to hypocalcaemia and therefore osteoporosis. The aim of this study was to assess whether pantoprazol, could alter the rate of orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) in rats. Materials and Methods: A time course study was established using 72 rats which were divided into six groups of 12 samples each (four: vehicle; eight: pantoprazole + vehicle). Pantoprazole at a dose of 200 mg/kg suspended in carboxymethyl cellulose (0.25 percent) was administered by a gastric tube. The upper incisors and first molars were ligated by a 5 mm nickel-titanium closed-coil spring to deliver an initial force of 60 g. Animals were euthanized two weeks after orthodontic treatment followed by assessment of tooth movement and histomorphometric evaluation of the detached maxillae. Lateral skull radiographs were obtained once a week, starting from the first day to the 6th week of the study. OTM and bone density data were analyzed using independent sample t-test and repeated measures ANOVA. Results: No significant changes in OTM measurements and optical density were observed in vehicle-receiving animals during the study (P=0.994). OTM was significantly increased after six weeks pantoprazole therapy which continued until the 7th week of the experiment (P=0.007). Optical density significantly increased in the pantoprazole-treated rats after six weeks. Conclusion: Long term PPI therapy at high doses could lead to osteoporosis and enhanced OTM.
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_2930_9e94db700a477e5242e1cd3e22507324.pdf
2014-06-01
448
453
10.22038/ijbms.2014.2930
Pantoprazole
Proton pump inhibitors
Radiography
Rats
Tooth movement
Mohsen
Shirazi
mohsenshirazi@irimc.org
1
Dental Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Houman
Alimoradi
houman.alimoradi@gmail.com
2
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Otago, P.O. Box 913, Dunedin, New Zealand
AUTHOR
Yasaman
Kheirandish
kheirandish@tums.ac.ir
3
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Shahroo
Etemad‐Moghadam
4
Dental Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Mojgan
Alaeddini
malaeddini@yahoo.com
5
Dental Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Alipasha
Meysamie
meysamie@tums.ac.ir
6
Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Seyed Amir Reza
Fatahi Meybodi
fattahihamidi@yahoo.com
7
Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
AUTHOR
Ahmad Reza
Dehpour
dehpour@yahoo.com
8
Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
1.Stedman CA, Barclay ML. Review article: comparison of the pharmacokinetics, acid suppression and efficacy of proton pump inhibitors. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2000; 14: 963 - 978.
1
2.Horn J. The proton-pump inhibitors: similarities and differences. Clin Ther. 2000; 22: 266 - 280.
2
3.Jung HK. Is there any association of osteoporosis with proton pump inhibitor use? (Gastroenterology 2010; 138:896-904). J Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2010; 16: 335-336.
3
4.Yang YX, Lewis JD, Epstein S, Metz DC. Long-term protons pump inhibitor therapy and risk of hip fracture. JAMA. 2006; 296: 2947-2953.
4
5.Coté GA, Howden CW. Potential adverse effects of proton pump inhibitors. Curr Gastroenterol Rep. 2008; 10: 208-214.
5
6.Robertson DJ, Larsson H, Friis S, Pedersen L, Baron JA, Sørensen HT. Proton pump inhibitor use and risk of colorectal cancer: a population-based, case-control study. Gastroenterology. 2007; 133: 755-760.
6
7.Kobayashi Y, Takagi H, Sakai H, Hashimoto F, Mataki S, Kobayashi K, et al. Effects of local administration of osteocalcin on experimental tooth movement. Angle Orthod. 1998; 68: 259-266.
7
8.Norevall LI, Forsgren S, Matsson L. Expression of neuropeptides (CGRP, substance P) during and after orthodontic tooth movement in the rat. Eur J Orthod. 1995; 17: 311-325.
8
9.Sprogar S, Meh A, Vaupotic T, Drevensek G, Drevensek M. Expression levels of endothelin-1, endothelin-2, and endothelin-3 vary during the initial, lag, and late phase of orthodontic tooth movement in rats. Eur J Orthod. 2010; 32: 324-328.
9
10.Shirazi M, Ameri A, Shafaroodi H, Motahhary P, Saleh T, Ghasemi M, et al. Orthodontic tooth movement in cholestatic and cirrhotic rats. J Orthod. 2008; 35: 119-125.
10
11.Shirazi M, Dehpour AR, Jafari F. The effect of thyroid hormone on orthodontic tooth movement in rats. J Clin Pediatr Dent. 1999; 23: 259-264.
