Effect of gallic acid on electrophysiological properties and ventricular arrhythmia following chemical-induced arrhythmia in rat

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Department of Physiology, Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran

Abstract

Objective(s): Ventricular arrhythmias including ventricular tachycardia (VT) and ventricular fibrillation (VF) are the most important causes of mortality rate. Gallic acid (GA) has beneficial effects on cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of GA on electrophysiological parameters such as QRS complex, heart rate (HR), PR interval parameters, and ventricular arrhythmia following chemical induction in rat.
Materials and Methods: Seventy-two male rats were divided into 9 groups (n=8). Chronic groups pretreated by GA (10, 30, and 50 mg/kg, orally) and normal saline (N/S, 1 ml/kg, orally) for 10 days. At the start of the experiments (the first day) and on the final day of the experiments (tenth day), the electrocardiogram (lead II) was recorded. At acute group, GA (50 mg/kg), and anti-arrhythmic drugs such as propranolol, amiodarone, and verapamil injected via intravenous (IV). Then, arrhythmia induced by a CaCl2 2.5% solution (140 mg/kg, IV). Afterward, percentage of premature ventricular beats (PVB), VF, and VT were recorded at 1, and 3 min.
Results: These findings showed that chronic and acute doses of GA have positive inotropic and anti-dysrhythmic effects by significant reduction of PVB, VT and VF on comparison with the control group. These actions are comparable to anti-arrhythmic drugs such as quinidine, propranolol, amiodarone, and verapamil. GA has not significant effect on chronotropic and dromotropic properties.
Conclusion: Findings showed that GA has antiarrhythmic, and inotropic characteristics that suggested GA has effective for mild congestive heart failure, and cardiovascular disorders patients which susceptible to incidence of arrhythmias.

