ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Synthesis and Purification of 7-Prenyloxycoumarins and Herniarin as Bioactive Natural Coumarins
Objective(s)
7-prenyloxycoumarins including 7-isopentenyloxycoumarin, auraptene and umbelliprenin, and herniarin have been widely recognized as bioactive coumarins. This paper presents the ways to synthesis these compounds.
Materials and Methods
7-prenyloxycoumarins were synthesized by reaction between 7-hydroxycoumarin (' M) and relevant prenyl bromides (1.5 M) in acetone at room temperature. The reaction was carried out in the presence of DBU (1, 8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0] undec-7-ene) (2 M). After 24 hr, the mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure. The compounds were purified by column chromatography.
Results
Three bioactive 7-prenyloxycoumarins, namely, umbelliprenin, auraptene and 7-isopentenyloxycoumarin, together with herniarin were synthesized from 7-hydroxycoumarin under alkaline conditions (DBU) and then purified by column chromatography. The structures of the products were characterized by NMR spectroscopic method including 1H- and 13C-NMR experiments.
Conclusion
The method of synthesis for 7-prenyloxycoumarins and herniarin which is presented here has not been reported yet. Moreover, for the first time, umbelliprenin was chemically prepared in this work.
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_5145_2ad17899ddd6c0e50591f7bf6a3ac8d9.pdf
2009-04-01
63
69
10.22038/ijbms.2009.5145
Auraptene
Herniarin
7- Isopentenyloxycoumarin
7-Prenyloxycoumarins
Synthesis
Umbelliprenin
Mahdi
Askari
1
Department of Pharmacognosy, Biotechnology Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Amirhossein
Sahebkar
2
Department of Pharmacognosy, Biotechnology Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Mehrdad
Iranshahi
iranshahim@mums.ac.ir
3
Department of Pharmacognosy, Biotechnology Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
1. Curini M, Cravotto G, Epifano F, Giannone G. Chemistry and biological activity of natural and synthetic prenyloxycoumarins. Curr Med Chem 2006;13:199-222.
1
2. Iranshahi M, Shahverdi AR, Mirjani R, Amin G, Shafiee A. Umbelliprenin from Ferula persica roots inhibits the red pigment production in Serratia marcescens. Z Naturforsch 2004; 59c:506-508.
2
3. Iranshahi M, Arfa P, Ramezani M, Jaafari MR, Sadeghian H, Bassarello C, et al. Sesquiterpene coumarins from Ferula szowitsiana and in vitro antileishmanial activity of 7-prenyloxycoumarins against promastigotes.Phytochemistry 2007; 68:554-561.
3
4. Shahverdi AR, Saadat F, Khorramizadeh MR, Iranshahi M, Khoshayand MR. Two matrix metalloproteinases inhibitors from Ferula persica var. persica. Phytomedicine 2006; 13:712-717.
4
5. Murray RDH, Mendez J, Brown RA. The Natural Coumarins. New York: John Wiley & Sons; 1982.
5
6. Cravotto G, Balliano G, Robaldo B, Oliaro-Bosso S, Chimichi S, Boccalini M. Farnesyloxycoumarins, a new class of squalene-hopene cyclase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2004; 14:1931-1934.
6
7. Barthomeuf C, Lim S, Iranshahi M, Chollet P. Umbelliprenin from Ferula szowitsiana inhibits the growth of human M4Beu metastatic pigmented melanoma cells through cell-cycle arrest in G1 and induction of caspasedependent apoptosis. Phytomedicine 2008; 15:103-111.
7
8. Iranshahi M, Kalategi F, Rezaee R, Shahverdi AR, Ito C, Furukawa H, et al. Cancer chemopreventive activity of terpenoid coumarins from Ferula species. Planta Med 2008; 74:147-150.
8
9. Tanaka T, Kawabata K, Kakumoto M, Mastunaga K, Mori H, Murakami A, et al. Chemoprevention of 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide-induced oral carcinogenesis by Citrus aurapetne in rats. Carcinogenesis 1998; 19:425-431.
9
10. Tanaka T, Kawabata K, Kakumoto M, Hara A, Murakami A, Kuki W, et al. Citrus auraptene exerts dosedependent chemopreventive activity in rat large bowel tumorigenesis: the inhibition correlates with suppression of cell proliferation and lipid peroxidation and with induction of phase II drug-metabolizing enzymes. CancerRes 1998; 58:2550-2556.
10
11. Sakata K, Hara A, Hirose Y, Yamada Y. Dietary supplementation of the Citrus antioxidant auraptene inhibits N,N-Diethylnitrosamine-Induced rat hepatocarcinogenesis. Oncology 2004; 66:244-252.
11
12. Murakami A, Kuki W, Takahashi Y, Yonei H, Nakamura Y, Ohto Y, et al. Auraptene, a citrus coumarin,inhibits 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-induced tumor promotion in ICR mouse skin, possibly throughsuppression of superoxide generation in leukocytes. Jpn J Cancer Res 1997; 88:443-452.
12
13. Kawabata K, Tanaka T, Yamamoto T, Hara A,Murakami A, Koshimizu K, et al. Suppression of Nnitrosomethylbenzylamine-induced rat esophageal tumorigenesis by dietary feeding of auraptene. J Exp ClinCancer Res 2000; 19:45-52.
13
14. Curini M, Epifano F, Maltese F, Marcotullio MC, Tubaro A, Altinier G, et al. Synthesis and anti-inflammatoryactivity of natural and semisynthetic geranyloxycoumarins. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2004; 14:2241-2243.
14
15. Murakami A, Nakamura Y, Ohto Y, Yano M, Ohigashi H. Suppressive effects of citrus fruits on free radicalgeneration and nobiletin, an anti-inflammatory polymethoxyflavonoid. BioFactors 2000; 12:187-192.
15
16. Tanaka T, Sugiura H, Inaba R, Nishikawa A, Murakami A, Koshimizu K, et al. Immunomodulatory action ofcitrus auraptene on macrophage functions and cytokine production of lymphocytes in female BALB/c mice.Carcinogenesis 1999; 20:1471-1476.
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17. Murakami A, Nakamura Y, Tanaka T, Kawabata K, Takahashi K, Koshimizu K, et al. Suppression by citrusauraptene of phorbol ester- and endotoxin-induced inflammatory responses: role of attenuation of leukocyteactivation. Carcinogenesis 2000; 21:1843-1850.
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18. Murakami A, Matsumoto K, Koshimizu K, Ohigashi H. Effects of selected food factors with chemopreventiveproperties on combined lipopolysaccharide- and interferon-g-induced IКB degradation in RAW264.7macrophages. Cancer Lett 2003; 195:17–25.
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19. Chen IS, Lin YC, Tsai IL, Teng CM, Ko FN, Ishikawa T, et al. Coumarins and anti-platelet aggregationconstituents from Zanthoxylum schinifolium. Phytochemistry. 1995; 39:1091-1097.
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20. Yamada Y, Nakatani N, Fuwa H. Spasmolytic activity of geranyloxycoumarin-related compounds. Agric BiolChem 1987; 51:1711–1713.
