1. European Society for Human Reproduction and Embryology (ESHRE) Guideline Group on POI; Webber L, Davies M, Anderson R, Bartlett J, Braat D, et al. ESHRE Guideline: Management of women with premature ovarian insufficiency. Hum Reprod 2016; 31: 926-937. 
2. Golezar S, Ramezani Tehrani F, Khazaei S, Ebadi A, Keshavarz Z. The global prevalence of primary ovarian insufficiency and early menopause: A meta-analysis. Climacteric 2019; 22: 403-411.
3. ESHRE, ASRM, CREWHIRL and IMS Guideline Group on POI; Panay N, Anderson RA, Bennie A, Cedars M, Davies M, Ee C, Gravholt CH, Kalantaridou S, Kallen A, Kim KQ, Misrahi M, Mousa A, Nappi RE, Rocca WA, Ruan X, Teede H, Vermeulen N, Vogt E, Vincent AJ. Evidence-based guideline: Premature ovarian insufficiency. Climacteric 2024; 27: 510-520.
4. Ishizuka B. Current understanding of the etiology, symptomatology, and treatment options in premature ovarian insufficiency (POI). Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12: 626924.
5. Aboutalebi H, Vafaei S, Aboutalebi M, Dortaj H, Alipour F, Bideskan AE. Premature ovarian insufficiency restoration after chemotherapy: Current achievements and future prospects on its treatment or management. J Ovarian Res 2025; 18: 171.
6. Donnez J, Dolmans MM. Fertility preservation in women. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2013; 9: 735-749.
7. Jensen AK, Kristensen SG, Macklon KT, Jeppesen JV, Fedder J, Ernst E, et al. Outcomes of transplantations of cryopreserved ovarian tissue to 41 women in Denmark. Hum Reprod 2015; 30: 2838-2345. 
8. Diaz AA, Kubo H, Handa N, Hanna M, Laronda MM. A systematic review of ovarian tissue transplantation outcomes by ovarian tissue processing size for cryopreservation. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13: 918899.
9. Gellert SE, Pors SE, Kristensen SG, Bay-Bjørn AM, Ernst E, Yding Andersen C. Transplantation of frozen-thawed ovarian tissue: an update on worldwide activity published in peer-reviewed papers and on the Danish cohort. J Assist Reprod Genet 2018; 35: 561-570.
10. Rodgers RJ, Irving-Rodgers HF, Russell DL. Extracellular matrix of the developing ovarian follicle. Reproduction 2003; 126: 415-424.
11. Rodgers RJ, van Wezel IL, Irving-Rodgers HF, Lavranos TC, Irvine CM, Krupa M. Roles of extracellular matrix in follicular development. J Reprod Fertil Suppl 1999; 54: 343-352.
12. Kourta D, Kanbar M, Amorim CA, Wyns C. Cancer cell contamination and decontamination methods for ovaries and testes: Special focus on prepubertal gonads with a view to safe fertility restoration. Hum Reprod 2023; 38: 780-798.
13. Luyckx V, Dolmans MM, Vanacker J, Legat C, Fortuño Moya C, Donnez J, et al. A new step toward the artificial ovary: Survival and proliferation of isolated murine follicles after autologous transplantation in a fibrin scaffold. Fertil Steril 2014; 101: 1149-1156.
14. Amorim CA, Shikanov A. The artificial ovary: Current status and future perspectives. Future Oncol 2016; 12: 2323-2332.
15. Kim J, Perez AS, Claflin J, David A, Zhou H, Shikanov A. Synthetic hydrogel supports the function and regeneration of artificial ovarian tissue in mice. NPJ Regen Med 2016; 1: 16010.
16. Laronda MM, Rutz AL, Xiao S, Whelan KA, Duncan FE, Roth EW, et al. A bioprosthetic ovary created using 3D printed microporous scaffolds restores ovarian function in sterilized mice. Nat Commun 2017; 8: 15261.
17. Brunette MA, Rionda MA, Sinko D, Machlin JH, Blevins GM, Leo M, et al. Restoration of ovarian endocrine function with encapsulated immune-isolated human ovarian xenograft in ovariectomized mice. Sci Adv 2026; 12: eadx6348.
18. Day JR, David A, Barbosa MGM, Brunette MA, Cascalho M, Shikanov A. Encapsulation of ovarian allograft precludes immune rejection and promotes restoration of endocrine function in immune-competent ovariectomized mice. Sci Rep 2019; 9: 16614.
19. Dadashzadeh A, Moghassemi S, Shavandi A, Amorim CA. A review on biomaterials for ovarian tissue engineering. Acta Biomater. 2021; 135: 48-63.
20. Wang H, Yang L. Ovarian mechanobiology: Understanding the interplay between mechanics and follicular development. Cells 2025; 14: 355.
21. Grosbois J, Srsen V, Muñoz Grande A, Picton HM, Telfer EE. Reproductive seasonality influences follicle dynamics and the ovarian extracellular matrix structural properties in ewes. Reproduction 2025; 169: e250010.
22. Félix EDS, Silva JRV. Characteristics of collagen in ovarian extracellular matrix and its relationship with the development of primordial follicles up to ovulation. Anim Reprod Sci 2025; 283: 108029.
23. Hummitzsch K, Irving-Rodgers HF, Hatzirodos N, Bonner W, Sabatier L, Reinhardt DP, et al. A new model of development of the mammalian ovary and follicles. PLoS One 2013; 8: e55578.
24. Berkholtz CB, Shea LD, Woodruff TK. Extracellular matrix functions in follicle maturation. Semin Reprod Med 2006; 24: 262-269.
25. Wood CD, Vijayvergia M, Miller FH, Carroll T, Fasanati C, Shea LD, et al. Multi-modal magnetic resonance elastography for noninvasive assessment of ovarian tissue rigidity in vivo. Acta Biomater 2015; 13: 295-300.
26. Yang C, Yoo HS. Biomaterials for reproductive restoration: Translating engineering innovations. Biomater Res 2026; 30: 0307.
27. Dutta S, Sen S. Preparation and characterization of collagen-hyaluronic acid (Col-HA) matrices: In vitro mimics of the tumor microenvironment. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2747: 131-139.
28. Alcaide D, Alric B, Cacheux J, Nakano S, Doi K, Shinohara M, et al. Laminin and hyaluronan supplementation of collagen hydrogels enhances endothelial function and tight junction expression on three-dimensional cylindrical microvessel-on-a-chip. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 724: 150234.
29. Wan HY, Chen JCH, Xiao Q, Wong CW, Yang B, Cao B, et al. Stabilization and improved functionality of three-dimensional perfusable microvascular networks in microfluidic devices under macromolecular crowding. Biomater Res 2023; 27: 32.
30. Xu P, Kankala RK, Wang S, Chen A. Decellularized extracellular matrix-based composite scaffolds for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Regen Biomater 2023; 11: rbad107.
31. Shiva S, Asuwin Prabu RG, Bajaj G, John AE, Chandran S, Kumar VV, et al. A review on the recent applications of synthetic biopolymers in 3D printing for biomedical applications. J Mater Sci Mater Med 2023; 34: 62.
32. Sharma A, Puri V, Huanbutta K, Sangnim T. The role of 3D printing in regenerative medicine: A game-changer in tissue engineering. Int J Mol Sci 2026; 27: 2589.
33. Chiti MC, Vanacker J, Ouni E, Tatic N, Viswanath A, des Rieux A, et al. Ovarian extracellular matrix-based hydrogel for human ovarian follicle survival in vivo: A pilot work. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2022; 110: 1012-1022.
34. Liu X, Wu K, Gao L, Wang L, Shi X. Biomaterial strategies for the application of reproductive tissue engineering. Bioactive Materials 2022; 14: 86-96.
35. Tamadon A, Park KH, Kim YY, Kang BC, Ku SY. Efficient biomaterials for tissue engineering of female reproductive organs. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2016; 13: 447-454.
36. Zhang S, Zhu D, Mei X, Li Z, Li J, Xie M, et al. Advances in biomaterials and regenerative medicine for primary ovarian insufficiency therapy. Bioact Mater 2020; 6: 1957-1972.
37. Pangas SA, Saudye H, Shea LD, Woodruff TK. Novel approach for the three-dimensional culture of granulosa cell-oocyte complexes. Tissue Eng 2003; 9: 1013-1021.