Keywords

References

1. Kang N, Lee J-H, Lee W, Ko J-Y, Kim E-A, Kim J-S, et al. Gallic acid isolated from Spirogyra sp. improves cardiovascular disease through a vasorelaxant and antihypertensive effect. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. 2015; 39: 764-772.
2. Dianat M, Radan M, Badavi M, Sarkaki A. The evaluation of inotropic properties and antidysrhythmic effect of vanillic acid and exercise on CaCl2-induced arrhythmia in young and aged rats. RJPBCS. 2014;5:1545.
3. Zern TL, Fernandez ML. Cardioprotective effects of dietary polyphenols. J Nutr. 2005;135:2291-2294.
4. Balasundaram K, Masse S, Nair K, Umapathy K. A classification scheme for ventricular arrhythmias using wavelets analysis. Med Biol Eng Comput. 2013; 51:153-164.
5. John RM, Tedrow UB, Koplan BA, Albert CM, Epstein LM, Sweeney MO, et al. Ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. Lancet. 2012; 380: 1520-1529.
6. Khori V NM. Effect of Artemisia absinthium on electrophysiological properties of isolated heart of rats. J Physiol Pharmacol. 2007; 4:303-311.
7. Marquez MF, Bonny A, Hernandez-Castillo E, De Sisti A, Gomez-Flores J, Nava S, et al. Long-term efficacy of low doses of quinidine on malignant arrhythmias in Brugada syndrome with an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator: A case series and literature review. Heart Rhythm. 2012; 9: 1995-2000.
8. Katzung BG. Basic & clinical pharmacology. 11th ed. Tehran, arjmand book: arjmandpub; 2009. 300- 331.
9. Van Herendael H, Dorian P. Amiodarone for the treatment and prevention of ventricular fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia. Vasc Health Risk Manag. 2010; 6: 465-472.
10. Topliss J, Clark A, Ernst E, Hufford C, Johnston G, Rimoldi J, et al. Natural and synthetic substances related to human health (IUPAC Technical Report). Pure Appl Chem. 2002; 74: 1957-1985.
11. Kumar S, Saini M, Kumar V, Prakash O, Arya R, Rana M, et al. Traditional medicinal plants curing diabetes: A promise for today and tomorrow. Asian J Tradit Med. 2012; 7:178-188.
12. Zhang H-Y, Wang L-F. Theoretical elucidation on structure–antioxidant activity relationships for indolinonic hydroxylamines. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2002; 12: 225-227.
13. Prince PSM, Priscilla H, Devika PT. Gallic acid prevents lysosomal damage in isoproterenol induced cardiotoxicity in Wistar rats. Eur J Pharmacol. 2009; 615:139-143.
14. Kawada M, Ohno Y, Ri Y, Ikoma T, Yuugetu H, Asai T, et al. Anti-tumor effect of gallic acid on LL-2 lung cancer cells transplanted in mice. anti-Cancer Drug . 2001;12: 847-852.
15. Choubey S, Varughese LR, Kumar V, Beniwal V. Medicinal importance of gallic acid and its ester derivatives: a patent review. Pharm Pat Anal. 2015; 4:305-315.
16. Kim S-H, Jun C-D, Suk K, Choi B-J, Lim H, Park S, et al. Gallic acid inhibits histamine release and pro-inflammatory cytokine production in mast cells. Toxicol Sci. 2005; 91:123-131.
17. Chanwitheesuk A, Teerawutgulrag A, Kilburn JD, Rakariyatham N. Antimicrobial gallic acid from Caesalpinia mimosoides Lamk. Food Chem. 2007;100: 1044-1048.
18. Wang K, Zhu X, Zhang K, Zhu L, Zhou F. Investigation of gallic acid induced anticancer effect in human breast carcinoma MCF‐7 cells. J Biochem Mol Toxicol. 2014; 28: 387-393.
19. Sen S, Asokkumar K, Umamaheswari M, Sivashanmugam A, Subhadradevi V. Antiulcerogenic effect of gallic acid in rats and its effect on oxidant and antioxidant parameters in stomach tissue. Indian J Pharm Sci. 2013; 75:149-155.
20. Huang D-W, Chang W-C, Wu JS-B, Shih R-W, Shen S-C. Gallic acid ameliorates hyperglycemia and improves hepatic carbohydrate metabolism in rats fed a high-fructose diet. Nutr Res. 2016; 36:150-160.
21. Chao J, Huo T-I, Cheng H-Y, Tsai J-C, Liao J-W, Lee M-S, et al. Gallic acid ameliorated impaired glucose and lipid homeostasis in high fat diet-induced NAFLD mice. PloS One. 2014; 9: e96969.
22. Mansouri MT, Farbood Y, Sameri MJ, Sarkaki A, Naghizadeh B, Rafeirad M. Neuroprotective effects of oral gallic acid against oxidative stress induced by 6-hydroxydopamine in rats. Food Chem. 2013; 138:1028-1033.
23. Priscilla DH, Prince PS. Cardioprotective effect of gallic acid on cardiac troponin-T, cardiac marker enzymes, lipid peroxidation products and antioxidants in experimentally induced myocardial infarction in Wistar rats. Chem-Biol Interact. 2009; 179:118-124.
24. Appeldoorn CC, Bonnefoy A, Lutters BC, Daenens K, van Berkel TJ, Hoylaerts MF, et al. Gallic acid antagonizes P-selectin–mediated platelet–leukocyte interactions: Implications for the French paradox. Circulation. 2005; 111:106-112.