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21. Yamada Y, Okamoto M, Kikuzaki H, Nakatani N. Spasmolytic activity of auraptene analogs. Biosci BiotechnolBiochem 1997; 61:740-742.
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22. Hamerski D, Schmitt D, Matern U. Induction of two prenyltransferases for the accumulation of coumarinphytoalexins in elicitor-treated Ammi majus cell suspension cultures. Phytochemistry 1990; 29:1131-1135.
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23. Rahalison L, Benathan M, Monod M, Frenk E, Gupta MP, Solis PN, et al. Antifungal principles of Baccharispedunculata. Planta Med 1995; 61:360-362.
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24. Baba M, Jin Y, Mizuno A, Suzuki H, Okada Y, Takasuka N, et al. Studies on cancer chemoprevention bytraditional folk medicines XXIV. Inhibitory effect of a coumarin derivative, 7-isopentenyloxycoumarin, against tumor-promotion. Biol Pharm Bull 2002; 25:244-246.
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25. Epifano F,Molinaro G, Genovese S, Ngomba RT, Nicoletti F, Curini M. Neuroprotective effect ofprenyloxycoumarins from edible vegetables. Neurosci Lett 2008; 443:57-60.
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26. Ahmad A, Misra LN. Isolation of herniarin and other constituents from Matricaria chamomilla flowers. Int JPharm 1997; 35:121-125.
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27. Ma CM, Winsor L, Daneshtalab M. Quantification of spiroether isomers and herniarin of different parts ofMatricaria matricarioides and flowers of Chamaemelum nobile. Phytochem Anal 2007; 18:42-49.
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28. Brown SA. Biosynthesis of the coumarins IV. The formation of coumarin and herniarin in Lavander.Phytochemistry 1963; 2:137-144.
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29. Mares D, Romagnoli C, Bruni A. Antidermatophytic activity of herniarin in preparations of Chamomillarecutita (L.) Rauschert. Plantes Med Phytother 1993; 26:91-100.Synthesis of 7-prenyloxycoumarins
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30. Angioni A, Cabras G, D’hallewin G, Pirsi FM, Reniero F, Schirra M. Synthesis and inhibitory activity of 7-geranyloxycoumarin against Penicillium species in Citrus fruit. Phytochemistry 1998; 47:1521-1525.
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31. Curini M, Epifano F, Maltese F, Marcotullio MC, Tubaro A, Gianmario A, et al. Synthesis and anti-inflammatoryactivity of natural and semisynthetic geranyloxycoumarins. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2004; 14:2241-2243.
31
32. Trost BM, Toste FD, Greeman K. Atom economy. Palladium-catalyzed formation of coumarins by addition ofphenols and alkynoates via a net C-H insertion. J Am Chem Soc 2003; 125:4518-4526.
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33. Iranshahi M, Amin GR, Jalalizadeh H, Shafiee A. New germacrane derivative from Ferula persica Willd. varlatisecta Chamberlain. Pharm Biol 2003; 41:431-433.
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34. Perel'son ME, Sheinker YN, Syrova GP, Turchin KF. NMR spectra of natural coumarin derivatives I.Coumarins. Chem Nat Comp 1970; 6:6-14.
34
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Ex vivo Expansion and Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Goat Bone Marrow
Objective(s)
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from large animals as goat which is genetically more closely related to human have rarely been gained attentions. The present study tried to isolate and characterize MSCs from goat bone marrow.
Materials and Methods
Fibroblastic cells appeared in goat marrow cell culture were expanded through several subcultures. Passaged-3 cells were then differentiated among the osteogenic, adipogenic and chondrogenic cell lineages to determine their MSC nature. Differentiations were determined by RT-PCR analysis of related gene expression. To identify the best culture conditions for propagation, passage-3 cells were plated either at varying cell densities or different fetal bovine serum (FBS) concentrations for a week, at the end of which the cultures were statistically compared with respect to the cell proliferation. In this study, we also determined goat MSC population doubling time (PDT) as the index of their in vitro expansion rate.
Results
Passage-3 fibroblastic cells tended to differentiate into skeletal cell lineages. This was evident in both specific staining as well as the specific gene expression profile. Moreover, there appeared to be more expansion when the cultures were initiated at 100 cells/cm[1] in a medium supplemented with 15% FBS. A relatively short PDT (24.94±2.67 hr) was a reflection of the goat MSC rapid rate of expansion.
Conclusion
Taken together, fibroblastic cells developed at goat marrow cell culture are able to differentiate into skeletal cell lineages. They undergo extensive proliferation when being plated at low cell density in 15% FBS concentration.
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_5146_a22a60e945fb28d9b6e961c0a2da1f15.pdf
2009-04-01
70
79
10.22038/ijbms.2009.5146
Adipogenesis
Bovine serum
Cell seeding density
Chondrogenesis
Goat mesenchymal stem cells
Osteogenesis
Mohamadreza
Baghaban Eslaminejad
bagesla@yahoo.com
1
Stem Cell Department, Cell Science Research Centre, Royan Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Hamid
Nazarian
2
Stem Cell Department, Cell Science Research Centre, Royan Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Fahimeh
Falahi
3
Stem Cell Department, Cell Science Research Centre, Royan Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Leila
Taghiyar
4
Stem Cell Department, Cell Science Research Centre, Royan Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Mohamad Taghi
Daneshzadeh
5
Royan Animal Facility, Karaj, Iran
AUTHOR
1.Prochop DJ. Marrow stromal cells as stem cells for nonhematopoietic tissue. Science 1997; 276:71-74.
1
2.Friedenstein AJ, Piatetzky-Shapiro II, Petrakova KV. Osteogenesis in transplants of bone marrow cells. J Embryol Exp Morphol 1966;16:381-390.
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3.Digirolamo CM, Stokes D, Colter D, Phinney DG, Class R, Prockop DJ. Propagation and senescence of human marrow stromal cells in culture: a simple colony-forming assay identifies samples with the greatest potential to propagate and differentiate. Br J Haematol 1999; 107:275-281.
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4.Javazon EH, Colter DC, Schwarz EJ, Prockop DJ. Rat marrow stromal cells are more sensitive to plating density and expand more rapidly from single-cell-derived colonies than human marrow stromal cells. Stem Cells 2001; 19:219-225.
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5.Friedenstein AJ, Chailakhjan RK, Lalykina KS. The development of fibroblast colonies in monolayer cultures of guinea-pig bone marrow and spleen cells. Cell Tissue Kinet 1970; 3:393-403.
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6.Rickard DJ, Sullivan TA, Shenker BJ, Leboy PS, Kazhdan I. Induction of rapid osteoblast differentiation in rat bone marrow stromal cell cultures by dexamethasone and BMP-2. Dev Biol 1994; 161:218-228.
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7.Awad HA, Butler DL, Boivin GP, Smith FN, Malaviya P, Huibregtse B, et al. Autologous mesenchymal stem cell-mediated repair of tendon. Tissue Eng 1999; 5:267-277.
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8.Baksh D, Song L, Tuan RS. Adult mesenchymal stem cells:characterization, differentiation and application in cell therapy. Mol Med 2004; 8:301-136.
