2024-03-29T01:09:56Z
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/?_action=export&rf=summon&issue=1749
Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
2008-3866
2008-3866
2020
23
3
Genus Boswellia as a new candidate for neurodegenerative disorders
Arezoo
Rajabian
Hamid Reza
Sadeghnia
Sahar
Fanoudi
Azar
Hosseini
Neurodegenerative diseases, characterized by progressive loss of neurons, share common mechanisms such as apoptotic cell death, mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Genus Boswellia is a genus in the Burseraceae family. It comprises several species traditionally used for treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases, cerebral edema, chronic pain syndrome, gastrointestinal diseases, tumors, as well as enhancing intelligence. Many studies have been carried out to discover therapeutic approaches for neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s diseases, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease, multiple sclerosis and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, stroke, and concomitant cognitive deficits. However, no curative treatment has been developed. This paper provides an overview of evidence about the potential of the Boswellia species and their main constituents, boswellic acids, as modulators of several mechanisms involved in the pathology of the neurodegenerative diseases. In vitro, animal, and clinical studies have confirmed that Boswellia species contain bioactive components that may enhance cognitive activity and protect against neurodegeneration. They exert the beneficial effects via targeting multiple pathological causes by antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, antiamyloidogenic, and anti-apoptotic properties. The Boswellia species, having neuroprotective potential, makes them a promising candidate to cure or prevent the neurodegenerative disorders.
Alzheimer’s diseases
Boswellia
Cognitive
Neurodegenerative diseases
Neuroprotection
2020
03
01
277
286
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_14569_9f8e1e627a634210dd8e204ca621ab06.pdf
Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
2008-3866
2008-3866
2020
23
3
Bone marrow dendritic cells deficient for CD40 and IL-23p19 are tolerogenic in vitro
Tahereh
kalantari
Bogoljub
Ciric
Eskandar
Kamali-Sarvestani
Abdolmohamad
Rostami
Objective(s): In addition to pro-inflammatory role, dendritic cells (DCs) can also be anti-inflammatory when they acquire tolerogenic phenotype. In this study we tested the role of CD40 and IL-23p19 in antigen presenting function of bone marrow-derived DCs (BMDCs) by comparing BMDCs derived from CD40 knockout (CD40KO-DCs) and IL-23p19 (IL-23p19KO-DCs) knockout mice with those from C57BL/6 mice (Cont-DCs). We have focused on CD40 and IL-23, as these molecules have well established pro-inflammatory roles in a number of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Materials and Methods: The expression of maturation markers MHC II and co-stimulatory molecules CD40, CD80, and CD86 was analyzed by flow cytometry, while the expression of CD40 and IL-23p19 was measured by RT-PCR. The capacity of BMDCs to activate CD4+ T cells was evaluated by 3H-thymidine incorporation, and the capacity of BMDCs to uptake antigen was evaluated using fluorescent OVA and flow cytometry. Results: The lack of CD40 or IL-23p19 had no effect on uptake of FITC-OVA by the DCs, confirming their immature phenotype. Moreover, CD40KO-DCs had significantly reduced capacity to stimulate proliferation of CD4+ T cells. CD4+ T cells activated by CD40KO-DCs and IL-23p19KO-DCs produced significantly less IFN-γ (P-value ≤0.05), while CD4+ T cells stimulated by IL-23p19KO-DCs produced less GM-CSF and more IL-10 than Cont-DCs. Conclusion: This study shows that CD40KO-DCs and IL-23p19KO-DCs have a marked tolerogenic potency in vitro. Future in vivo studies should determine if and to what extent DCs lacking CD40 or IL-23 have a potential to be useful in therapy of autoimmune inflammation.
