Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles, graphene, and silver-graphene nanocomposite using Melissa officinalis ethanolic extract: Anticancer effect on MCF-7 cell line

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran

2 Ministry of Science, Research and Technology, Department of Plant Physiology Biology, Sana Higher Education Institute, Mazandaran, Sari, Iran

3 Student Research Committee, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran

4 Soil and Water Research Department, Isfahan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Isfahan, Iran

5 Toxicology and Diseases Group (TDG), Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Objective(s): Nanotechnology has helped a lot in diagnosing and treating multiple illnesses, specifically cancer, and increasing the development of targeted drug delivery methods. Nanocomposites are materials with at least one component smaller than 100 nm. Therefore, this study aims to assess the anticancer effects of silver-graphene nanocomposite on MCF-7. 
Materials and Methods: In this study, the rate of inhibition of cancer cell growth and production of reactive oxygen radicals, malondialdehyde, and glutathione stores in MCF7 cells were investigated. Cancer cells were exposed to nano particles for 48 hr. Silver nanoparticles and graphene both reduced the growth rate of MCF-7. 
Results: Subsequently, by treating the cells with silver-graphene nanocomposite, the rate of inhibition of cell growth at the highest concentration was 84.60%. Nanoparticles also inhibited the growth of cancer cells through the oxidative stress pathway by increasing the amount of intracellular ROS, followed by increasing malondialdehyde and decreasing glutathione stores, so that at the highest combined concentration of nanoparticles, the amounts of LPO and ROS increased  up to 70% and 74 %, and glutathione reserves decreased by 16%. 
Conclusion: Treatment of MCF-7 cells with silver or graphene nanoparticles and combination treatment with these two substances against cisplatin have sound effects, and by affecting oxidative stress factors, such as increased ROS and subsequent increase in lipid membrane damage, inhibit cell growth and proliferation. According to the mathematical model, silver graphene nanocomposite> silver nanoparticles> graphene has the best effect in inhibiting the growth of cancer cells, respectively.

Keywords

References

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Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
Volume 26, Issue 1
January 2023
Pages 57-68

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