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9.Williams CG, Kim TK, Taboas A, Malik A, Manson P, Elisseeff J. In vitro chondrogenesis of bone marrow- derived mesenchymal stem cells in a photopolymerizing hydrogel. Tissue Eng 2003; 9:679-688.
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10.Nair MB, Suresh Babu S, Varma HK, John A. A triphasic ceramic-coated porous hydroxyapatite for tissue engineering application. Acta Biomater 2008; 4:173-181.
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11.Li Q, Wang J, Shahani S, Sun DD, Sharma B, Elisseeff JH, et al. Biodegradable and photocrosslinkable polyphosphoester hydrogel. Biomaterials 2006; 27:1027-10134.
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12.Dai KR, Xu XL, Tang TT, Zhu ZA, Yu CF, Lou JR, et al. Repairing of goat tibial bone defects with BMP-2 gene-modified tissue-engineered bone. Calcif Tissue Int 2005; 77:55-61.
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13.Dominici M, Le Blanc K, Mueller I, Slaper-Cortenbach I, Marini F, Krause D, et al. Minimal criteria for defining multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells. The international societry for cellular therapy position statement. Cytotherapy 2006; 4:315-317.
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14.Eslaminejad MB, Nikmahzar A, Thagiyar L, Nadri S, Massumi M. Murine mesenchymal stem cells isolated by low density primary culture system. Dev Growth Differ 2006; 48: 361-370.
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15.Eslaminejed MB, Mirzadeh H, Mohamadi Y, Nickmahzar A. Bone differentiation of the marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells using tricalcium phosphate/alginate/gelatin scaffolds. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2007; 6:417-424.
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16.Eslaminejad MB, Nadri S, Hosseini RH. Expression of Thy 1.2 surface antigen increases significantly during the murine MSCs cultivation period. Dev Growth Differ 2007; 49:351-364.
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17.Pioletti D, Montjovent MC, Zambelli PY, Applegate L. Bone tissue engineering using fetal cell therapy. Swiss Med Wkly 2007; 136:557-560.
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18.Weissman IL. Translating stem and progenitor cell biology to the clinic: barrier and opportunities. Science 2000; 287:1442-1446.
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19.Donahue RE, Dunbar CE. An update on the use of non-human primate models for preclinical testing of gene therapy approaches targeting hemotopoiesis cells. Hum Gene Ther 2001; 12:607-617.
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20.Horn PA, Thomasson BM, Wood BL, Andrews RG, Morris JC, Kiem HP. Distinct hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell populations are responsible for repopulating NOD/SCID mice compared with nonhuman primates. Blood 2003; 102:4329-4335.
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21.Pittenger MF, Mackay AM, Beck SC, Jaiswal RK, Douglas R, Mosca JD, et al. Multilineage potential of adult human mesenchymal stem cells. Science 1999; 284:143-147.
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22.Spees JL, Gregory CA, Singh H, Tucker HA, Peister A, Lynch PJ, et al. Internalized antigens must be removed to prepare hypoimmunogenic mesenchymal stem cells for cell and gene therapy. Mol Ther 2004; 95:747-756.
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23.Bartmann C, Rohde E, Schallmoser K, Purstner P, Lanzer G, Linkesch W, et al. Relationship between donor age and the replicative lifespan of human cells in culture: a reevaluation. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1998; 95:10614-10619.
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24.Kugi S, Wessels JT, Buhring HJ, Schilbach K, Schumm M, Seitz G, et al. Identification of a novel class of human adherent CD34- stem cells that give rise to SCID-repopulating cells. Blood 2003; 3:869-876.
24
25.Quirici N, Soligo D, Bossolasco P, Servida F, Lumini C, Deliliers GL. Isolation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells by anti-nerve growth factor receptor antibodies. Exp Hematol 2002; 7:783-791.
25
26.Gronthose S, Simmons PJ. The growth factor requirements of STRO-1-positive human bone marrow stromal precursors under serum-derived condisions in vitro. Blood 1995; 85:929-940.
26
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The Impact of Gender on the Inflammatory Parameters and Angiogenesis in the Rat Air Pouch Model of Inflammation
Objective(s)
Air pouch is a well-established inflammatory model in which fluid extravasations; leukocyte migration, angiogenesis and other parameters involved in the inflammatory response can be measured. In this study, the influence of gender on inflammatory parameters has been examined in the air pouch model.
Materials and Methods
To induce air pouch, adult male and female Wistar rats were anesthetized, then 20 ml and 10 ml of sterile air were injected subcutaneously on the back on day 0 and day 3, respectively. On day 6, inflammation was induced by injection of 1 ml of carrageenan 1% into pouches. After 6 and 72 hr, the rats were sacrificed, pouch fluid was collected in order to determine exudates volume and the accumulated cells were counted using a hemocytometer. Pouches were dissected out and weighed. Angiogenesis of granulomatous tissue was assayed using hemoglobin kit.
Results
Analysis of our data demonstrated a sexually dimorphic pattern in inflammation parameters both in acute and chronic forms (P<0.05). The value of angiogenesis in the air pouch model in male rat was higher than that female rats (P<0.001).
Conclusion
The degree of inflammation and angiogenesis induced in Wistar rat air pouch model is gender-dependent, suggesting that gender may be a key consideration in the design of inflammation experiments.
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_5148_3eedd572dc4535d892fc8b57f94b4bc9.pdf
2009-04-01
80
85
10.22038/ijbms.2009.5148
Air Pouch
Angiogenesis
Gender
Inflammation
Tahereh
Eteraf Oskouei
eteraf_t@yahoo.com
1
School of Health and Nutrition, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Nasrin
Maleki-dizaji
2
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
AUTHOR
Moslem
Najafi
najafimoslem@yahoo.com
3
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
AUTHOR
1.Da Silva JA. Sex hormones and glucocorticoids: interactions with the immune system. Ann NY Acad Sci 1999; 876:102-117.
1
2.Joe B, Garrett MR, Dene H, Remmers EF, Meng H. Genetic susceptibility to carrageenan-induced innate inflammatory response in inbred strains of rats. Eur J Immunogenet 2003; 30:243-247.
2
3.Sedgwick AD, Moore AR, Al-Duaij A Y, Edwards JC, Willoughby DA. The mmune response to pertussis in the 6-day air pouch: a model of chronic synovitis. Br J Exp Pathol 1985; 4:455-464.
3
4.Gambero A, Becker TL, Gurgueira SA, Benvengo YHB, Ribeiro ML, Mendonca S, et al. Acute inflammatory response induced by Helicobacter pylori in the rat air pouch. FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol 2003; 38:193-198.
4
5.Ghosh AK,Hirasawa N,Niki H,Ohuchi K.Cyclooxygenase-2-mediated angiogenesis in carrageenin-induced granulation tissue in rats. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 20002; 95:802-809.
5
6.Colville-Nash P, Lawrence T. Air-pouch models of inflammation and modifications for the study of granuloma- mediated cartilage degradation. In: Winyard PG,Willoughby DA.Methods in Molecular Biology. London: The William Harvey Research Institute; 2003.p.181-189.