38. West ER, Xu M, Woodruff TK, Shea LD. Physical properties of alginate hydrogels and their effects on in vitro follicle development. Biomaterials 2007; 28: 4439-4448.
39. Brito IR, Lima IM, Xu M, Shea LD, Woodruff TK, Figueiredo JR. Three-dimensional systems for in vitro follicular culture: Overview of alginate-based matrices. Reprod Fertil Dev 2014; 26: 915-930.
40. Xu M, Kreeger PK, Shea LD, Woodruff TK. Tissue-engineered follicles produce live, fertile offspring. Tissue Eng 2006; 12: 2739-2746.
41. Francés-Herrero E, Lopez R, Campo H, de Miguel-Gómez L, Rodríguez-Eguren A, Faus A, et al. Advances of xenogeneic ovarian extracellular matrix hydrogels for in vitro follicle development and oocyte maturation. Biomater Adv 2023; 151: 213480.
42. Tavana S, Azarnia M, Valojerdi MR, Shahverdi A. Hyaluronic acid-based hydrogel scaffold without angiogenic growth factors enhances ovarian tissue function after autotransplantation in rats. Biomed Mater 2016; 11: 055006.
43. Chiti MC, Dolmans MM, Donnez J, Amorim CA. Fibrin in reproductive tissue engineering: A review on its application as a biomaterial for fertility preservation. Ann Biomed Eng 2017; 45: 1650-1663.
44. Luyckx V, Dolmans MM, Vanacker J, Scalercio SR, Donnez J, Amorim CA. First step in developing a 3D biodegradable fibrin scaffold for an artificial ovary. J Ovarian Res 2013; 6: 83.
45. Nguyen TP, Nguyen QV, Nguyen VH, Le TH, Huynh VQN, Vo DN, et al. Silk fibroin-based biomaterials for biomedical applications: A review. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11: 1933.
46. Xiang D, Zhou E, Wang M, Wang K, Zhou S, Ma Q, et al. Artificial ovaries constructed from biodegradable chitin-based hydrogels with the ability to restore ovarian endocrine function and alleviate osteoporosis in ovariectomized mice. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2023; 21: 49.
47. Sun W, Shahrajabian MH, Ma K, Wang S. Advances in molecular function and recombinant expression of human collagen. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2025; 18: 430.
48. Tajbakhsh F, Ashtiani MK, Tavana S, Moini A, Fathi R. Comparison between wharton’s jelly and collagen natural hydrogels for human ovarian follicle transplantation as an artificial ovary. PLoS One 2025; 20: e0329690.
49. Xu M, West E, Shea LD, Woodruff TK. Identification of a stage-specific permissive in vitro culture environment for follicle growth and oocyte development. Biol Reprod 2006; 75: 916-923. 
50. Kreeger PK, Fernandes NN, Woodruff TK, Shea LD. Regulation of mouse follicle development by follicle-stimulating hormone in a three-dimensional in vitro culture system is dependent on follicle stage and dose. Biol Reprod 2005; 73: 942-950.
51. West ER, Shea LD, Woodruff TK. Engineering the follicle microenvironment. Semin Reprod Med 2007; 25: 287-299.
52. Shikanov A, Xu M, Woodruff TK, Shea LD. A method for ovarian follicle encapsulation and culture in a proteolytically degradable 3 dimensional system. J Vis Exp 2011; 49: 2695.
53. Xu M, West-Farrell ER, Stouffer RL, Shea LD, Woodruff TK, Zelinski MB. Encapsulated three-dimensional culture supports development of nonhuman primate secondary follicles. Biol Reprod 2009; 81: 587-594.
54. Xu M, Barrett SL, West-Farrell E, Kondapalli LA, Kiesewetter SE, Shea LD, et al. In vitro grown human ovarian follicles from cancer patients support oocyte growth. Hum Reprod 2009; 24: 2531-2540.
55. Xu M, Banc A, Woodruff TK, Shea LD. Secondary follicle growth and oocyte maturation by culture in alginate hydrogel following cryopreservation of the ovary or individual follicles. Biotechnol Bioeng 2009; 103: 378-386.
56. Vanacker J, Amorim CA. Alginate: A versatile biomaterial to encapsulate isolated ovarian follicles. Ann Biomed Eng 2017; 45: 1633-1649.