25. Jin L, Lin MQ, Piao ZH, Cho JY, Kim GR, Choi SY, et al. Gallic acid attenuates hypertension, cardiac remodeling, and fibrosis in mice with NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester-induced hypertension via regulation of histone deacetylase 1 or histone deacetylase 2. J Hypertens. 2017; 35:1502-1512.
26.Kee HJ, Cho S-N, Kim GR, Choi SY, Ryu Y, Kim IK, et al. Gallic acid inhibits vascular calcification through the blockade of BMP2–Smad1/5/8 signaling pathway. Vasc Pharmacol. 2014; 63:71-78.
27. Stanely Mainzen Prince P, Priscilla H, Devika PT. Gallic acid prevents lysosomal damage in isoproterenol induced cardiotoxicity in Wistar rats. Eur J Pharmacol. 2009; 615:139-143.
28. De Binay K, Majumdar D, Das D, Biswas PK, Mandal SK, Ray S, et al. Cardiac dysfunction in portal hypertension among patients with cirrhosis and non-cirrhotic portal fibrosis. J Hepatol. 2003;39:315-319.
29. Badavi M, Barzegar F, Dianat M, Mard SA. Evaluation of the Effect of gallic acid on QT interval prolongation and serum billirubin in rat model of liver cirrhosis. RJPBCS. 2016; 7: 586-592.
30. Kulkarni J, Swamy AV. Cardioprotective effect of gallic acid against doxorubicin-induced myocardial toxicity in albino rats. Indian J Health Sci Biomed Res (KLEU). 2015; 8: 28.
31. Chang SS, Lee VS, Tseng YL, Chang KC, Chen KB, Chen YL, et al. Gallic acid attenuates platelet activation and platelet-leukocyte aggregation: involving pathways of Akt and GSK3beta. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med: eCAM. 2012; 2012: 683872.
32. Jang A, Srinivasan P, Lee N, Song H, Lee J, Lee M, et al. Comparison of hypolipidemic activity of synthetic gallic acid-linoleic acid ester with mixture of gallic acid and linoleic acid, gallic acid, and linoleic acid on high-fat diet induced obesity in C57BL/6 Cr Slc mice. Chem Biol Interact. 2008; 174: 109-117.
33. Khori V NM, Mir - Abbasi A. Ouabaine like effects of ethanolic extract of aerial parts of Urtica dioica L. on isolated rabbit atrioventricular node: potential role as an anti – arrhythmic. J Med Plants 2008; 7: 24-32.
34. Najafi M VH, Zahednezhad F, Samadzadeh M, and Babaei H. Study the effects of hydroalcoholic extract of grape seed (Vitis vinifera) on infarct size and cardiac arrhythmias in ischemic-reperfused isolated rat heart. Pharm Sci. 2011; 16: 187-194.
35.Jang A, Srinivasan P, Lee NY, Song HP, Lee JW, Lee M, et al. Comparison of hypolipidemic activity of synthetic gallic acid-linoleic acid ester with mixture of gallic acid and linoleic acid, gallic acid, and linoleic acid on high-fat diet induced obesity in C57BL/6 Cr Slc mice. Chem Biol Interact. 2008; 174: 109-117.
36. Badavi M, Sadeghi N, Dianat M, Samarbafzadeh A. Effects of gallic Acid and cyclosporine a on antioxidant capacity and cardiac markers of rat isolated heart after ischemia/reperfusion. Iran Red Crescent Med J. 2014; 16. e16424.
37. Dianat M, Sadeghi N, Badavi M, Panahi M, Moghadam MT. Protective effects of co-administration of gallic Acid and cyclosporine on rat myocardial morphology against ischemia/reperfusion. Jundishapur J Nat Pharm Prod. 2014; 9. e17186.
38. Zhao G, Gao H, Qiu J, Lu W, X W. The molecular  mechanism  of  protective  effects of  grape  seed  Proanthocyanidin  extract  on reperfusion arrhythmias in rats in vivo. Biol Pharm Bull. 2010; 33: 759-762.
39. Somova L, Shode F, Mipando M. Cardiotonic and antidysrhythmic effects of oleanolic and ursolic acids, methyl maslinate and uvaol. Phytomedicine. 2004; 11: 121-129.
40. Triesscheijn M, Ruevekamp M, Aalders M, Baas P, Stewart FA. Comparative sensitivity of microvascular endothelial cells, fibroblasts and tumor cells after in vitro photodynamic therapy with meso-tetra-hydroxyphenyl-chlorin. Photochem Photobiol. 2004; 80: 236-241.
41. Kim SH, Jun CD, Suk K, Choi BJ, Lim H, Park S, et al. Gallic acid inhibits histamine release and pro-inflammatory cytokine production in mast cells. Toxicol Sci. 2006;91:123-131.
42. Wang DW, Mistry AM, Kahlig KM, Kearney JA, Xiang J, George AL, Jr. Propranolol blocks cardiac and neuronal voltage-gated sodium channels. Front Pharmacol. 2010; 1:144.
43. Punnam SR, Goyal SK, Kotaru VP, Pachika AR, Abela GS, Thakur RK. Amiodarone - a ‘broad spectrum’ antiarrhythmic drug. Cardiovasc Hematol Disord Drug Targets. 2010; 10: 73-81.
Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
Volume 23, Issue 2
February 2020
Pages 167-172

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics