<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
			<journal>
			<title>Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences</title>
			<title_fa></title_fa>
			<short_title></short_title>
			<subject>Medical Sciences</subject>
			<web_url>https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/</web_url>
			<journal_hbi_system_id>0</journal_hbi_system_id>
			<journal_hbi_system_user></journal_hbi_system_user>
			<journal_id_issn>2008-3866</journal_id_issn>
			<journal_id_issn_online>2008-3874</journal_id_issn_online>
			<journal_id_pii></journal_id_pii>
			<journal_id_doi></journal_id_doi>
			<journal_id_iranmedex></journal_id_iranmedex>
			<journal_id_magiran></journal_id_magiran>
			<journal_id_sid></journal_id_sid>
			<journal_id_nlai></journal_id_nlai>
			<journal_id_science></journal_id_science>
			<language>en</language>
			<pubdate>
				<type>jalali</type>
				<year>0</year>
				<month>0</month>
				<day>1</day>
			</pubdate>
			<pubdate>
				<type>gregorian</type>
				<year>2018</year>
				<month>3</month>
				<day>1</day>
			</pubdate>
			<volume>21</volume>
			<number>3</number>
			<publish_type>online</publish_type>
			<publish_edition>1</publish_edition>
			<article_type>fulltext</article_type>
			<articleset><article>
				<language>en</language>
				<article_id_issn></article_id_issn>
				<article_id_issn_online></article_id_issn_online>
				<article_id_pubmed></article_id_pubmed>
				<article_id_pii></article_id_pii>
				<article_id_doi></article_id_doi>
				<article_id_iranmedex></article_id_iranmedex>
				<article_id_magiran></article_id_magiran>
				<article_id_sid></article_id_sid>
				<title_fa></title_fa>
				<title>The cucurbitacins D, E, and I from Ecballium elaterium (L.) upregulate the LC3 gene and induce cell-cycle arrest in human gastric cancer cell line AGS</title>
				<subject_fa></subject_fa>
				<subject></subject>
				<content_type_fa></content_type_fa>
				<content_type>Original Article</content_type>
				<abstract_fa><![CDATA[]]></abstract_fa>
				<abstract><![CDATA[Objective(s): Cucurbitacins exhibit a range of anti-cancer functions. We investigated the effects of cucurbitacins D, E, and I purified from Ecballium elaterium (L.) A. Rich fruits on some apoptotic and autophagy genes in human gastric cancer cell line AGS. Materials and Methods: Using quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR), the expression of LC3, VEGF, BAX, caspase-3, and c-MYC genes were quantified in AGS cells 24 hr after treatment with cucurbitacins D, E, and I at concentrations 0.3, 0.1 and 0.5 μg/ml, respectively. Cell cycle and death were analyzed by ﬂowcytometry. Results: Purified cucurbitacins induced sub-G1 cell-cycle arrest and cell death in AGS cells and upregulated LC3mRNA effectively, but showed a very low effect on BAX, caspase-3, and c-MYC mRNA levels. Also after treatment with cucurbitacin I at concentration 0.5 μg/ml, VEGF mRNA levels were increased about 4.4 times. Pairwise comparison of the effect of cucurbitacins D, E, and I on LC3 mRNA expression showed that the cucurbitacin I effect is 1.3 and 1.1 times that of cucurbitacins E and D, respectively; cucurbitacin D effect is 1.2 times that of cucurbitacin E (P-value &lt;0.05). In silico analysis showed that among autophagy genes, LC3 has an important gastric cancer rank relation. Conclusion: Cucurbitacins D, E, and I purified from E. elaterium fruits upregulate LC3 and induce sub-G1 cell-cycle arrest and cell death in human gastric cancer cell line AGS. Cucurbitacin I effect on LC3 mRNA expression is significantly more than that of cucurbitacins E and D.]]></abstract>
				<keyword_fa></keyword_fa>
				<keyword>Apoptosis, Autophagy, Cell cycle, Cucurbitacins, Stomach Neoplasms</keyword>
				<start_page>253</start_page>
				<end_page>259</end_page>
				<web_url>https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_10193.html</web_url>
			<author_list><author>
				<first_name>Naser</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Jafargholizadeh</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>naser.jafargholizadeh@khayam.ut.ac.ir</email>
				<code>42367</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Department of Cell &amp; Molecular Biology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Seyed Jalal</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Zargar</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>zargar@khayam.ut.ac.ir</email>
				<code>42368</code>
				<coreauthor>Yes</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Department of Cell &amp; Molecular Biology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Younes</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Aftabi</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>y.aftabi@gmail.com</email>
				<code>42369</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Tuberculosis and Lung Disease Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author></author_list>
				</article>
			</articleset>
			</journal>