57. Jamnezhad S, Asefnejad A, Motififard M, Yazdekhasti H, Kolooshani A, Saber-Samandari S, et al. Development and investigation of novel alginate-hyaluronic acid bone fillers using freeze drying technique for orthopedic field. Nanomed Res J 2020; 5: 306-315.
58. Foroutan S, Hashemian M, Khosravi M, Ghadiri Nejad M, Asefnejad A, Saber-Samandari S, et al. A porous sodium alginate-CaSiO3 polymer reinforced with graphene nanosheet: Fabrication and optimality analysis. Fibers Polym 2021; 22: 540-549.
59. Jamalzaei P, Valojerdi MR, Montazeri L, Baharvand H. Effects of alginate concentration and ovarian cells on in vitro development of mouse preantral follicles: A factorial study. Int J Fertil Steril 2020; 13: 330-338.
60. Telfer EE, Grosbois J, Odey YL, Rosario R, Anderson RA. Making a good egg: Human oocyte health, aging, and in vitro development. Physiol Rev 2023; 103: 2623-2677.
61. Shikanov A, Xu M, Woodruff TK, Shea LD. Interpenetrating fibrin-alginate matrices for in vitro ovarian follicle development. Biomaterials 2009; 30: 5476-8545.
62. Shikanov A, Smith RM, Xu M, Woodruff TK, Shea LD. Hydrogel network design using multifunctional macromers to coordinate tissue maturation in ovarian follicle culture. Biomaterials 2011; 32: 2524-2531.
63. Smitz J, Dolmans MM, Donnez J, Fortune JE, Hovatta O, Jewgenow K, et al. Current achievements and future research directions in ovarian tissue culture, in vitro follicle development and transplantation: implications for fertility preservation. Hum Reprod Update 2010; 16: 395-414.
64. Hsu CE, Mazza M, Perini G, Minopoli A, Ferrara V, Perfili C, et al. Engineering ovarian tissue via biofabrication and 3D bioprinting: Challenges and emerging perspectives. Bioeng Transl Med 2025; 11: e70088.
65. Zhao G, Yan G, Cheng J, Zhou X, Fang T, Sun H, et al. Hyaluronic acid prevents immunosuppressive drug-induced ovarian damage via up-regulating PGRMC1 expression. Sci Rep 2015; 5: 7647.
66. Wen Q, Zhao L, Wang T, Bao M, Ling Y, Qian S, et al. Protective effect of a novel hydrogel loaded with CM-UCMSCs on vitrified-thawed ovaries during in vitro culture. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2026; 14: 1763994.
67. Di Berardino C, Liverani L, Boccaccini AR, Rojo-Fleming CC, Sacchetti G, Peserico A, et al. Scaffold-based biomaterials in ovarian tissue engineering. RSC Adv 2026; 16: 11530-11542.
68. Cao M, Todorov P, Pei C, Rahimi G, Skala C, Isachenko V. Biomimetic fibrin matrix modulates early human follicular growth dynamics in a bioengineered artificial ovary derived from cryopreserved tissue: In vitro morphometric assessment. Int J Mol Sci 2026; 27: 3799.
69. Vasse J, Fiscus J, Fraison E, Salle B, David L, Labrune E. Biomechanical properties of ovarian tissue and their impact on the activation of follicular growth: A narrative review. Reprod Biomed Online 2025; 50: 104450.
70. Soares M, Sahrari K, Chiti MC, Amorim CA, Ambroise J, Donnez J, et al. The best source of isolated stromal cells for the artificial ovary: Medulla or cortex, cryopreserved or fresh? Hum Reprod 2015; 30: 1589-1598.
71. Manavella DD, Cacciottola L, Desmet CM, Jordan BF, Donnez J, Amorim CA, et al. Adipose tissue-derived stem cells in a fibrin implant enhance neovascularization in a peritoneal grafting site: A potential way to improve ovarian tissue transplantation. Hum Reprod 2018; 33: 270-279.
72. Manavella DD, Cacciottola L, Pommé S, Desmet CM, et al. Two-step transplantation with adipose tissue-derived stem cells increases follicle survival by enhancing vascularization in xenografted frozen-thawed human ovarian tissue. Hum Reprod 2018; 33: 1107-1116.
