Psoriasis: Immunological and genetic blueprints driving pathogenesis and potential for personalized therapies

Document Type : Review Article

Authors

1 Faculty of Pharmacy, Middle East University, Amman, 11831, Jordan

2 College of Pharmacy, Alnoor University, Nineveh, Iraq

3 Ahl Al Bayt University, Kerbala, Iraq

4 Marwadi University Research Center, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Marwadi University, Rajkot-360003, Gujarat, India

5 Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Sciences, JAIN (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, Karnataka, India

6 Centre for Research Impact & Outcome, Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Chitkara University, Rajpura, 140401, Punjab, India

7 Department of Applied Sciences-Chemistry, NIMS Institute of Engineering & Technology, NIMS University Rajasthan, Jaipur, India

8 Department of Chemistry, Chandigarh Engineering College, Chandigarh Group of Colleges-Jhanjeri, Mohali140307, Punjab, India

9 Department of Dermatovenerology, Pediatric Dermatovenerology and AIDS, Tashkent Pediatric Medical Institute, Bogishamol Street 223, Tashkent, 100140, Uzbekistan

10 College of Pharmacy, National University of Science and Technology, Dhi Qar, 64001, Iraq

11 Gilgamesh Ahliya University, Baghdad, Iraq

12 Department of Pharmacy, Al-Zahrawi University College, Karbala, Iraq

13 Pharmacy College, Al-Farahidi University, Iraq

10.22038/ijbms.2025.85335.18442

Abstract

Psoriasis is a long-lasting inflammatory skin condition that impacts millions globally. The occurrence of this disorder differs significantly across various areas, resulting from a complex interplay of genetic and environmental influences. In psoriasis, the pathogenesis represents a complex interaction of innate and adaptive immunity that plays a significant role in the disease manifestation process. Many genetic factors predispose to psoriasis, which is considered a polygenic disease. Several genes concerning pathways like NF-κB and PI3K/Akt that modulate the amplification of inflammatory response and keratinocyte dysregulation have been elaborated in the light of their differential expression, susceptibility loci, and polymorphisms. Such genetic insights could open a whole new avenue for precision medicine in which biomarkers and gene-targeting therapies are promising options for personalized treatment. This review emphasizes the need for complex investigations into psoriasis, from molecular mechanisms to clinical manifestations, to bridge the gap between basic research and therapeutic development by furthering the understanding of psoriasis and paving the way for innovative treatments addressing skin lesions and systemic effects.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

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Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
Volume 28, Issue 6
June 2025
Pages 680-690

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