11
12.Shirazi M, Khosrowshahi M, Dehpour AR. The effect of chronic renal insufficiency on orthodontic tooth movement in rats. Angle Orthod. 2001; 71: 494-498.
12
13.Shirazi M, Nilforoushan D, Alghasi H, Dehpour AR. The role of nitric oxide in orthodontic tooth movement in rats. Angle Orthod. 2002; 72: 211-215.
13
14.Wei QS, Huang L, Chen XH, Wang HB, Sun WS, Huo SC, Li ZQ, Deng WM. Effect of whole body vibration therapy on circulating serotonin levels in an ovariectomized rat model of osteoporosis. Iran J Basic Med Sci; 2014; 17: 62-68.
14
15.Araghizadeh N, Paknejad M, Alaeddini M, Minaii B, Abdollahi M, Khorasanie R. The efficacy and prophylactic characteristics of omega-3 fatty acids in experimental gingivitis in rats. Iran J Basic Med Sci; 2014; 17:87-92.
15
16.Amerion M, Tahajjodi S, Mahdavi Shahri N, Nikravesh MR, Jalali M. The effect of maternal thyroid disorders (Hypothyroidism and Hyperthyroidism) during pregnancy and lactation on skin development in Wistar rat newborns. Iran J Basic Med Sci; 2013; 16: 665-674.
16
17.Martinsen TC, Skogaker NE, Bendheim MØ, Waldum HL. Antral G cells in rats during dosing with a PPAR alpha agonist: a morphometric and immunocytochemical study. Med Electron Microsc. 2003; 36: 18-32.
17
18.Talaeipour AR, Shirazi M, Kheirandish Y, Delrobaie A, Jafari F, Dehpour AR. Densitometric evaluation of skull and jaw bones after administration of thyroid hormones in rats. Dentomaxillofac Radiol. 2005; 34: 332-336.
18
19.Nilforoushan D, Shirazi M, Dehpour AR. The role of opioid systems on orthodontic tooth movement in cholestatic rats. Angle Orthod. 2002; 72: 476-480.
19
20.Targownik LE, Lix LM, Leung S, Leslie WD. Proton-pump inhibitor use is not associated with osteoporosis or accelerated bone mineral density loss. Gastroenterology. 2010; 138: 896-904.
20
21.Nealis TB, Howden CW. Is there a dark side to long-term proton pump inhibitor therapy? Am J Ther. 2008; 15: 536-542.
21
22.Roux C, Briot K, Gossec L, Kolta S, Blenk T, Felsenberg D, et al. Increase in vertebral fracture risk in postmenopausal women using omeprazole. Calcif Tissue Int. 2009; 84: 13-19.
22
23.O'Connell MB, Madden DM, Murray AM, Heaney RP, Kerzner LJ. Effects of proton pump inhibitors on calcium carbonate absorption in women: a randomized crossover trial. Am J Med. 2005; 118: 778-781.
23
24.Cui GL, Syversen U, Zhao CM, Chen D, Waldum HL. Long-term omeprazole treatment suppresses body weight gain and bone mineralization in young male rats. Scand J Gastroenterol. 2001; 36: 1011-1015.
24
25.Melo AC, Carneiro LO, Pontes LF, Cecim RL, de Mattos JN, Normando D. Factors related to orthodontic treatment time in adult patients. Dental Press J Orthod. 2013; 18: 59-63.
25
26.Ward RM1, Kearns GL. Proton pump inhibitors in pediatrics: mechanism of action, pharmacokinetics, pharmacogenetics, and pharmacodynamics. Paediatr Drugs. 2013; 15: 119-31.
26
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Mild hypothermia reduces expression of Fas/FasL and MMP-3 after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in rats
Objective(s):To investigate the effects of local mild hypothermia on the expression of Fas, FasL and MMP-3 after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in rats. Materials and Methods:Male Wistar rats were divided into sham-operated group (Sham), normothermia group (NT), and hypothermia group (HT). MCAO/R model was established by Longa’s method, and reperfusion was allowed after 2 hr occlusion. Mild hypothermia (33±0.5℃) for 6 hr was initiated at the start of reperfusion. Immunohistochemistry was performed to determine expression Fas, FasL, and MMP-3. Results: Infarct volume was reduced in the hypothermia group (18.43±4.23%) compared with the normothermia group (24.76±5.76%) (P<0.05). In mild hypothermia group, numbers of Fas-positive and MMP-3 positive cells were significantly less than those of normothermia group (P<0.05). Neurological functional scores of mild hypothermia were significantly improved (P<0.05). Conclusion: Mild hypothermia decreases infarct volume after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion, reduces Fas and MMP-3 expression, but increases FasL in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion rats.