73. Paulini F, Vilela JM, Chiti MC, Donnez J, Jadoul P, Dolmans MM, et al. Survival and growth of human preantral follicles after cryopreservation of ovarian tissue, follicle isolation and short-term xenografting. Reprod Biomed Online 2016; 33: 425-432.
74. Dolmans MM, Martinez-Madrid B, Gadisseux E, Guiot Y, Yuan WY, Torre A, et al. Short-term transplantation of isolated human ovarian follicles and cortical tissue into nude mice. Reproduction 2007; 134: 253-262.
75. Man L, Lustgarten Guahmich N, Kallinos E, Park L, Bodine R, Zaninovic N, et al. Xenograft model of heterotopic transplantation of human ovarian cortical tissue and its clinical relevance. Reproduction 2022; 165: 31-47.
76. Sirayapiwat P, Amorim CA, Sereepapong W, Tuntiviriyapun P, Suebthawinkul C, Thuwanut P. Application of fibrin-based biomaterial for human ovarian tissue encapsulation and cryopreservation as alternative approach for fertility preservation. Cryobiology 2024; 117: 104955.
77. Jafari H, Dadashzadeh A, Moghassemi S, Zahedi P, Amorim CA, Shavandi A. Ovarian cell encapsulation in an enzymatically crosslinked silk-based hydrogel with tunable mechanical properties. Gels 2021; 7: 138.
78. Wu J, Cortes KAF, Li C, Wang Y, Guo C, Momenzadeh K, et al. Tuning the biodegradation rate of silk materials via embedded enzymes. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2024; 10: 2607-2615.
79. Mawazi SM, Kumar M, Ahmad N, Ge Y, Mahmood S. Recent applications of chitosan and its derivatives in antibacterial, anticancer, wound healing, and tissue engineering fields. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16: 1351.
80. Parra JPRLL, Abuna RPF, Miglino MA, Arantes LB, Laurindo LF, Damous LL, et al. Artificial ovaries and the future of women’s health: Shaping novel functions. Transl Res 2026; 291: 51-68.
81. Vakili N, Asefnejad A, Mohammadi M, Rezaei H, Khandan A. Improving physicochemical, mechanical, and biological properties of a porous polyvinyl alcohol/chitosan matrix via modification with magnesium and silicon agents. Nanomed J 2025; 12: 507-517. 
82. Raisi A, Asefnejad A, Shahali M, Sadat Kazerouni ZA, Kolooshani A, Saber-Samandari S, et al. Preparation, characterization, and antibacterial studies of N, O-carboxymethyl chitosan as a wound dressing for bedsore application. Arch Trauma Res 2020; 9: 181-188.
83. Liang H, Mirinejad MS, Asefnejad A, Baharifar H, Li X, Saber-Samandari S, et al. Fabrication of tragacanthin gum-carboxymethyl chitosan bio-nanocomposite wound dressing with silver-titanium nanoparticles using freeze-drying method. Mater Chem Phys 2022; 279: 125770.
84. Di Berardino C, Peserico A, Camerano Spelta Rapini C, Liverani L, Capacchietti G, Russo V, et al. Bioengineered 3D ovarian model for long-term multiple development of preantral follicle: bridging the gap for poly(ε-caprolactone)(PCL)-based scaffold reproductive applications. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2024; 22: 95.
85. Day JR, David A, Kim J, Farkash EA, Cascalho M, Milašinović N, et al. The impact of functional groups of poly(ethylene glycol) macromers on the physical properties of photo-polymerized hydrogels and the local inflammatory response in the host. Acta Biomater 2018; 67: 42-52.
86. Makadia HK, Siegel SJ. Poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) as biodegradable controlled drug delivery carrier. Polymers (Basel) 2011; 3: 1377-1397.
87. Nazarnezhad S, Baino F, Kim HW, Webster TJ, Kargozar S. Electrospun nanofibers for improved angiogenesis: promises for tissue engineering applications. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2020; 10: 1609.
88. Kuchakzadeh F, Ai J, Ebrahimi-Barough S. Tissue engineering and stem cell-based therapeutic strategies for premature ovarian insufficiency. Regen Ther 2023; 25: 10-23.