CD40
CD40KO
IL-23
IL-23p19KO
Tolerogenic DC
2020
03
01
287
292
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_14559_91ff436ba6d68a96dfd5d7d07e867b4f.pdf
Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
2008-3866
2008-3866
2020
23
3
Heat shock factor 5 is essential for spermatogenesis in mice: Detected by a new monoclonal antibody
Atefeh
Hemati
Mohammad Hossein
Modarressi
sedighe
kolivand
Mahnaz
Azarnia
Objective(s): Here, we examined the function of our produced monoclonal antibody (mAb10C3) to recognize one of the most important members of the HEAT shock factor family, Hsf5, in embryonic development and in spermatogenic cells of adult mouse testis.Materials and Methods: The targeting effects of mAb10C3 were investigated by immunohistochemistry analysis in the different phases of the embryo and in the adult testis tissue sections.Results: The results of immunohistochemistry staining on the mouse embryos by the supernatant of hybridoma clone that produced mAb10C3, in the early and late phases (E7.5 and E14.5) of embryonic development, indicated that mAb10C3 could only detect Hsf5 in E7.5 and it did not have any targeting activity in the late phase of development. Therefore, we showed that the hsf5 gene has expressed in early mouse embryonic development. On the other hand, mAb10C3 could detect Hsf5 in spermatogonia and spermatocytes of adult testis in comparison with a known anti-Hsf5 antibody (ab98939) and an anti-PCNA antibody as a marker of spermatogonia cells.Conclusion: Taken together, these data indicated that generated anti-testis mAb10C3 was generated against anti-testis proteins, specifically to target Hsf5, and can be useful as a scientific tool to investigate the critical genes in the development and spermatogenesis.
antibody
Development
Hsf5
Hybridoma
Spermatogenesis
2020
03
01
293
297
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_14436_f116a43dba68b363641e085e6749dec2.pdf
Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
2008-3866
2008-3866
2020
23
3
Dopaminergic D1 receptors in nucleus basalis modulate recovery from propofol anesthesia in rats
Ke
Li
Yuran
Zhou
Bao
Fu
Objective(s): Melatonin, an important hormone secreted by the epiphysis, is a powerful anti-oxidant with a high potential to neutralize medical toxins. The goal of this study was to demonstrate the beneficial effect of melatonin on epididymal sperm and reproductive parameters in mice treated with acetylsalicylic acid (ASA).Materials and Methods: Thirty-nine SD rats were randomly split into D1 receptor agonist (chloro-APB), D1 receptor antagonist (SCH23390), and saline groups after preparing NB microinjection model. We observed the effect of NB microinjection of SCH23390, chloro-APB, or saline on the period of induction and recovery time of propofol anesthesia and recorded the changes of electroencephalogram (EEG) simultaneously.Results: NB microinjection of chloro-APB accelerated the recovery from propofol anesthesia (P<0.05), without affecting the induction of anesthesia (P>0.05); NB microinjection of SCH23390 produced the opposite effects. NB microinjection of saline did not influence the induction or recovery of propofol anesthesia (P>0.05). NB injection of chloro-APB decreased the ratio of δ power and increasedαand β ratios in prefrontal cortex EEG (P<0.05); NB microinjection of SCH23390 increased δ ratio and decreased β ratio (P<0.05); NB microinjection of saline had no significant effect on EEG (P>0.05). Conclusion: D1 dopamine receptors in NB are involved in modulating the emergence from propofol anesthesia, but not affecting the induction of propofol anesthesia.