6
7.Ghosh AK, Hirasawa N, Ohtsu H. Defective angiogenesis in the inflammatory granulation tissue in histidine decarboxylase-deficient mice but not in mast cell-deficient mice. J Exp Med 2002; 195: 973-982.
7
8.Martin SW, Stevens AJ, Brennan BS, Davies D, Rowland M, Houston JB. The six-day-old rat air pouch model of inflammation: characterization of the inflammatory response to carrageenan, J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods 1994; 32:139-147.
8
9.Delano Dl, Montesinos MC, D’Eustachio P, Wiltshire T, Cronstein BN. An interaction between genetic factors and gender determines the magnitude of the inflammatory response in the mouse air pouch model of acute inflammation. Inflammation 2005; 29:1.
9
10.Crockett ET, Spielman W, Dowlatshahi Sh , He J. Sex differences in inflammatory cytokine production in hepatic ischemia-reperfusion. J Inflamm 2006; 3:16.
10
11.Sinha I, Cho BS, Roelofs KJ, Stanley JC, Henke PK, Upchurch GR. Female gender attenuates cytokine and chemokine expression and leukocyte recruitment in experimental rodent abdominal aortic aneurysms. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2006; 1085:367-379.
11
12.Barker LA, Dazin PF, Levine JD, Green PG. Sympathoadrenal-dependent sexually dimorphic effect of nonhabituating stress on in vivo neutrophil recruitment in the rat. Br J Pharmacol 2005; 145:872-879.
12
13.Hermes GL, Rosenthal L, Montag A, McClintock MK. Social isolation and the inflammatory response: sex differences in the enduring effects of a prior stressor. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2006; 290:R273- 282.
13
14.Lindhe J, Sonesson B.The effect of sex hormones on inflammation. I. The effect of a progestogen. J Periodontal Res 1966; 1:212-217.
14
15.Kemp SW, Reynolds AJ, Duffy LK. Gender differences in baseline levels of vascular endothelial growth factor in the plasma of alaskan sled dogs American. J Biochem and Biotech 2005; 2:111-114.
15
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of Cell Wall, Cytoplasmic Fraction and Killed-Candida albicans on Nitric Oxide Production by Peritoneal Macrophages from BALB/c Mice
Objective(s)
The fractions of Candida albicans have been used as an immunomodulator. The present work assessed the effect of different fractions of C. albicans on nitric oxide (NO) production by mice peritoneal macrophages. Materials and Methods
Cell wall and cytoplasmic fractions of C. albicans ATCC 10321 strain were extracted. Mice peritoneal macrophages were purified and cultured. Different concentrations of both fractions and also killed C. albicans cells were used for macrophages stimulation and evaluation of NO production. NO amount was detected in culture supernatants of macrophages by Griess reagent. Also, MTT assay was performed to assess the viability of macrophages.
Results
The results elucidated that suppressive effect of cell wall proteins on NO release was significant at the dose of 100 pg/ml (P=0.01), while cytoplasmic fraction increased NO amount at the dose of 1 pg/ml compared to the control group (P=0.003). Augmentation of NO production was statistically significant at 200 killed C. albicans per well (P=0.006).
Conclusion
According to our findings, cytoplasmic fractions and killed C. albicans have a positive effect on NO production by peritoneal macrophages, while cell wall fractions did not. Therefore, it is proposed that C. albicans fractions can be studied more as inflammation modulators.
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_5147_2f137df2c18670fe484382bebfa25c80.pdf
2009-04-01
86
92
10.22038/ijbms.2009.5147
Candida albicans
Macrophages
Nitric oxide
Monire
Hajimoradi
hajimoradi@modares.ac.ir
1
Department of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Saeed
Daneshmandi
daneshmandi2006@yahoo.com
2
Department of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Maryam
Roudbary
m_roudbary@yahoo.com
3
Department of Mycology, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Shahla
Roudbar Mohammadi
4
Department of Mycology, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Zuhair Mohammad
Hassan
hasan_zm@modares.ac.ir
5
Department of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Rozita
Heidari
6
Department of Mycology, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Hasan
Namdar Ahmadabad
namdar.h@modares.ac.ir
7
Department of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
1.Romani L. Innate and adaptive immunity in C. albicans infections and saprophytism. J Leukoc Biol 2000; 68:175-179.
1
2.Crameri R, Blaser K. Allergy and immunity to fungal infections and colonization. Eur Respir J 2002;19:151-157.
2
3.Fukazawa Y, Cassone A, Bistoni F, Howard DH, Kagaya K, Murphy J W, et al. Mechanisms of cell mediated immunity in fungal infections: a review. J Med Vet Mycol 1994; 32:123.
3
4.Shoham S, Levitz SM. Immune response to fungal infections. Br J Haematol 2005; 129:569-582.
4
5.Badauy CM, Barbachan JJ, Rados PV, Sant Ana Filho M, Chies JAB. Relationship between Candida infection and immune cellular response in inflammatory hyperplasia. Oral Microbiol Immunol 2005; 20:89-92.
5
6.Bistoni F, Cenci E, Mencacci A, Schaffolla E, Mpsci P, Puccetti P, et al. Mucosal and systemic T helper cells function after intragastric colonization of adult mice with Candida albicans. J Infect Dis 1993; 168:1449-1457.
6
7.Santoni G, Boccanera M, Adriani D, Lucciarini R. Immune cell-mediated protection against vaginal Candidiasis: evidence for a major role of vaginal CD4+ T cells and possible participation of other local lymphocyte effectors. Infect Immun 2002; 70:4791-4797.
7
8.Fidel Jr PL. Candida-host interactions in HIV disease:relationships in oropharyngeal candidiasis Adv Dent Rec. 2006; 19:80-84.
8
9.Fang FC, Vazquez-Torres A. Nitric oxide production by human macrophages: there's NO doubt about it. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2002; 282:L941- L943.
9
10.Gonzalez A, Gregori W, Velez D, Restrepo A, Cano LE. Nitric oxide participation in the fungicidal mechanism of gamma interferon-activated murine macrophages against paracoccidioides brasiliensis conidia. Infect Immun 2000; 68:2546-2552.
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11.Kawakami K, Zhang T, Qureshi MH, Saito A. Cryptococcus neoformans inhibit nitric oxide production by murine peritoneal macrophages stimulated with interferon-g and lipopolysaccharide. Cell Immunol 1997; 180:47-54.
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12.Elorza M, Murgui A. Dimorphism in Candida albicans; contribution of mannoprotein to the architecture of yeast and mycelial cell wall .J Gen Microbiol 1985;131:2207-2216.
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13.Casanova M, Chaffin WL. Cell wall glycoproteins of Candida albicans as released by different methods. J Gen Microbiol 1991; 137:1045-1051.
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14.Ribeiro-Dias F, Russo M, Nascimento FRF, Barbuto JAM, Timenetsky J, Jancar S. Thioglycollate-elicited murinemacrophages are cytotoxic to mycoplasma arginini-infected YAC-1 tumor cells. Braz J Med Biol Res 1998; 31:1425-1428.
14
15.Scuro LS, Simioni PU, Grabriel DL, Saviani EE, Modolo LV, Tamashiro WM, et al. Suppression of nitric oxide production in mouse macrophages by soybean flavonoids accumulated in response to nitroprusside and fungal elicitation. BMC Biochem 2004; 21; 5:5.