89. John AP, Santoro S, Curcio E, Argurio P, Chidichimo F, Straface S, et al. Modified polycaprolactone films for temporary protection in saline conditions: A preliminary assessment. Polymers (Basel) 2025; 18: 60.
90. Friend NE, McCoy AJ, Stegemann JP, Putnam AJ. A combination of matrix stiffness and degradability dictate microvascular network assembly and remodeling in cell-laden poly (ethylene glycol) hydrogels. Biomaterials 2023; 295: 122050.
91. Ahn JI, Kim GA, Kwon HS, Ahn JY, Hubbell JA, Song YS, et al. Culture of preantral follicles in poly(ethylene) glycol-based, three-dimensional hydrogel: A relationship between swelling ratio and follicular developments. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2015; 9: 319-23.
92. Matsushige C, Xu X, Miyagi M, Zuo YY, Yamazaki Y. RGD-modified dextran hydrogel promotes follicle growth in three-dimensional ovarian tissue culture in mice. Theriogenology 2022; 183: 120-131.
93. Shi D, Beasock D, Fessler A, Szebeni J, Ljubimova JY, Afonin KA, et al. To PEGylate or not to PEGylate: Immunological properties of nanomedicine’s most popular component, polyethylene glycol and its alternatives. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 180: 114079.
94. Brunette MA, Kinnear HM, Hashim PH, Flanagan CL, Day JR, Cascalho M, et al. Human ovarian follicles xenografted in immunoisolating capsules survive long term implantation in mice. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13: 886678.
95. Yang J, Zeng H, Luo Y, Chen Y, Wang M, Wu C, Hu P. Recent applications of PLGA in drug delivery systems. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16: 2606.
96. Meng C. Electrospinning PLLA/PCL blend fibre-based materials and their biomedical application: a mini review. Polymers (Basel) 2025; 17: 2802.
97. Yüksek M, Akalin M, Sancak E, Işgören E, Atak O, Saltik Çirkin D, et al. Silk fiber-based composite nanofiber tissue scaffold produced with electrospinning method. Turk J Chem 2021; 45: 1997-2006.
98. Chen XY, Chen WL, Ma M, Gu C, Xiao XR, Li B. The potential of follicle-stimulating hormone peptide-modified triptolide-loaded nanoparticles to induce a mouse model of premature ovarian insufficiency. Int J Nanomedicine 2015; 10: 2765-2774.
99. Xing H, Lee H, Luo L, Kyriakides TR. Extracellular matrix-derived biomaterials in engineering cell function. Biotechnol Adv 2020; 42: 107421.
100. Vanacker J, Luyckx V, Dolmans M-M, Des Rieux A, Jaeger J, Van Langendonckt A, et al. Transplantation of an alginate–matrigel matrix containing isolated ovarian cells: First step in developing a biodegradable scaffold to transplant isolated preantral follicles and ovarian cells. Biomaterials 2012; 33: 6079-6085.
101. Motamed M, Sadr Z, Valojerdi MR, Moini A, Oryan S, Totonchi M, et al. Tissue engineered human amniotic membrane application in mouse ovarian follicular culture. Ann Biomed Eng 2017; 45: 1664-1675.
102. Cui X, Jing X. Stem cell-based therapeutic potential in female ovarian aging and infertility. J Ovarian Res 2024; 17: 171.
103. Nikniaz H, Zandieh Z, Nouri M, Daei-Farshbaf N, Aflatoonian R, Gholipourmalekabadi M, et al. Comparing various protocols of human and bovine ovarian tissue decellularization to prepare extracellular matrix-alginate scaffold for better follicle development in vitro. BMC Biotechnol 2021; 21: 8.
104. Narayana S, Nasrine A, Gulzar Ahmed M, Sultana R, Jaswanth Gowda BH, Surya S, et al. Potential benefits of using chitosan and silk fibroin topical hydrogel for managing wound healing and coagulation. Saudi Pharm J 2023; 31: 462-471.
105. León-Félix CM, Ouni E, Herinckx G, Vertommen D, Amorim CA, Lucci CM. Decellularized extracellular matrix from bovine ovarian tissue maintains the protein composition of the native matrisome. J Proteomics 2025; 311: 105347.