Dopamine d1 receptors
Emergence
Induction
Nucleus Basalis
Propofol
2020
03
01
298
302
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_14329_f9a70651a52a8ead306ca1efa1970ae4.pdf
Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
2008-3866
2008-3866
2020
23
3
Evaluation of possible effects of crocin against nitrate tolerance and endothelial dysfunction
Seyedeh Farzaneh
Omidkhoda
Marjan
Razavi
Mohsen
Imenshahidi
Maryam
Rameshrad
Hossein
Hosseinzadeh
Objective(s): One of the most important problems of taking nitroglycerin is the nitrate tolerance phenomenon and endothelial dysfunction. Oxidative stress is a high-emphasized one of tolerance mechanisms. The possible effect of crocin, one of the anti-oxidant ingredients of saffron, on the nitrate tolerance model was investigated.Materials and Methods: In the present study, lipid peroxidation and the level of activated and deactivated forms of eNOS were measured. Animals were administered subcutaneously with 25 mg/kg of nitroglycerin, twice a day for 3 days to induce nitrate tolerance model. For evaluation of crocin effects, 20, 40 and 80 mg/kg/day of this compound were injected intraperitoneally in concomitant with nitroglycerin. In the isolated aorta test, after preparation of aorta rings, different concentrations of acetylcholine, sodium nitroprusside and nitroglycerin were added to the organ bath after inducing contraction by phenylephrine and the responsiveness of tissues was recorded.Results: Findings showed that nitroglycerin administration caused a remarkable overproduction of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the cells and crocin treatment significantly decreased the MDA level. In the nitrate tolerance group, the level of activated eNOS decreased and the level of deactivated eNOS increased. Crocin partly alleviated these changes: however, its effects were not remarkable. Nitroglycerin injection for 3 days developed tolerance to nitroglycerin and cross-tolerance to acetylcholine (endothelial dysfunction) and sodium nitroprusside. Crocin failed to influence significantly on the nitrate tolerance.Conclusion: Crocin effectiveness is possibly time-dependent; therefore, increasing the duration of treatment with crocin may lead to a significant prevention of nitrate tolerance and endothelial dysfunction.
Crocin
Endothelial dysfunction
Malondialdehyde
Nitrate tolerance
Oxidative stress
2020
03
01
303
310
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_14333_1bc30acda09de3c6c6cb64976dcda3a7.pdf
Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
2008-3866
2008-3866
2020
23
3
NMR-based plasma metabolic profiling in patients with unstable angina
Mohammad
Pouralijan Amiri
Maryam
Khoshkam
Reza
Madadi
koorosh
kamali
Ghassem
Faghanzadeh Ganji
Reza
Salek
Ali
Ramazani
Objective(s): Unstable angina (UA) is a form of the acute coronary syndrome (ACS) that affects more than a third of the population before age 70. Due to the limitations of diagnostic tests, appropriate identification of UA is difficult. In this study, we proceeded to investigate metabolite profiling in UA patients compared with controls to determine potential candidate biomarkers. Materials and Methods: Ninety-four plasma samples from UA and 32 samples from controls were analyzed based on 1H NMR spectroscopy. The raw data were processed, analyzed, and subjected to partial least squares-discrimination analysis (PLS-DA), a supervised classification method with a good separation of control and UA patients was observed. The most important variables (VIP) ≥1 were selected and submitted to MetaboAnalyst pathway enrichment to identify the most important ones. Results: We identified 17 disturbed metabolites in UA patients in comparison with the controls. These metabolites are involved in various biochemical pathways such as steroid hormone biosynthesis, aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, and lysine degradation. Some of the metabolites were deoxycorticosterone, 17-hydroxyprogesterone, androstenedione, androstanedione, etiocholanolone, estradiol, 2-hydroxyestradiol, 2-hydroxyestrone, 2-methoxyestradiol, and 2-methoxyestrone. In order to determine test applicability in diagnosing UA, a diagnostic model was further created using the receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve. The areas under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, and precision were 0.87, 90%, 65%, and 91%, respectively, for diagnosing of UA.Conclusion: These metabolites could not only be useful for the diagnosis of UA patients but also provide more information for further deciphering of the biological processes of UA.
Biomarker
Metabolites
Metabolomics
NMR spectroscopy
Unstable angina
2020
03
01
311
320
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_14558_d9a8cb980ae6d2687e3867f7307782d4.pdf
Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
2008-3866
2008-3866
2020
23
3
Anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects of hyperbaric oxygen preconditioning in a rat model of cisplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy
Emad
Khademi
Vahid
Pirhajati Mahabadi
Hassan
Ahmadvand
Esmaeil
Akbari
Alireza
Khalatbary
Objective(s): Cisplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy is a debilitating side effect in patients receiving this drug. Recent studies suggest hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy as a new treatment approach for models of neural injury. The aim of the current study was to determine the protective effects of HBO preconditioning against peripheral neuropathy induced by Cisplatin (CDDP).Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted on 4 groups of rats: Sham group; HBO group (60 min/d); Control group (CDDP 2 mg/kg/d); Precondition group (HBO+CDDP). Mechanical threshold testing was weekly carried out using von Frey filament. Sciatic nerve and associated ganglia were removed five weeks after the first CDDP injection for biochemical evaluation of malondialdehyde (MDA) content and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, immunohistochemistry of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL), TNF-α, caspase-3 and iNOS, and transmission electron microscopic (TEM) assessments.Results: MDA levels and MPO activities were significantly decreased in preconditioned rats. Attenuated TUNEL reaction along with attenuated caspase-3, TNF-α, and iNOS expression could be significantly detected in preconditioned rats. Also, HBO preconditioning improved the nociceptive threshold. Conclusion: The results suggest that HBO preconditioning can attenuate peripheral neuropathy caused by cisplatin in rats.
