Enhancing dermal collagen density towards youthfulness: A comparative study of PCL, PLLA, and PDO thread implantation in aging rats model

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Master Program in Skin Aging and Aesthetic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Maranatha Christian University, Suria Sumantri 65, Bandung 40164, West Java, Indonesia, 40164

2 Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Maranatha Christian University, Suria Sumantri 65, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia, 40164

3 Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Maranatha Christian University, Suria Sumantri 65, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia, 40164

10.22038/ijbms.2024.80494.17428

Abstract

Objective(s): Both intrinsic and extrinsic factors cause skin aging. Intrinsic aging is characterized by decreased collagen density, particularly collagen types I (COL1A1) and III (COL3A1), and an increase in the COL1/COL3 ratio. Extrinsic aging, primarily due to ultraviolet light exposure, leads to photoaging, which causes collagen fragmentation and reduced production, leading to skin sagging. Thread lifts, a nonsurgical method, aim to tighten the skin and stimulate collagen production using biodegradable monofilament threads such as Polydioxanone (PDO), poly-lactic acid (PLLA), and Polycaprolactone (PCL). This study compared the effectiveness of PDO, PLLA, and PCL threads in reversing aging by enhancing dermal collagen, reducing the COL1/COL3 ratio, and increasing COL3A1 gene expression in UVB-exposed aging model rats.
Materials and Methods: Thirty female Wistar (Rattus norvegicus) rats were divided into six groups, and their back hair was shaved and exposed to 840 mJ/m2 UVB for 4 weeks. Skin biopsy specimens were assessed using Sirius Red staining to determine dermal collagen density and the COL1/COL3 ratio. Furthermore, qRT–PCR was used to examine COL3A1 gene expression.
Results: PDO, PLLA, and PCL threads enhanced skin quality, similar to the young negative control group, based on parameters such as dermal collagen density, COL1/COL3 ratio, and COL3A1 gene expression. PCL thread was more active than PDO and PLLA.
Conclusion: Thread implantation may result in a more youthful collagen profile than negative control and may be used to support skin anti-aging. The most effective thread was PCL compared to PDO and PLLA.

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Main Subjects

References

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Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
Volume 28, Issue 2
February 2025
Pages 151-157

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