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_2931_b923cc1f5f757de29207887f9de1a18c.pdf
2014-06-01
454
459
10.22038/ijbms.2014.2931
Cerebral ischemia/reperfusion
Fas
FasL
Hypothermia
MACO rat
MMP-3
Jingkun
Zhao
301zhao@gmail.com
1
Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
AUTHOR
Shurong
Duan
zhao.hmufh.medix@gmail.com
2
Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
LEAD_AUTHOR
Jinxia
Zhou
301zhou@gamil.com
3
PuRen Hospital of WuHan, Wu han, China
AUTHOR
Ruihong
Sun
aumeidx@gmail.com
4
Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
AUTHOR
Liming
Zhang
301zhang@gmail.com
5
Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
AUTHOR
Desheng
Wang
301wang@gmail.com
6
Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
AUTHOR
1. Sahota P, Savitz SI. Investigational therapies for ischemic stroke: Neuroprotection and neurorecovery. Neurotherapeutics 2011; 8:434-451.
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2. Klassman L. Therapeutic hypothermia in acute stroke. J Neurosci Nurs 2011; 43:94-103.
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3. Liu L, Yenari MA. Therapeutic hypothermia: Neuroprotective mechanisms. Front Biosci 2007; 12:816-825.
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4. Hammer MD, Krieger DW. Hypothermia for acute ischemic stroke: Not just another neuroprotectant. Neurologist 2003; 9:280-289.
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5. Barone FC, Feuerstein GZ, White RF. Brain cooling during transient focal ischemia provides complete neuroprotection. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 1997; 21:31-44.
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6. Mori K, Miyazaki M, Iwase H, Maeda M. Temporal profile of changes in brain tissue extracellular space and extracellular ion (na(+), k(+)) concentrations after cerebral ischemia and the effects of mild cerebral hypothermia. J Neurotrauma 2002; 19:1261-1270.
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7. Prandini MN, Neves Filho A, Lapa AJ, Stavale JN. Mild hypothermia reduces polymorphonuclear leukocytes infiltration in induced brain inflammation. Arq Neuropsiquiatr 2005; 63:779-784.
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8. Nakashima K, Todd MM. Effects of hypothermia on the rate of excitatory amino acid release after ischemic depolarization. Stroke 1996; 27:913-918.
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9. Ceulemans AG, Zgavc T, Kooijman R, Hachimi-Idrissi S, Sarre S, Michotte Y. The dual role of the neuroinflammatory response after ischemic stroke: Modulatory effects of hypothermia. J Neuroinflammation 2010; 7:74.
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10. Drury PP, Bennet L, Gunn AJ. Mechanisms of hypothermic neuroprotection. Semin Fetal Neonatal Med 2010; 15:287-292.
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11. Padosch SA, Popp E, Vogel P, Bottiger BW. Altered protein expression levels of fas/cd95 and fas ligand in differentially vulnerable brain areas in rats after global cerebral ischemia. Neurosci Lett 2003; 338:247-251.
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12. Martin-Villalba A, Hahne M, Kleber S, Vogel J, Falk W, Schenkel J, et al. Therapeutic neutralization of cd95-ligand and tnf attenuates brain damage in stroke. Cell Death Differ 2001; 8:679-686.
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13. Blankenberg FG, Kalinyak J, Liu L, Koike M, Cheng D, Goris ML, et al.99mtc-hynic-annexin v spect imaging of acute stroke and its response to neuroprotective therapy with anti-fas ligand antibody. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2006; 33:566-574.
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14. Martin-Villalba A, Herr I, Jeremias I, Hahne M, Brandt R, Vogel J, et al. Cd95 ligand (fas-l/apo-1l) and tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand mediate ischemia-induced apoptosis in neurons. J Neurosci 1999; 19:3809-3817.
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15. Rosenbaum DM, Gupta G, D'Amore J, Singh M, Weidenheim K, Zhang H, et al. Fas (cd95/apo-1) plays a role in the pathophysiology of focal cerebral ischemia. J Neurosci Res 2000; 61:686-692.