Apoptosis
Cisplatin
Hyperbaric oxygen
Inflammation
Neuropathy
2020
03
01
321
328
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_14410_7c77c0b9e8c6310c6bfb0b99358afae6.pdf
Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
2008-3866
2008-3866
2020
23
3
Inhibition of miR-22 enhanced the efficacy of icotinib plus pemetrexed in a rat model of non-small cell lung cancer
Jing
Zhang
Zhi-Qiang
Xue
Bin
Wang
Jia-Xin
Wen
Yun-Xi
Wang
Objective(s): To investigate the role of miR-22 in the efficacy of combined icotinib (BPI-2009H) and pemetrexed (LY-231514) on tumor growth and apoptosis in rats with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Materials and Methods: Rats were injected with HCC827 cells, which were transfected with anti-miR-22, followed by the treatment of BPI-2009H and/or LY-231514. MTT assay was used to detect the inhibition rate of HCC827 cells. qRT-PCR was performed to examine miR-22 expression in HCC827 cells and lung tumor tissues. Moreover, immunohistochemistry and Western blotting were performed to detect the related-molecule expressions, while TUNEL staining was used to observe cell apoptosis of lung tumor tissues.Results: MiR-22 expression was decreased in HCC827 cells after the treatment of BPI-2009H or LY-231514 in a dose-dependent manner. Both BPI-2009H and LY-231514 increased the inhibition rate of HCC827 cells, which was enhanced by anti-miR-22 with decreased IC50 values. Furthermore, the decreased expression of miR-22 was found after the treatment of BPI-2009H or/and LY-231514 in lung tumor tissues. In addition, the expressions of PCNA, Ki67, and Bcl-2 were reduced, but Bax and Caspase-3 were increased in treated rats, typically in those rats treated with the combination of anti-miR-22, BPI-2009H, and LY-231514. Conclusion: Inhibition of miR-22 could enhance the efficacy of icotinib combined with pemetrexed in rats with NSCLC, providing a new perspective for NSCLC therapy.
Carcinoma
Human
Icotinib
MIRN22 microRNA
Non-Small-Cell Lung
Pemetrexed
2020
03
01
329
336
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_14466_f258e33d9d04247ebc5769a3ee3933ab.pdf
Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
2008-3866
2008-3866
2020
23
3
Moisturizing effects of solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) and nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) using deionized and magnetized water by in vivo and in vitro methods
Susan
Sarhadi
Mostafa
Gholizadeh
Tina
Moghadasian
Shiva
Golmohamadzadeh
Objective(s): The present study aimed to determine and compare moisturizing and occlusion effects of different solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) and nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) using magnetized water and deionized water.Materials and Methods: SLN formulations were prepared using various lipids, including Tripalmitin, Compritol®, Precirol®, and emulsifiers including Poloxamer and Tween 80. NLC formulations were also prepared with oleic acid and the same solid lipids. Two types of formulations were prepared; first with deionized water and then with magnetized water. Formulations were prepared using high shear homogenization and ultrasound methods. The products were analyzed by PSA (particle size analyzer), DSC (differential scanning calorimetry), and TEM (transmission electron microscopy). The moisturizing effect of formulations was determined by in vivo and in vitro methods. Results: Findings of the assessments demonstrated that in products prepared with magnetized water, 5% SLN Precirol® had the most moisturizing effect in vivo and 5% SLN Compritol® had the most moisturizing effect in vitro. The use of magnetized water in formulations can improve the effectiveness and increase the stability of moisturizing products.Conclusion: In this study, all products prepared with magnetized water showed more stability, smaller size, and more moisturizing effects compared with products prepared with deionized water.