15
16.Stuehr DJ, Nathan CF. Nitric oxide: a macrophage product responsible for cytostasis and respiratory inhibition in tumor target cells. J Exp Med 1989; 169:1543-1555.
16
17.Sladowski D, Steer SJ, Clothier RH, Balls M. An improved MTT assay. J Immunol Methods.1993; 157: 203-7.
17
18.Ribeiro-Dias F, Russo M, Nascimento FRF, Barbuto JAM, Timenetsky J, Jancar S. Thioglyollate-elicited moraine macrophages are cytotocxic to mycoplasma arginini - infected YAC-1 tumor cells. Braz J Med Biol Rec. 1998; 31:1425-1428.
18
19.Schroppel K, Kryk M, Herrman M, Leberer E, Rollinghoff M ,Bogdan Ch. Suppression of type 2 NO-synthase activity in macrophages by Candida albicans. Int J Med Microbiol 2001; 290: 659-668.
19
20.Pacher P, Joseph S, Beckman JS, Liaudet L. Nitric oxide and peroxynitrite in health and disease. Physiol Rev 2007; 87:315- 424.
20
21.Smail EH, Kolotila MP, Ruggeri R, Diamond RD. Natural inhibitor from Candida albicans blocks release of azurophil and specific granule contents by chemotactic peptide-stimulated human neutrophils. Infect Immun 1989; 57:689-92.
21
22.Chinen T, Qureshi MH, Koguchi Y, Kawakami K. Candida albicans suppresses nitric oxide (NO) production by interferon-gamma (IFN-g) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated murine peritoneal macrophages. Clin Exp Immunol 1999; 115:491-497.
22
23.Lajean Chaffin W, Lopez-Ribot JL, Casanova M, Gozalbo D, Martinez JP. Cell wall and secreted proteins of Candida albicans: identification, function, and expression. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 1998; 62:130-180.
23
24.Nelson RD, Shibata N, Podzorski RP, Herron MJ. Candida mannan: chemistry, suppression of cell-mediated immunity, and possible mechanisms of action. Clin Microbiol Rev 1991; 4:1-19.
24
25.Jouault T, Fradin C, Trinel P, Poulain D. Candida albicans-derived P-1,2-linked mannooligosaccharides induce desensitization of macrophages. Infect Immun 2000; 68:965-968.
25
26.Cartney-Francis NM, Allen JB, Mizel DE, Albina JE, Xie QW, Nathan CF, et al. Suppression of arthritis by an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase. J Exp Med 1993; 178:749-754.
26
27.Montagnoli C, Sandini S, Bacci A, Romani L. Immunogenicity and protective effect of recombinant enolase of Candida albicans in a murine model of systemic candidiasis. Med Mycol 2004:42; 319-324.
27
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Comparison of Prooxidant-antioxidant Balance Method with Crocin Method for Determination of Total Prooxidant-antioxidant Capacity
Objective(s)
Comparison of prooxidant-antioxidant balance (PAB) assay with crocin assay.
Materials and Methods
Twenty eight serum samples were chosen, PAB and the total antioxidant capacity were measured by PAB assay and crocin, respectively, and the correlation of both assays, along with their correlation with other clinical and biochemical parameters, were determined.
Results
A significant negative correlation was established between PAB assay and crocin assay. Also a significant negative correlation was established between PAB and uric acid and creatinine.
Conclusion
The results showed that by increasing the total antioxidant capacity, which is showed by crocin, the PAB shifts in favor of antioxidants, which is showed by PAB assay. Now, it could be considered that the PAB, along with other risk factors, might help in the prediction of the risk for cardiovascular events; and further research could clarify whether by application of PAB assay and appropriate interventions for correcting oxidative stress, progression of the cardiovascular disease could be reduced.
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_5149_8c5b21447badc1a482bf1d5b48304958.pdf
2009-04-01
93
99
10.22038/ijbms.2009.5149
Crocin
Oxidative stress
Prooxidant-antioxidant balance assay
Daryoush
Hamidi Alamdari
dhamidialam@yahoo.com
1
Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
LEAD_AUTHOR
Stella
A. Ordoudi
2
Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Technology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
AUTHOR
Nikolaos
Nenadis
3
Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Technology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
AUTHOR
Maria
Z. Tsimidou
4
Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Technology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
AUTHOR
George
Koliakos
koliakos@med.auth.gr
5
Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
AUTHOR
Seyyed Mohmmad Reza
Parizadeh
6
Department of Nutrition and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Mohammad
Safarian
7
Department of Nutrition and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Maryam
Sabery Karimian
8
Department of Nutrition and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
B. Fatemeh
Nobakht M. Gh
9
Department of Nutrition and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
1.Alamdari DH, Paletas K, Pegiou T, Sarigianni M, Befani C, Koliakos G. A novel assay for the evaluation of the prooxidant-antioxidant balance, before and after antioxidant vitamin administration in type II diabetes patients. Clin Biochem 2007; 40:248-254.
1
2.Erel O.A new automated colorimetric method for measuring total oxidant status. Clin Biochem 2005; 38:1103-11011.
2
3.Erel O. A novel automated method to measure total antioxidant response against potent free radical reactions. Clin Biochem 2004;37:112-119.
3
4.Bors W, Michel C, Saran M. Inhibition of the bleaching of the carotenoid crocin. A rapid test for quantifying antioxidant activity. Biochim Biophys Acta 1984; 796:312-319.
4
5.Bors W, Michel C, Saran M. Determination of rate constants for antioxidant activity and use of the crocin assay. In: Ong ASH, Packer L, editors. In Lipid Soluble Antioxidants: Biochemistry and Clinical Applications. Birkhauser Verlag: Basel, Switzerland; 1992. p. 53-63.
5
6.Tubaro F, Micossi E, Ursini F. The antioxidant capacity of complex mixtures by kinetic analysis of crocin bleaching inhibition. J Am Oil Chem Soc 1996; 73:173-179.
6
7.Tubaro F, Ghiselli A, Rapuzzi P, Maiorino M, Ursini F. Analysis of plasma antioxidant capacity by competition kinetics. Free Radic Biol Med 1998; 24:1228-1234.
7
8.Ordoudi SA, Tsimidou MZ. Crocin bleaching assay step by step: observations and suggestions for an alternative validated protocol. J Agric Food Chem 2006 ;54:1663-1671.
8
9.Sugherini L, Valentini M, Cambiaggi C, Tanganelli I, Gragnoli G, Borgogni P, et al. Determination of a redox compensation index and its relationships to glycaemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Clin Chem Lab Med 2000 ;38:983-987.
9
10.Prior RL, Cao G. In vivo total antioxidant capacity: comparison of different analytical methods. Free Radic Biol Med 1999; 27:1173-1181.
10
11.Trotti R, Carratelli M, Barbieri M, Micieli G, Bosone D, Rondanelli M, et al. Oxidative stress and a thrombophilic condition in alcoholics without severe liver disease. Haematologica 2001; 86:85-91.