106. Hassanpour A, Talaei-Khozani T, Kargar-Abarghouei E, Razban V, Vojdani Z. Decellularized human ovarian scaffold based on a sodium lauryl ester sulfate (SLES)-treated protocol, as a natural three-dimensional scaffold for construction of bioengineered ovaries. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9: 252.
107. Pors SE, Ramløse M, Nikiforov D, Lundsgaard K, Cheng J, Yding Andersen C, et al. Initial steps in reconstruction of the human ovary: Survival of pre-antral stage follicles in a decellularized human ovarian scaffold. Hum Reprod 2019; 34: 1523-1535.
108. Almeida GHDR, da Silva-Júnior LN, Gibin MS, Dos Santos H, de Oliveira Horvath-Pereira B, Pinho LBM, et al. Perfusion and ultrasonication produce a decellularized porcine whole-ovary scaffold with a preserved microarchitecture. Cells 2023; 12: 1864.
109. Hosseinpour F, Zeinolabedini Hezave A, Talaei-Khozani T, Rastgou-Maeini M, Hassanpour-Dehnavi A. Preparation and characterization of human decellularized ovarian scaffold based on supercritical carbon dioxide protocol. Biomed Eng Online 2025; 24: 59.
110. Wu T, Huang KC, Yan JF, Zhang JJ, Wang SX. Extracellular matrix-derived scaffolds in constructing artificial ovaries for ovarian failure: A systematic methodological review. Hum Reprod Open 2023; 2023: hoad014.
111. S E Pors, M Ramløse, D Nikiforov, K Lundsgaard, J Cheng, C Yding Andersen, et al. Initial steps in reconstruction of the human ovary: Survival of pre-antral stage follicles in a decellularized human ovarian scaffold. Hum Reprod 2019; 34: 1523–1535.
112. Iranmanesh P, Ehsani A, Khademi A, Asefnejad A, Shahriari S, Soleimani M, et al. Application of 3D bioprinters for dental pulp regeneration and tissue engineering (porous architecture). Transp Porous Med 2022; 142: 265-293.
113. Laronda MM, Jakus AE, Whelan KA, Wertheim JA, Shah RN, Woodruff TK. Initiation of puberty in mice following decellularized ovary transplant. Biomaterials 2015; 50: 20-29.
114. Wu T, Gao YY, Su J, Tang XN, Chen Q, Ma LW, et al. Three-dimensional bioprinting of artificial ovaries by an extrusion-based method using gelatin-methacryloyl bioink. Climacteric 2022; 25: 170-178.
115. Del Valle JS, Chuva de Sousa Lopes SM. Bioengineered 3D ovarian models as paramount technology for female health management and reproduction. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10: 832.
116. Nair R, Kasturi M, Mathur V, Seetharam RN, S Vasanthan K. Strategies for developing 3D printed ovarian model for restoring fertility. Clin Transl Sci 2024; 17: e13863.
117. Cao M, Todorov P, Rahimi G, Salama M, Woodruff TK, Isachenko E, et al. Construction and bioengineering of human bioprosthetic ovaries from cryopreserved ovarian tissue. Int J Mol Sci 2025; 26: 5545.
118. Zulkifli MZA, Nordin D, Shaari N, Kamarudin SK. Overview of electrospinning for tissue engineering applications. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15: 2418.
119. Cho E, Kim YY, Noh K, Ku SY. A new possibility in fertility preservation: The artificial ovary. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2019; 13: 1294-1315.
120. McDowell HB, McElhinney KL, Tsui EL, Laronda MM. Generation of tailored extracellular matrix hydrogels for the study of in vitro folliculogenesis in response to matrisome-dependent biochemical cues. Bioengineering (Basel) 2024; 11: 543.
121. Chiti MC, Dolmans MM, Orellana R, Soares M, Paulini F, Donnez J, et al. Influence of follicle stage on artificial ovary outcome using fibrin as a matrix. Hum Reprod 2016; 31: 427-435. 
122. Kreeger PK, Deck JW, Woodruff TK, Shea LD. The in vitro regulation of ovarian follicle development using alginate-extracellular matrix gels. Biomaterials 2006; 27: 714-723.
123. Cathelain A, Keller L, Collinet P, Kerbage Y, d’Orazio E, Piver P, et al. Folliculogenesis resumption after ovarian cortex transplantation: what is the earliest hormonal indicator? Arch Gynecol Obstet 2024; 310: 3209-3218.