Deionized water
Magnetized water
NLC
Skin dryness
SLN
2020
03
01
337
343
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_14634_8890a436c5098dcb49ce46cd60e4f095.pdf
Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
2008-3866
2008-3866
2020
23
3
Cardiovascular responses produced by resistin injected into paraventricular nucleus mediated by the glutamatergic and CRFergic transmissions within rostral ventrolateral medulla
Abolfazl
Akbari
Gholamali
Jelodar
Objective(s): Resistin, as a 12.5 kDa cysteine-rich polypeptide, is expressed in hypothalamus and regulates sympathetic nerve activity. It is associated with obesity, metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular diseases. In this study, we investigated the neural pathway of cardiovascular responses induced by injection of resistin into paraventricular nucleus (PVN) with rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM). Materials and Methods: Adult male rats were anesthetized with urethane (1.4 g/kg intraperitoneally). Resistin (3 µg/1 µl/rat) was first injected into PVN, and the glutamatergic, corticotrophin-releasing factor (CRF)-ergic and angiotensinogenic transmission was inhibited by injecting of their antagonist in RVLM. Arterial pressure (AP) and heart rate (HR) were monitored before and after the injection. Results: The results showed that resistin injection into PVN significantly increased AP and HR compared to control group and prior to its injection (P<0.05). Injection of AP5 ((2R)-amino-5-phosphonovaleric acid; (2R)-amino-5-phosphonopentanoate) (50 nM/rat), losartan (10 nM/rat) and astressin (50 nM/rat) into RVLM reduced cardiovascular responses produced by injected resistin into PVN. Injection of AP5+losartan or astressin+losartan or astressin+AP5 into RVLM could significantly reduce cardiovascular responses produced by resistin compared to before injection (P<0.05). Furthermore, the depressor responses generated by AP5+losartan injected into RVLM were significantly stronger than the depressor responses generated by AP5+astressin and/or astressin+losartan injected into RVLM (P<0.05). Conclusion: It can be concluded that glutamatergic and CRFergic transmissions have crucial contribution to cardiovascular responses produced by resistin. The results provided new and potentially important insight regarding neural transmission when the plasma level of resistin increases; this reveals the role of resistin in cardiovascular responses such as metabolic syndrome and hypertension.
Angiotensin II
Arterial Pressure
Corticotrophin-releasing hormone
Heart rate
L-Glutamate
Paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus
Resistin
2020
03
01
344
353
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_14435_186a8ef7fdd080e84a10f062aa5bf43b.pdf
Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
2008-3866
2008-3866
2020
23
3
Lentiviral vector-mediated transduction of adult neural stem/progenitor cells isolated from the temporal tissues of epileptic patients
Sara
Abdollahi
Azizollah
Khodakaram-Tafti
Hadi
Aligholi
Saeid
Ziaei
Maryam
Khaleghi Ghadiri
Walter
Stummer
Ali
Gorji
Objective(s): Neural stem/progenitor cells (NS/PCs) hold a great potential for delivery of therapeutic agents into the injured regions of the brain. Efficient gene delivery using NS/PCs may correct a genetic defect, produce therapeutic proteins or neurotransmitters, and modulate enzyme activation. Here, we investigated the efficiency of a recombinant lentivirus vector expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP) for genetic engineering of human NS/PCs obtained during brain surgery on patients with medically intractable epilepsy.Materials and Methods: NS/PCs were isolated from human epileptic neocortical tissues. Three plasmids (pCDH, psPAX2, pMD2.G) were used to make the virus. To produce the recombinant viruses, vectors were transmitted simultaneously into HEk-293T cells. The lentiviral particles were then used to transduce human NS/PCs. Results: Our in vitro study revealed that lentivirus vector expressing GFP efficiently transduced about 80% of human NS/PCs. The expression of GFP was assessed as early as 3 days following exposure and remained persistent for at least 4 weeks. Conclusion: Lentiviral vectors can mediate stable, long-term expression of GFP in human NS/PCs obtained from epileptic neocortical tissues. This suggests lentiviral vectors as a potential useful tool in human NS/PCs-based gene therapy for neurological disorders, such as epilepsy.