11
12.Josephy PD, Mason RP, Eling T. Cooxidation of the clinical reagent 3, 5 3'5'-tetramethylbenzidine by prostaglandin synthase. Cancer Res 1982;42:2567-2570.
12
13.MisonoY, Ohkata Y, Morikawa T, Itoh K. Resonance Raman and absorption spectroscopic studies on the electrochemical oxidation processes of 3, 3', 5, 5'-tetramethylbenzidine. J Electroanal Chem 1997; 436:203-212.
13
14.Gutteridge JM, Halliwell B. The measurement and mechanism of lipid peroxidation in biological systems. Trends Biochem Sci 1990 ;15:129-135.
14
15.Wilson PW, D'Agostino RB, Levy D, Belanger AM, Silbershatz H, Kannel WB. Prediction of coronary heart disease using risk factor categories. Circulation 1998 12; 97:1837-1847.
15
16.Bierman EL. George Lyman Duff Memorial Lecture. J AHA, Atherogenesis in diabetes. Arterioscler Thromb 1992; 12:647-656.
16
17.Glass CK, Witztum JL. Atherosclerosis. the road ahead. Cell 2001;104:503-516.
17
18.Jay D, Hitomi H, Griendling KK. Oxidative stress and diabetic cardiovascular complications. Free Radic Biol Med 2006; 40:183-192.
18
19.Stocker R, Keaney JF, Jr. Role of oxidative modifications in atherosclerosis. Physiol Rev 2004; 84:1381-478.
19
20.Madamanchi NR, Hakim ZS, Runge MS. Oxidative stress in atherogenesis and arterial thrombosis: the disconnect between cellular studies and clinical outcomes. J Thromb Haemost 2005;3:254-267.
20
21.Alamdari DH, Ghayour-Mobarhan M, Tavallaie S, Parizadeh MR, Moohebati M, Ghafoori F. et al.Prooxidant-antioxidant balance as a new risk factor in patients with angiographically defined coronary artery disease. Clin Biochem 2008; 41: 375-380.
21
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Evaluation of Relation between IL-4 and IFN-y Polymorphisms and Type 2 Diabetes
Objective(s)
Although, type 2 diabetes is the most frequent type of diabetes, its main cause is yet to be clarified. Several environmental and genetic parameters are believed to be involved in diabetes. It has also been established that cytokines play key roles in pathogenesis of diabetes. Expression of cytokines is different from person to person and in different societies. Several studies showed that polymorphisms of +874 of interferon-gamma (IFN-y) and -590 of interleukin-4 (IL-4) are associated with the regulation of expression of these genes. This study was aimed to find polymorphisms of these regions in type 2 diabetes patients.
Materials and Methods
In this experimental study peripheral blood samples were collected from 160 type 2 diabetic patients and 160 healthy controls. DNA was extracted by salting out method. Polymorphisms of +874 of IFN-y and -590 of IL-4 were analyzed by ARMS-PCR and RFLP-PCR.
Results
Our findings indicated that TT genotype of IFN-y was increased in type 2 diabetic patients compared to the control but difference was not significant. Our results didn’t show any significant difference between IL-4 genotype in diabetic and healthy controls either.
Conclusion
Our results suggested that TT genotype of IFN-y can be associated with diabetes. This association can be described by the fact that over expression of IFN-y shifts immune system to Th1; therefore, pancreatic cells can be miscarried by immune cells.
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_5150_2c8e8a6718f88bbb9e9f66b536eb2d94.pdf
2009-04-01
100
104
10.22038/ijbms.2009.5150
Interferon-gamma
Interleukin-4
Polymorphism
Type 2 diabetes
2Mohammad
Kazemi Arababadi
kazemi24@yahoo.com
1
Department of Hematology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences,Rafsanjan, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Ali Akbar
Pourfathollah
pourfa@moadres.ac.ir
2
Department, of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Saeed
Daneshmandi
daneshmandi2006@yahoo.com
3
Department, of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Gholamhossein
Hassanshahi
ghhassanshahi@rums.ac.ir
4
Department of Hematology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences,Rafsanjan, Iran
AUTHOR
Ebrahim
Rezazadeh Zrandi
5
Department of Hematology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences,Rafsanjan, Iran
AUTHOR
Ali
Shamsizadeh
alishamsy@gmail.com
6
Molecular-Medicine Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
AUTHOR
Majid
Asiabanha Rezaei
7
Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
AUTHOR
Somayeh
Eigder
8
Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
AUTHOR
1.Arababadi MK, Naghavi N, Hassanshahi G, Mahmoodi M. CCR5 A 32 mutations is associated with nephropathies of type 2 diabetes Ann Saudi Med (article in press).
1
2.Nosratabadi R, Arababadi MK, Hassanshahi G, Yaghini N, Pooladvand V, Shamsizadeh A. Evaluation of IFN-y serum level in nephropatic type 2 diabetic patients. Pak J Biol Sci 2009; 12:746-749.
2
3.Skopinski P, Rogala E, Duda-Krol B, Lipinska A, Sommer E, Chorostowska-Wynimko J, et al. Increased interleukin-18 content and angiogenic activity of sera from diabetic (Type 2) patients with background retinopathy. J Diabetes Complications 2005; 19:335-338.
3
4.Kamali-Sarvestani E, Zolghadri J, Gharesi-Fard B, Sarvari J. Cytokine gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to recurrent pregnancy loss in Iranian women. J Reprod Immunol 2005; 65:171-8.
4
5.Bid HK, Konwar R, Agrawal CG, Banerjee M. Association of IL-4 and IL-1RN (receptor antagonist) gene variants and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus: A study in the north Indian population. Indian J Med Sci 2008; 62:259-266.
5
6.Stalenhoef JE, Alisjahbana B, Nelwan EJ, Van der Ven-Jongekrijg J, Ottenhoff TH, Van der Meer JW, et al. The role of interferon-gamma in the increased tuberculosis risk in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2008; 27:97-103.
6
7.Pravica V, Perrey C, Stevens A, Lee JH, Hutchinson IV. A single nucleotide polymorphism in the first intron of the human IFN-gamma gene: absolute correlation with a polymorphic CA microsatellite marker of high IFN- gamma production. Hum Immunol 2000; 61:863-366.
7
8.Daneshmandi S, Pourfathollah A, Arababadi MK, Hassanshahi G, Rezaeian M, Asiabanha M. Evaluation of relation between IL-4 and IFN-y polymorphisms and type 2 diabetes. J Mazand Univ Med Sci 2008; 18:35-41.
8
9.Tsiavou A, Hatziagelaki E, Chaidaroglou A, Koniavitou K, Degiannis D, Raptis SA. Correlation between intracellular interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) production by CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes and IFN-gamma gene polymorphism in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA). Cytokine 2005; 31:135-41.
9
10.Foss-Freitas MC, Foss NT, Donadi EA, Foss MC. Effect of the glycemic control on intracellular cytokine production from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of type 1 and type 2 diabetic patients. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2008; 82:329-34.
10
11.Rasouli M, Kiany S. Association of interferon-gamma and interleukin-4 gene polymorphisms with susceptibility to brucellosis in Iranian patients. Cytokine 2007; 38:49-53.