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16. Powell WC, Fingleton B, Wilson CL, Boothby M, Matrisian LM. The metalloproteinase matrilysin proteolytically generates active soluble fas ligand and potentiates epithelial cell apoptosis. Curr Biol 1999; 9:1441-1447.
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17. Matsuno H, Yudoh K, Watanabe Y, Nakazawa F, Aono H, Kimura T. Stromelysin-1 (mmp-3) in synovial fluid of patients with rheumatoid arthritis has potential to cleave membrane bound fas ligand. J Rheumatol 2001; 28:22-28.
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18. Mitsiades N, Yu WH, Poulaki V, Tsokos M, Stamenkovic I. Matrix metalloproteinase-7-mediated cleavage of fas ligand protects tumor cells from chemotherapeutic drug cytotoxicity. Cancer Res 2001; 61:577-581.
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19. Horstmann S, Kalb P, Koziol J, Gardner H, Wagner S. Profiles of matrix metalloproteinases, their inhibitors, and laminin in stroke patients: Influence of different therapies. Stroke 2003; 34:2165-2170.
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20. Holdenrieder S, Lutjohann D, Geiger S, von Bergmann K, Stieber P, Hamann GF. Does brain specific 24s-hydroxycholesterol in plasma indicate the disruption of the blood-brain barrier in patients with ischemic stroke? Neurosci Lett 2004; 368:201-204.
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21. Lee JE, Yoon YJ, Moseley ME, Yenari MA. Reduction in levels of matrix metalloproteinases and increased expression of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 in response to mild hypothermia therapy in experimental stroke. J Neurosurg 2005; 103:289-297.
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22. Liu L, Kim JY, Koike MA, Yoon YJ, Tang XN, Ma H, et al. Fasl shedding is reduced by hypothermia in experimental stroke. J Neurochem 2008; 106:541-550.
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23.Longa EZ, Weinstein PR, Carlson S, Cummins R. Reversible middle cerebral artery occlusion without craniectomy in rats. Stroke 1989; 20:84-91.
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24. Han HS, Qiao Y, Karabiyikoglu M, Giffard RG, Yenari MA. Influence of mild hypothermia on inducible nitric oxide synthase expression and reactive nitrogen production in experimental stroke and inflammation. J Neurosci 2002; 22:3921-3928.
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25. Bederson JB, Pitts LH, Tsuji M, Nishimura MC, Davis RL, Bartkowski H. Rat middle cerebral artery occlusion: Evaluation of the model and development of a neurologic examination. Stroke 1986; 17:472-476.
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26. Feeney DM, Gonzalez A, Law WA. Amphetamine, haloperidol, and experience interact to affect rate of recovery after motor cortex injury. Science 1982; 217:855-857.
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27. Movassaghi S, Nadia Sharifi Z, Soleimani M, Joghataii MT, Hashemi M, Shafaroodi H, Mehdizadeh M. Effect of pentoxifylline on ischemia- induced brain damage and spatial memory impairment in rat. Iran J Basic Med Sci 2012; 15:1083-1090.
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28. Polderman KH. Mechanisms of action, physiological effects, and complications of hypothermia. Crit Care Med 2009; 37:S186-202.
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29. Marion D, Bullock MR. Current and future role of therapeutic hypothermia. J Neurotrauma 2009; 26:455-467.
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30. Maier CM, Ahern K, Cheng ML, Lee JE, Yenari MA, Steinberg GK. Optimal depth and duration of mild hypothermia in a focal model of transient cerebral ischemia: Effects on neurologic outcome, infarct size, apoptosis, and inflammation. Stroke 1998; 29:2171-2180.
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31. Inamasu J, Suga S, Sato S, Horiguchi T, Akaji K, Mayanagi K, et al.Postischemic hypothermia attenuates apoptotic cell death in transient focal ischemia in rats. Acta Neurochir Suppl 2000; 76:525-527.
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32. Zhang Z, Sobel RA, Cheng D, Steinberg GK, Yenari MA. Mild hypothermia increases bcl-2 protein expression following global cerebral ischemia. Brain Res Mol Brain Res 2001; 95:75-85.
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33. Zhao H, Shimohata T, Wang JQ, Sun G, Schaal DW, Sapolsky RM, et al. Akt contributes to neuroprotection by hypothermia against cerebral ischemia in rats. J Neurosci 2005; 25:9794-9806.