GFP
Lentivirus
Neural stem/progenitor cells
Seizure
Transplantation
2020
03
01
354
361
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_14434_81c87faf969f6bcfd42f7267a58da98d.pdf
Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
2008-3866
2008-3866
2020
23
3
Effect of neuregulin-1 on the auditory cortex in adult C57BL/6J mice
Yun-Mei
Zhang
Zhen-Dong
Yang
Ya-Feng
Yu
Objective(s): We sought to explore whether neuregulin-1(NRG1) would have a protective effect on the auditory cortices of adult C57BL/6J mice.Materials and Methods: We used RTPCR and Western blot (WB) to detect the expression of NRG1 and ERBB4 (the receptor of NRG1) in the auditory cortices of C57BL/6J mice of different ages (6–8 weeks and 42–44 weeks). Three groups of 42–44 week-old C57BL/6J mice were intraperitoneally injected with mouse neurotrophic factor (m-NGF), NRG1, or saline for two months. We observed the ultrastructures of the auditory cortices of adult mice after treatment using transmission electron microscopy. Additionally, we observed expression of NRG1 in the auditory cortices by immunohistochemistry.Results: Expression of NRG1 and ERBB4 in the auditory cortices of C57BL/6J mice at the age of 42–44 weeks was lower compared with 6–8 week-old mice. The ultra-structures of the auditory cortices, including the neurons and myelin sheaths, as revealed by transmission electron microscopy were healthier in the m-NGF and NRG1 treatment groups than those in the saline group. We found that expression of NRG1 in the auditory cortices after treatment in the m-NGF and NRG1 groups, especially in the NRG1 group, was higher than that in the saline group.Conclusion: We concluded that with increasing age, NRG1 in the auditory cortices of C57BL/6J mice gradually decreased, and that NRG1 had a protective effect on the auditory cortices in adult C57BL/J mice.
Auditory cortex
Mice
Mouse neurotrophic factor
Neuregulin-1
Presbycusis
2020
03
01
362
367
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_14557_42a92b2e69e9ad847cf2d094d3251324.pdf
Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
2008-3866
2008-3866
2020
23
3
Ceftriaxone improves senile neurocognition damages induced by D-galactose in mice
Elham
Hakimizadeh
Ayat
Kaeidi
Zahra
Taghipour
Saeed
Mehrzadi
Mohammad
Allahtavakoli
Ali
Shamsizadeh
Gholamreza
Bazmandegan
Jalal
Hassanshahi
Mohammad Reza
Aflatoonian
Iman
Fatemi
Objective(s): Ceftriaxone (Cef), a beta-lactam antibiotic, is accompanied by antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. It has been shown that Cef has beneficial effects on Alzheimer’s disease. In the current investigation, the effect of Cef in a mice model of aging was investigated. Materials and Methods: Forty male mice were equally aliquoted into four groups as follows: Control (as healthy normal animals), D-galactose (DG) group (treated with 500 mg/kg/day DG for 6 weeks), DG + Cef group (treated with DG plus Cef 200 mg/kg/day for 6 weeks), and Cef group (treated with Cef 200 mg/kg/day for 6 weeks). A battery of behavioral tests was done to evaluate age-related neurocognitive changes. The activities of catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and superoxide dismutase (SOD), as well as the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the brain, were measured by biochemical methods. Also, to determine the brain damage, histopathological alterations in the hippocampus were measured using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. Results: Our results indicate that neurobehavioral dysfunctions of DG can be prevented by co-administration of Cef. We also found that Cef increases the activity of SOD, GPx, and CAT as well as decreasing the level of MDA in the brain of aged mice. Conclusion: Based on our findings, Cef declines neurocognitive dysfunctions in the DG-induced model of aging, possibly through its antioxidative properties.