124. O’Connell CD, Dalton PD, Hutmacher DW. Why bioprinting in regenerative medicine should adopt a rational technology readiness assessment. Trends Biotechnol 2024; 42: 1218-1229.
125. Kouchakzadeh F, Ebrahimi-Barough S, Aflatoonian B, Ai J, Mazaheri F, Montazeri F, et al. Therapeutic potential of endometrial stem cells encapsulated in alginate/gelatin hydrogel to treat of polycystic ovary syndrome. Regen Ther 2024; 26: 693-707.
126. Dolmans MM, Yuan WY, Camboni A, Torre A, Van Langendonckt A, Martinez-Madrid B, et al. Development of antral follicles after xenografting of isolated small human preantral follicles. Reprod Biomed Online 2008; 16: 705-711.
127. Lee S, Ozkavukcu S, Ku SY. Current and future perspectives for improving ovarian tissue cryopreservation and transplantation outcomes for cancer patients. Reprod Sci 2021; 28: 1746-1758.
128. Khattak H, Malhas R, Craciunas L, Afifi Y, Amorim CA, Fishel S, et al. Fresh and cryopreserved ovarian tissue transplantation for preserving reproductive and endocrine function: A systematic review and individual patient data meta-analysis. Hum Reprod Update 2022; 28: 400-416.
129. Novosel EC, Kleinhans C, Kluger PJ. Vascularization is the key challenge in tissue engineering. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2011; 63: 300-311.
130. Kim A, Downer MA, Berry CE, Valencia C, Fazilat AZ, Griffin M. Investigating immunomodulatory biomaterials for preventing the foreign body response. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10: 1411. 
131. Amani H, Alipour M, Shahriari E, Taboas JM. Immunomodulatory biomaterials: Tailoring surface properties to mitigate foreign body reaction and enhance tissue regeneration. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13: e2401253.
132. Li K, He Y, Jin X, Jin K, Qian J. Reproducible extracellular matrices for tumor organoid culture: Challenges and opportunities. J Transl Med 2025; 23: 497.
133. Hasanzadeh R, Azdast T, Mojaver M, Darvishi MM, Park CB. Cost-effective and reproducible technologies for fabrication of tissue engineered scaffolds: The state-of-the-art and future perspectives. Polymer 2022; 244: 124681.
134. Pan M, Chen H, Deng K, Xiao K. Organ-on-a-chip models of the female reproductive system: Current progress and future perspectives. Micromachines (Basel) 2025; 16: 1125. 
135. Phan TV, Pimpakan T, Suwanchaikasem P, Phoolcharoen W, Kesdangsakonwut S, Tummaruk P, et al. Decellularized matrix-hyaluronic acid-alginate hybrid hydrogels to enable a multi-layered full-thickness oral mucosa-on-a-chip. J Dent 2025; 163: 106115.
136. Barajaa MA, Ghosh D, Laurencin CT. Decellularized extracellular matrix-derived hydrogels: A powerful class of biomaterials for skeletal muscle regenerative engineering applications. Regen Eng Transl Med 2025; 11: 39-63.
137. Malo C, Oliván S, Ochoa I, Shikanov A. In vitro growth of human follicles: Current and future perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25: 1510.
138. Laronda MM, Duncan FE, Hornick JE, Xu M, Pahnke JE, Whelan KA, et al. Alginate encapsulation supports the growth and differentiation of human primordial follicles within ovarian cortical tissue. J Assist Reprod Genet 2014; 31: 1013-1028.
139. Abdel-Mohsen AM, Abdel-Rahman RM, Skotnicova K. Recent advances and applications of chitin and chitosan hydrogel scaffolds in tissue engineering. Gels 2026; 12: 427.
140. Mahalmani V, Sinha S, Prakash A, Medhi B. Translational research: Bridging the gap between preclinical and clinical research. Indian J Pharmacol 2022; 54: 393-396.
141. Zisiadi A, Billooye K, Anckaert E. A matrix-free 3D in vitro follicle culture system in mice exhibits enhanced oocyte meiotic and developmental competence compared to hydrogel encapsulation. Mol Hum Reprod 2025; 31: gaaf029.