The therapeutic effect of melatonin on female offspring ovarian reserve and quality in BALB/C mice after exposing their mother to methamphetamine during pregnancy and lactation

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

2 Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine Department, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

3 Medical Genetics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

4 Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

5 Applied Biomedical Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

Abstract

Objective(s): Nowadays, methamphetamine (METH) abuse as a psychotropic drug is increasing. There is insufficient information about its adverse effects on the ovarian reserve of the next generation. Herein, we tried to investigate the effect of METH abuse during pregnancy and lactation and, subsequently, the therapeutic effect of melatonin on ovarian reserve in offspring.
Materials and Methods: In the present study, BALB/C pregnant female mice were divided into 3 groups: Control, Saline, and METH (5mg/Kg). METH was injected during pregnancy and lactation, and the female offspring of each group was divided into 2 subgroups: A) treated with 10 mg/kg Melatonin daily until puberty (6 weeks old) and B) received distilled water. The animals were sacrificed at 6 weeks of age, and blood samples were collected for hormonal assessments; the right ovaries were removed and fixed for TUNEL and Hematoxylin & Eosin staining, and the left ovaries were removed and stored for gene expression and oxidative stress evaluation.
Results: In the MTEH group, two indicators of ovarian reserve (including anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) and primordial follicle, and Cyclin D1 (CCND-1) and Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen (PCNA) genes expression significantly decreased, and the oxidative stress and apoptosis significantly increased in comparison with other groups. After lactation in the MTEH group, melatonin treatment significantly improved the ovarian reserve and gene expression and declined apoptosis and oxidative stress.
Conclusion: METH abuse during pregnancy and lactation decreased ovarian reserve in offspring. The administration of melatonin as an anti-oxidant agent after lactation can counteract the adverse effects of METH on offspring ovaries.

Keywords

References

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Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
Volume 26, Issue 2
February 2023
Pages 208-215

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