Aging
Ceftriaxone
D-galactose
Mice
Oxidative stress
2020
03
01
368
375
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_14465_dd64fa59aeb9539cbfdb28c198a772d6.pdf
Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
2008-3866
2008-3866
2020
23
3
Investigating the inhibitory effect of miR-34a, miR-449a, miR-1827, and miR-106b on target genes including NOTCH1, c-Myc, and CCND1 in human T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia clinical samples and cell line
Tohid
Naderi
Samira
Mohammadi Yeganeh
Neda
Mohammadi-Hezaveh
Razie
Hadavi
Ahmad
Gharehbaghian
Nader
Vazifeh Shiran
Vahid
Fallah Azad
Mahdi
Paryan
Objective(s): microRNAs are small non-coding molecules that regulate gene expression in various biological processes. T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is a malignancy accompanied with genetic aberrations and accounts for 20% of children’s and adult’s ALL. Notch signaling pathway dysregulation occurs in 60% of T-ALL cases. In the present study, we aimed to determine the relationship between miRNAs and genes involved in Notch signaling pathway. Materials and Methods: Considering the role of the pathway and its down-stream genes in proliferation, differentiation, cell cycle, and apoptosis, NOTCH1, c-Myc, and CCND1 genes were selected as target genes. Using bioinformatics studies, miR-34a, miR-449a, miR-1827, and miR-106b were selected as miRNAs targeting the above-mentioned genes. We evaluated these genes and miRNAs in T-ALL clinical samples as well as Jurkat cell line, in which NOTCH1 is overexpressed. Results: Quantitative Real-Time PCR indicated that NOTCH1, c-Myc, and CCND1 were overexpressed in samples with decreased expression of miR-34a. In addition, we observed that samples with decreased expression of miR-449a showed increased expression of NOTCH1 and CCND1. Furthermore, we analyzed the expression of miR-1827 and miR-106b, which target c-Myc and CCND1, respectively. We found out that the expression of miR-1827, miR-106b, and their respective target genes were inversely correlated in 80% and 75% of the cases (r=0.8), respectively. Furthermore, in Jurkat cell line, the expression of target genes was increased while the candidate miRNAs except miR-34a were decreased. Conclusion: These miRNAs can be proposed as biomarkers and new therapeutic targets in T-ALL patients who have NOTCH1 overexpression.
Bioinformatics
Biomarker
miRNA
Notch signaling pathway
T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia
2020
03
01
376
382
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_14413_d2955d29af2305e90a79e3902646446f.pdf
Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
2008-3866
2008-3866
2020
23
3
In vivo and in vitro effects of Salsola collina on gastrointestinal motility in rats
Shasha
Wang
Meixing
Yan
Yaoyao
Guo
Runzhou
Sun
Hong
Jin
Yanling
Gong
Objective(s): Salsola collina is widely distributed along the Bohai coast and consumed as an edible plant by native residents. We have found surprisingly that S. collina extracts promoted gastrointestinal motility in mice previously. In the present study, effects of S. collina on gastrointestinal motility in rats and its underlying mechanism were explored.Materials and Methods: In vivo, different fraction extracts from S. collina were prepared and the effects on gastric emptying and small intestinal propulsion in normal rats were measured. Plasma ghrelin (GRL), motilin (MTL), gastrin (GAS) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and expressions of GRL receptor (GHSR), MTL receptor (MTLR), VIP receptor 2 (VIPR2) in the duodenum were also detected. In vitro, gastric antrum strips were prepared and activities of different extracts on gastric smooth muscle contractions were evaluated.Results: Results showed that the ethyl acetate extract (EAE) was the most effective fraction to promote gastric emptying and intestinal propulsion, showing a dose-dependent manner. EAE increased plasma GRL and GAS, elevated GHSR expression and restrained VIPR2 expression in the duodenum. In vitro, EAE promoted contraction of normal gastric antrum strips as well as relaxed strips induced by atropine.Conclusion: These data indicate that EAE has a significant prokinetic activity via a mechanism that mainly involves in modulating plasma GRL and GAS, expressions of GSHR and VIPR2 in the duodenum and activating M-cholinergic receptor. Our study provides a pharmacological basis for the use of S. collina extract in treating gastrointestinal motility disorders.