33
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Antioxidant effects of proanthocyanidin from grape seed on hepatic tissue injury in diabetic rats
Objective(s):Diabetes plays an important role in the induction of the liver injury. Grape seed proanthocyanidin (GSP) have a wide range of medicinal properties against oxidative stress. In this study we evaluated antioxidant effects of GSP on liver in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: Thirty male Sprague–Dawley rats were divided into three groups: control, untreated diabetic and diabetic rats treated with GSP. Diabetes was induced in rats by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (50 mg/kg). GSP were administered via oral gavage (200 mg/kg) for 4 weeks. Results: GSP produced significant hepatoprotective effects by decreasing activities of serum aminotransferases and alkaline phosphatase, and decreasing liver malondialdehyde and bilirubin (P<0.05) levels. It increased liver superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities and albumin level (P<0.05). Administration of GSP significantly ameliorated structural changes induced in liver of diabetic rats. Conclusion: GSP have protective effects against hepatic tissue injury due to antioxidant properties.
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_2932_4b370f73091baabac68fd27b43411d73.pdf
2014-06-01
460
464
10.22038/ijbms.2014.2932
Antioxidant enzyme
Diabetes
GSP
Hepatic tissue
Esrafil
Mansouri
1
Department of Anatomical Sciences, Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Layasadat
Khorsandi
lyasadat@yahoo.com
2
Department of Anatomical Sciences, Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
AUTHOR
Hassan Ali
Abedi
3
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran
AUTHOR
1.Abdelaziz EA. Pathological and biochemical studies on the effect of trigonella foenum- graecum and lupines termis in alloxan induced diabetic rats. World Appl Sci J 2011; 12:1839-1850.
1
2.Tolman KG, Fonseca V, Dalpiaz A, Tan MH. Spectrum of liver disease in type 2 diabetes and management of patients with diabetes and liver disease. Diabetes Care 2007; 30:734–743.
2
3. Zafar M, Naqvi S, Kaimkhani MA. Altered liver morphology and enzymes in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Int J Morphol 2009; 27:719-725.
3
4.Moussa SA. Oxidative stress in diabetes mellitus. Romanian J Biophys 2008; 18:225–236.
4
5.Gupta RK, Kesari AN, Murthy PS, Chandra R, Tandon V, Watal G. “Hypoglycemic and antidiabetic effect of ethanolic extract of leaves of a nonasquamosa L. in experimental animals. J Ethnopharmacol 2005; 99:75–81.
5
6.Mansouri E, Panahi M, Ghaffari MA, Ghorbani A. Effects of grape seed proanthocyanidin extract on oxidative stress induced by diabetes in rat kidney. Iran Biomed J 2011; 15:100-106.
6
7.Al-Sowayan NS, Kishore U. Prophylactic efficacy of a combination of proanthocyanidin and vitamin E on hepatotoxicity induced by doxorubicin in rats. Int Res J Pharm 2012; 2:161-169.
7
8.Bradford MM. A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Analytical Biochem. 1976; 72:248-54.
8
9.His SC, Kao YP, Wang PY, Chao HM, Huang CH, Liu HS, et al. Grape seed procyanidins improve diabetic symptoms in mice with streptozotocin-induced diabetes. Open Physiol J 2009; 2:6-13.
9
10.Harris EH. Elevated liver function tests in type 2 diabetes. Clin Diabetes 2005; 23:115–119.
10
11.Kamel ZH, Daw I, Marzouk M. Effect of cichorium endivia leaves on some biochemical parameters in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Aust J Basic Appl Sci 2011; 5:387-396.
11
12.Maiti R, Jana D, Das UK, Ghosh D. Antidiabetic effect of aqueous extract of seed of Tamarindus indica in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. J Ethnopharmacol 2004; 92:85-91.
12
13.Issabeagloo E, Ahmadpoor F, Kermanizadeh P, Taghizadieh M. Hepatoprotective effect of green tea on hepatic injury due to leflunomide in rat. Asian J
13
Exp Biol Sci 2012; 3:136–141.
14
14. Al-Rawi NH. Oxidative stress, antioxidant status and lipid profile in the saliva of type 2 diabetics. Diab Vasc Dis Res 2011; 8:22-28.
15
15.Chis IC, Ungureanu MI, Marton A, Simedrea R, Muresan A, Postescu ID, et al. Antioxidant effects of a grape seed extract in a rat model of diabetes mellitus. Diab Vasc Dis Res 2009; 6:200-204.
