L-Carnitine potentiates the anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects of diclofenac sodium in an experimentally induced knee osteoarthritis rat model

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom, Menoufia, Egypt

2 Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom, Menoufia, Egypt

Abstract

Objective(s): The aim of the present research is to investigate the efficacy of L-carnitine (LC) as a complementary therapy to diclofenac sodium (Dic) treatment in a mono-iodoacetate (MIA) induced knee osteoarthritis (OA) rat model, with respect to pain relief and the underlying pathology.
Materials and Methods: Fifty adult male albino rats were randomly divided into five groups (n=10): Control, OA, OA/Dic, OA/LC, and OA/Dic+LC. Knee diameter and pain assessment tests were done weekly. After four weeks, serum malondialdehyde, reduced glutathione, interleukin 1-β, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, prostaglandin E2, and bone-specific alkaline phosphatase were measured. The injected knees were removed and processed for the histological and immunohistological study of matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13) and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2). Also, histological examination of dorsal root ganglia and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) expression in the spinal cord were assessed.
Results: Treatment with Dic and/or LC significantly reduced knee swelling, improved pain-related behaviors, inflammatory and oxidative stress markers, attenuated the MIA-mediated histopathological alteration in the knee joint, and down-regulated expression of MMP-13 and COX-2 in the knee joint. It, also, significantly reduced CGRP expression, compared with the OA group. Dic+LC showed a better effect in improving some parameters than each treatment alone.
Conclusion: LC plus Dic is a more effective therapy than Dic alone for OA treatment.

Keywords

References

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Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
Volume 23, Issue 8
August 2020
Pages 1035-1044

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