Atropine
epinephrine
Gastrointestinal Motility
Gastrointestinal hormones
Rat
2020
03
01
383
389
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_14411_f57fc84051580104d6034882f50efc03.pdf
Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
2008-3866
2008-3866
2020
23
3
Effect of rutin on oxidative DNA damage in PC12 neurons cultured in nutrients deprivation condition
Marjan
Nassiri-Asl
Ahmad
Ghorbani
Sahar
Salehisar
Elham
Asadpour
Hamid Reza
Sadeghnia
Objective(s): Rutin is a flavonoid with potent antioxidant property, which exhibited cytoprotective effects in several models of neuronal injury. This work aimed to examine whether rutin can protect neurons against oxidative DNA damage caused by serum/glucose deprivation (SGD) as an in vitro model of neurodegeneration and ischemia. Materials and Methods: The PC12 cells were cultured for 2 hr in normal culture medium containing different concentrations of rutin or α-tocopherol (positive control) and then further incubated for 12 hr in SGD condition. Then, cell viability, DNA fragmentation, lipid peroxidation, generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the expression of proteins involved in apoptosis were determined. Results: The SGD condition significantly decreased viability of the cells, which was accompanied by a significant rise in the generation of ROS and lipid peroxidation. Rutin enhanced the viability of PC12 cells in SGD condition and reduced the production of ROS and lipid peroxidation. In addition, rutin decreased DNA damage and inhibited apoptotic cell death by decreasing the levels of proapoptotic proteins (Bax, caspase-3, caspase-9) and increasing the level of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2.Conclusion: This study demonstrated that rutin inhibits oxidative DNA damage and neuronal death induced by nutrients deprivation condition. Further studies may warrant the use of rutin as an appropriate neuroprotective agent for ischemic attacks and other neurodegenerative disorders.
Apoptosis
DNA
Oxidative stress
PC12
Rutin
2020
03
01
390
395
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_14632_4b992aab73432b2579c70e17d2cf4401.pdf
Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
2008-3866
2008-3866
2020
23
3
Beneficial effects of N-acetylcysteine on protease-antiprotease balance in attenuating bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats
Ritu
Kulshrestha
Apoorva
Pandey
Amteshwar
Jaggi
Surendra
Bansal
Objective(s): The role of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) as an anti-oxidant in attenuating bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis has been reported. However, its effect on parenchymal remodeling via regulating the protease-antiprotease balance is not fully defined. Therefore, the present study was designed to explore the possible role of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP), tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMP) and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) pathway and their modulation by NAC in attenuating bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats.Materials and Methods: Bleomycin sulphate (7 units/kg) was instilled inside the trachea to induce pulmonary fibrosis. The time course of TGF-β1, MMP-9, TIMP-1,3 mRNA and protein expression, TGF-β1 and hydroxyproline levels were evaluated on days 7, 14, and 28. NAC (0.3 mmol/kg and 3 mmol/kg) was administered in bleomycin-instilled animals.Results: NAC treatment significantly attenuated bleomycin-induced histopathological changes by decreasing interstitial inflammation and reducing the deposition of extracellular matrix proteins such as collagen. Moreover, it increased the mRNA and protein expression of MMP-9 and decreased the expression of TIMP-1,3 in alveolar epithelial cells (AECs), interstitial macrophages and inflammatory cells. Indeed, there was decrease in the MMP-9/TIMP ratio in bleomycin-instilled rats, which increased with NAC treatment. Moreover, NAC attenuated bleomycin-induced increased expression of TGF-β1 and total lung collagen levels.Conclusion: NAC attenuates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis by normalizing the protease-antiprotease balance and favoring the degradation of collegen to reduce fibrosis.
Bleomycin
MMP-9
N-acetylcysteine
Pulmonary Fibrosis
TGF-β1
TIMPs
2020
03
01
396
405
https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_14633_447a4f4bdc2ebeba09da7b86b6821b69.pdf