11
12.Kamali-Sarvestani E, Rasouli M, Mortazavi H, Gharesi-Fard B. Cytokine gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to cutaneous leishmaniasis in Iranian patients. Cytokine 2006; 35:159-165.
12
13.Sallakci N, Coskun M, Berber Z, Gurkan F, Kocamaz H, Uysal G, et al. Interferon-gamma gene+874T-A polymorphism is associated with tuberculosis and gamma interferon response. Tuberculosis 2007; 87:225-230.
13
14.Vafa M, Maiga B, Berzins K, Hayano M, Bereczky S, Dolo A, et al. Associations between the IL-4 -590 T allele and Plasmodium falciparum infection prevalence in asymptomatic Fulani of Mali. Microbes Infect 2007; 9:1043-1048.
14
15.Hanck C, Schneider A, Whitcomb DC. Genetic polymorphisms in alcoholic pancreatitis. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol 2003; 17:613-623.
15
16.Rafinejad A, Niknam MH, Amirzargar AA, Khosravi F, Karimi F, Larijani B. Association of IFN-1 gene polymorphism with type 1 diabetes in Iranian patients. Iran J Immunol 2004; 1:130-132.
16
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Antibacterial Activity of Twenty Iranian Plant Extracts Against Clinical Isolates of Helicobacter pylori
Objective(s)
Due to increasing emergence of drug-resistance in Helicobacter pylori isolates, traditional plants are potentially valuable sources of novel anti-H. pylori agents. In this research, anti-H. pylori activity of the organic extracts of twenty native Iranian plants was determined against ten clinical isolates of H. pylori. Materials and Methods
Disc diffusion was used to determine the biological activity of 20 plant extracts as well as 8 antibiotics commonly used to treat H. pylori infections. Minimum inhibitory concentrations were also measured by tube and agar dilution methods for the biologically active plant extracts.
Results
Of the twenty plant extracts analyzed, sixteen exhibited good anti-H. pylori activity, using disc diffusion. The ten most active extracts were Carum bulbocastanum, Carum carvi, Mentha longifolia, Saliva limbata, Saliva sclarea, Ziziphora clinopodioides, Thymus caramanicus, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Xanthium brasilicum and Trachyspermum copticum. Minimum inhibitory concentrations measured for the 10 biologically active plant extracts were within the range of 31.25 to 500 ^g/ml.
Conclusion
Among the ten plant extracts effective against H. pylori clinical isolates, Carum carvi, Xanthium brasilicum and Trachyspermum copticum showed the highest activity.
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_5151_e2ac8db118f682e5e75d9d43c62d9f87.pdf
2009-04-01
105
111
10.22038/ijbms.2009.5151
Anti-Helicobacter pylori
Iranian plants
Organic extracts
Farahnaz
Nariman
1
Department of Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Fereshteh
Eftekhar
f-eftekhar@sbu.ac.ir
2
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, G.C., Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Zohreh
Habibi
3
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, G.C., Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Sadegh
Massarrat
4
Digestive Diseases Research Center, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Reza
Malekzadeh
malekzadeh@gmail.com
5
Digestive Diseases Research Center, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
1.Graham DY. Helicobacter pylori infection in the pathogenesis of duodenal ulcer and gastric cancer: a model. Gastroenterology 1997; 113:9183-9191.
1
2.Marshall BJ, Warren JR. Unidentified curved bacilli in the stomach of patients with gastritis and peptic ulceration. Lancet 1984; 1:1311-1315.
2
3.International Agency for Research on Cancer. IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, Schistosomes, Liver Flukes and Helicobacter pylori. Lyon, France: World Health Organization; 1994.p.61
3
4.Nomura A, Stemmermann GN, Chyou PH, Kato I, Perez-Perez GL, Blaser MJ. Helicobacter pylori infection and gastric carcinoma among Japanese Americans in Hawaii. N Engl J Med 1991; 325:1127-1131.
4
5.Graham DY, Qureshi WA. Antibiotic resistant Helicobacter pylori infection and its treatment. Curr Pharm Des 2000; 6:1537-1544.
5
6.O’Morain C, Montague S. Challenges to therapy in the future. Helicobacter 2000; 5:23-26.
6
7.Megraud F. Resistance of Helicobacter pylori to antibiotics. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 1997; 11: 43-53.
7
8.Adamak RJ, Suerbaum S, Plaffenbach B, Opferkuch W. Primary and acquired Helicobacter pylori resistance to clarithromycin, metronidazole and amoxicillin-influence on treatment outcome. Am J Gastroenterol 1998; 93:386-389.
8
9.Falsafi T, Mobasheri F, Nariman F, Najafi M. Susceptibilities to different antibiotics of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from patients at the pediatric medical center of Tehran, Iran. J Clin Microbiol 2004; 42:387-389.
9
10.Li Y, Xu C, Zhang Q, Liu JY, Tan RX. In vitro anti-Helicobacter pylori action of 30 Chinese herbal medicines used to treat ulcer diseases. J Ethnopharmacol 2005; 98:329-333.
10
11.Ohta R, Yamada N, Kaneko H, Ishikawa K, Fukuda H, Fujino T, et al. In vitro inhibition of the growth of Helicobacter pylori by oil-macerated garlic constituents. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1999; 43:1811-1812.
11
12.Ingolfsdottir K, Hjalmarspottir M, Slgurdsson A, Gudjonscottir G, Brynjolfsdottir A. In vitro susceptibility of Helicobacter pylori to proto-lichenistic acid from the lichen Certaria islandica. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1997; 41:215-217.
12
13.Yee YK, Wing-Leungkoo M. Anti Helicobacter pylori activity of Chinese tea: An in vitro study. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2000; 4:635-638.
13
14.Nariman F, Eftekhar F, Habibi Z, Falsafi T. Anti-Helicobacter pylori activities of six Iranian plants. Helicobacter 2004; 9:146-151.
14
15.Mozaffarian V. Dictionary of Iranian plant names. Farhang Moaser, 1996.
15
16.DeCross AJ, Marshall BJ, McCallum RW, Hoffman SR, Barrett LJ, Guerrant RL. Metronidazol susceptibility testing for H. pylori: Comparison of disk, broth and agar dilution methods and their clinical relevance. J Clin Microbiol 1993; 31:1971-1974.
16
17.Eftekhar F, Nariman F, Habibi Z and Mohammadi N. Antibacterial activity of aerial extracts from Xanthium brasilicum. Iran J Pharm Res 2007; 6:65-68.
17
18.Sato Y, Oketani H, Yamada T, Singyouchi K, Ohtsubo T, Kihara M, et al. A xanthanolide with potent antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. J Pharmacol 1997; 49:1042-1047.
18
19.Kim YS, Kim JS, Park SH, Choi HU, Lee CO, Kim SK, et al. Two cytotoxic sesquiterpene lactones from the leaves of Xanthium strumarium and their in vitro inhibitory activity of n-farnesyltransferase. Planta Med 2003; 69:375-377.
19
20.Favier LS, Maria AOM, Wendel GH,. Borkowskia EJ, Giordano OS, Pelzerb L, et al. Anti-ulcerogenic activity of xanthanolide sesquiterpenes from Xanthium cavanillesii in rats. J Ethnopharmacol 2005;100:260-267.