16
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Evaluation of alpha- amylase inhibition by Urtica dioica and Juglans regia extracts
Objective(s):One strategy for the treatment of diabetes is inhibition of pancreatic α- amylase. Plants contains different chemical constituents with potential for inhibition of α-amylase and hence maybe used as therapeutic. Materials and Methods: Urtica dioica and Juglans regia Linn were tested for α-amylase inhibition. Different concentrations of leaf aqueous extracts were incubated with enzyme substrate solution and the activity of enzyme was measured. For determination of the type of inhibition, Dixon plot was depicted. Acarbose was used as the standard inhibitor. Results: Both plant extracts showed time and concentration dependent inhibition of α-amylase. 60% inhibition was seen with 2 mg/ml of U. dioica and0.4 mg/ml of J. regia aqueous extract. Dixon plots revealed the type of α-amylase inhibition by these two extracts as competitive inhibition. Conclusion: Determination of the type of α-amylase inhibition by these plant extracts could provide by successful use of plant chemicals as drug targets.
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_2933_a2a6170dfb40c196c4d864c01c7ebd59.pdf
2014-06-01
465
469
10.22038/ijbms.2014.2933
Amylase inhibition
Diabetes
Plant extract
Mahsa
Rahimzadeh
1
Molecular Medicine Research Center, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Samaneh
Jahanshahi
2
Molecular Medicine Research Center, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
AUTHOR
Soheila
Moein
3
Molecular Medicine Research Center, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
AUTHOR
Mahmood Reza
Moein
moeinmr@sums.ac.ir
4
Medicinal Plant Processing Research Center and Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
AUTHOR
1. Jarald E, Balakrishnan SJ, Jain DC. Diabetes and herbal medicines. Iran J Pharmocol Ther 2008; 7:97-106.
1
2. Kandra L. α-Amylases of medical and industrial importance. J Mol Struct 2003; 666-667:487-498.
2
3. Dewi RT, Iskandar YM, Hanafi M, Kardono LBS, Angelina M, Dewijanti ID, et al. Inhibitory effect of Koji Aspergillus terreus on a-glucosidase activity and postprandial hyperglycemia. Pak J Biol Sci 2007; 10:3131–3135.
3
4. Cheng AYY, Fantus IG. Oral antihyperglycemic therapy for type 2 diabetes Mellitus. Can Med Assoc J 2005; 172:213-226.
4
5. de Sales PM, de Souza PM, Simeoni LA, Magalhães PO, Silveira D. α-Amylase inhibitors: A review of raw material and isolated compounds from plant source. J Pharm Pharm Sci 2012; 15:141-183.
5
6. Hasani-Ranjbar S, Larijani B, Abdollahi M. A systematic review of Iranian medicinal plants useful in diabetes mellitus. Arch Med Sci 2008; 3:285-292.
6
7. Nickavar B, Yousefian N. Evaluation of α-amylase inhibitory activities of selected antidiabetic medicinal plants. J Verbrauch Lebensm 2011; 6:191-195.
7
8. Teimori M, Montasser Kouhsari S, Ghafarzadegan R, Hajiaghaee R. Study of hypoglycemic effect of Juglans regia leaves and its mechanism. J Med Plants
8
2010; 9:57-65.
9
9. Miller GL. Use of dinitrosalicylic acid reagent for determination of reducing sugar. Anal Chem 1959; 31:426-428.
10
10. Chin YW, Balunas MJ, Chai HB, Kinghorn AD. Drug discovery from natural sources. AAPS J 2006; 8:239-253.
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11. Taha NA, Al-wadaan MA. Utility and importance of walnut, Juglans regia Linn: A review. Afr J Microb Res 2011; 5:5796-5805.
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12. Mouhajir F, Hudson JB, Rejdali M, Towers GHN. Multiple antiviral activities of endemic medicinal plants used by Berber people of Morocco. Pharm Biol 2001; 39:364-374.
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13. Shaban T, Kouhsari MM, Ghafarzadegan SH, Aghae RH. Antidiabetic effects of Juglans regia leaves methanolic extract on alloxan-induced male wistar rats. J Med Plants 2010; 9:142-149.
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14. Dixon M. The determination of enzyme inhibitor constants. Biochem J 1953; 55:170-171.
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15. Robyt JF. Inhibition, activation, and stabilization of α-amylase family enzymes. Biologia Bratislava 2005; 16:17-26.
16