20
21. Mahady GB, Pendland SL, Stoia A, Hamill FA, Fabricant D, Dietz BM, et al. In vitro susceptibility of Helicobacter pylori to botanical extracts used traditionally for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders. Phytother Res 2005;19:988-991.
21
22.Nostro A, Cellini L, Di Bartolomeo S, Di Campli E, Grande R, Cannatelli MA, et al. Antibacterial effect of plant extracts against Helicobacter pylori. Phytother Res 2005; 19:198-202.
22
23.Deriu A, Branca G, Molicotti P, Pintore G, Chessa M, Tirillini B, et al. In vitro activity of essential oil of Myrtus communis L. against Helicobacter pylori. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2007; 30:562-565.
23
24.Yeilada E, Gurbuz I, Shibata H. Screening of Turkish anti-ulcerogenic folk remedies for anti-Helicobacter pylori activity. J Ethnopharmacol 1999; 66:289-293.
24
25.Wang YC, Huang TL. Screening of anti-Helicobacter pylori herbs deriving from Taiwanese folk medicinal plants. FEMS Immun Med Microbiol 2005; 43:295-300.
25
26.Stamatis G, Kyriazopoulos P, Golegou S, Basayiannis A, Skaltsas S, Skaltsa H. In vitro anti-Helicobacter pylori activity of Greek herbal medicines. J Ethnopharmacol 2003; 88:175-179.
26
27.Gurbuz I, Ustun, O, Yesilada E, Sezik E, Kutsal O. Anti-ulcerogenic activity of some plants used as folk remedy in Turkey. J Ethnopharmacol 2003; 88: 93-97.
27
28.Azuma K, Ito H, Ippoushi K, Higashio H. In vitro antibacterial activity of extracts from four Labiatae herbs against Helicobacter pylori and Streptococcus mutans. Bull Natl Inst Veg & Tea Science, Japan 2003; 2:83-91.
28
29.Fukai T, Marumo A, Kaitou K, KandaT, Terada S, Nomura T. Anti-Helicobacter pylori flavonoids from licorice extract. Life Sci 2002; 71:1449-1463.
29
30.Graham DY, Anderson SY, Lang T. Garlic or jalapeno peppers for treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection. Am J Gastroenterol 1999; 94:1200-1202.
30
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of the Effects of Quinazolinones on Internal Organs of Newborn Balb/C Mice
Objective(s)
Quinazolinones are heterocyclic compounds, with biological and pharmacological activities, such as inhibiting some proteins, enzymes and reducing blood lipids.
Materials and Methods
Following previous results of our group, effects of two new derivatives of quinazolinones 9(3)-quinazolinone-2-propyl-2-phenylethyl (QPPE) and 9(3)-quinazolinone-2-ethyl-2-phenylethyl (QEPE) on livers, intestines and kidneys of newborn Balb/C mice were investigated. Pregnant mice were divided into four groups of control, sham, experimental 1, treated with QPPE, and experimental 2, treated with QEPE. Experimental groups received 100 mg/kg body weight (most effective dose) of QPPE and QEPE, sham groups received methyl cellulose 0.05% (the solvent) and control groups received distilled water, intraperitoneally (IP), on day 8 of gestation. Five days after birth, livers, intestines and kidneys were removed, fixed in formalin 10%, stained with hematoxylene and eosin for histological and pathological studies.
Results
Results showed appearance of fatty changes in livers, an increase in diameters of hepatocytes and central veins of livers, and reduction in the lengths of villi of proximal, middle and distal segments of newborn Balb/C mice intestines. Furthermore, there was a diminished diameter of the lumen of the proximal tubules, and average diameter of the lumen of distal tubules which led to an increase in the number of glomeruli cells of newborn Balb/C mice kidneys.
Conclusion
Regarding inflammation in different parts of the kidneys, livers and intestines, our investigations suggest that quinazolinones may have some toxic effects on embryos.
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_5154_a9b9c267584718142850d3156ceae7b9.pdf
2009-04-01
112
120
10.22038/ijbms.2009.5154
Abnormalities
Intestine
Kidney
Liver
Mice fetuses
Quinazolinones
Maryam
Shams Lahijani
mslahijani2006@gmail.com
1
Developmental Biology,Animal Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Shahid-Beheshti University (SBU),G.C., Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Hoda
Rajabi
2
Developmental Biology,Animal Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Shahid-Beheshti University (SBU),G.C., Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Samar
Etemad
3
Developmental Biology,Animal Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Shahid-Beheshti University (SBU),G.C., Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Mahla
Fadavi Eslam
4
Developmental Biology,Animal Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Shahid-Beheshti University (SBU),G.C., Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
1.Fawzia MR, Amr YE, Soad M, Aida MI, Mona AM. The antihyperlipidemic activities of 4(3H) quinazolinone and two halogenated derivatives in rats. Lipids Health Dis 2005; 4:22-30.
1
2.Vuong NT, Xing-Ping L, Chun-Lin C, Fatih MU. Treatment of atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice with 4-(3'-bromobenzoyl)-6,7-dimethoxyquinazoline (WHI-P164), a potent inhibitor of triglyceride synthesis. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2000; 35:179-181.
2
3.Shams Lahijani M, Aounegh R. Teratogenic effects of quinazolinones on balb/C mice fetuses. J Med Sci Res 2007; 1:25-30.
3
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Tissue PCR Diagnosis of Patients Suspicious for Tuberculous Pleurisy
Objective(s) This study planned to assess the value of PCR IS6110 assay in tissue specimens of needle pleural biopsy in patients suspicious to pleural tuberculosis. Materials and Methods Sixty eight patients with lymphocytic exudative pleural effusion underwent pleural biopsy. Tissue samples were sent for pathologic examination and PCR IS6110 assay. The results of PCR reported as positive/ negative and assessed according to the current gold standard pathologic diagnosis. Results Twenty nine patients had tuberculous and 12 had malignant pleural involvement, respectively. The remaining 27 samples were reported as non-specific pleurisy. Results of PCR were positive in 35 out of 68 total subjects and in 19 out of 29 TB patients. Sensitivity and specificity of PCR were calculated as 67.9% and 62.5%, respectively. Conclusion An acceptable sensitivity and specificity for PCR examination of pleural tissue can serves it as a useful adjunct in undergoing needle pleural biopsy for possibility of tuberculosis.
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_5156_e5810388cbf2590e2659ee0268dd0f2a.pdf
2009-04-01
121
125
10.22038/ijbms.2009.5156
DNA Primers
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Pleural
Polymerase chain reaction
Mahnaz
Amini
aminim@mums.ac.ir
1
Department of Internal Medicine, Imam Reza Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Science (MUMS), Mashhad, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Davood
Attaran
2
Department of Internal Medicine, Ghaem Hospital, Lung and Tuberculosis Research Center, MUMS, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Kiarash
Ghazvini
3
Department of Mycobacteriology, Ghaem Hospital, MUMS, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Habibollah
Esmaily
4
School of Medicine, MUMS, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Mahmood
Bagheri
5
School of Medicine, MUMS, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
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