Modification of flow and compressibility of corn starch using quasi-emulsion solvent diffusion method

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Nanotechnology Research Center and School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran

Abstract

Objective(s):The aim of this study was to improve flowability and compressibility characteristics of starch to use as a suitable excipient in direct compression tabletting. Quasi-emulsion solvent diffusion was used as a crystal modification method.
Materials and Methods: Corn starch was dissolved in hydrochloric acid at 80˚C and then ethanol as a non-solvent was added with lowering temperature until the formation of a precipitate of modified starch. Flow parameters, particle size and thermal behavior of the treated powders were compared with the native starch. Finally, the 1:1 mixture of naproxen and each excipient was tabletted, and hardness and friability of different tablets were evaluated.
Results: Larger and well shaped agglomerates were formed which showed different thermal behavior. Treated starch exhibited suitable flow properties and tablets made by the treated powder had relatively high hardness.
Conclusion:  It was found that recrystallization of corn starch by quasi emulsion solvent diffusion method could improve its flowability and compressibility characteristics.

Keywords

References

1. Gonnissen Y, Remon JP, Vervaet C. Development of directly compressible powders via co-spray drying. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2007; 67:220-226.
2. Kawashima Y, Imai M, Takeuchi H, Yamamoto H, Kamiya H, Hino T. Improved flowability and compactibility of spherically agglomerated crystals of ascorbic acid for direct tableting designed by spherical crystallization process. Powder Technol 2003; 130:283-289.
3. Teychenne S, Sicre N, Biscans B. Is spherical crystallization without additives possible? Chem Eng Res Des 2010; 88:1631-1638.
4. Krishna EH, Gupta VRM, Krishna M, Jyothi S, Dasari R. Preparation and evaluation of sodium CMC zaltoprofen spherical agglomerates for direct compression. J Pharm Res 2013; 6:61-67.
5. Kawashima Y, Handa T, Takeuchi H, Okumura M, Katou H, Nagata O. Crystal modification of phenytoin with polyethylene glycol for improving mechanical strength, dissolution rate and bioavailability by a spherical crystallization technique. Chem Pharm Bull 1986; 34:3376-3383.
6. Kaul D, Nguyen NT, Venkataram S. Crystal habit modifications and altered tabletting characteristics. Int J Pharm 1992; 88:345-350.
7. Alebiowu G, Itiola OA. Compressional characteristics of native and pregelatinized forms of sorghum, plantain, and corn starches and the mechanical properties of their tablets. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2002; 28:663-672.
8. Ahmad MZ, Akhtar S, Anwar M, Rahman M, Siddiqui MA, Ahmad FJ. Compactibility and compressibility studies of Assam Bora rice starch. Powder Technol 2012; 224:281-286.
9. Pifferi G, Santoro P, Pedrani M. Quality and functionality of excipients. Farmaco 1999; 54:1-14.
10. Odeku OA, Schmid W, Picker-Freyer KM. Material and tablet properties of pregelatinized (thermally modified) Dioscorea starches. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2008; 70:357-371.
11. Gohil UC, Podczeck F, Turnbull N. Investigations into the use of pregelatinised starch to develop powder-filled hard capsules. Int J Pharm 2004; 285:51-63.
12. Jivraj II, Martini LG, Thomson CM. An overview of the different excipients useful for the direct compression of tablets. PSTT 2000; 3:58-63.
13. Schussele A, Bauer-Brandl A. Note on the measurement of flowability according to European pharmacopoeia. Int J Pharm 2003; 257:301-304.
14. Maghsoodi M, Taghizadeh O, Martin GP, Nokhodchi A. Particle design of naproxen-disintegrant agglomerates for direct compression by a crystallo-co-agglomeration technique. Int J Pharm 2008; 351:45-54.
15. Carr RL. Evaluating flow properties of solids Chem Eng 1965; 72:163–168.
16. Malumba P, Massaux C, Deroanne C, Masimango T, Bera F. Influence of drying temperature on functional properties of wet-milled starch granules. Carbohyd Polym 2009; 75:299-306.
17. Veregin RP, Fyfe CA, Marchessault RH, Taylor MG. Characterization of the crystalline A and B starch polymorphs and investigation of starch crystallization by high-resolution 13C CP/MAS NMR. Macromolecules 1986; 19:1030-1034.
18. Atichokudomchai N, Varavinit S. Characterization and utilization of acid-modified cross-linked Tapioca starch in pharmaceutical tablets. Carbohyd Polym 2003; 53:263-270.
19. Wang YJ, Truong VD, Wang L. Structures and rheological properties of corn starch as affected by acid
hydrolysis. Carbohyd Polym 2003; 52:327-333.
20. Lacerda LG, da Silva Carvalho Filho MA, Demiate IM, Bannach G, Ionashiro M, Schnitzler E. Thermal behaviour of corn starch granules under action of fungal α-amylase. J Therm Anal Calorim 2008; 93:445-449.
21. Liu H, Yu L, Simon G, Dean K, Chen L. Effects of annealing on gelatinization and microstructures of corn starches with different amylose/amylopectin ratios. Carbohyd Polym 2009; 77:662-669.
22. Simoes RD, Rodriguez-Perez MA, de Saja JA, Constantino CJL. Thermomechanical characterization of PVDF and P (VDF-TrFE) blends containing corn starch and natural rubber. J Therm Anal Calorim 2010; 99:621-629.
23. Hauschild K, Picker KM. Evaluation of a new coprocessed compound based on lactose and maize starch for tablet formulation. AAPS Pharm Sci 2004; 6:27-38.
24. Nokhodchi A, Maghsoodi M, Hassan-Zadeh D, Barzegar-Jalali M. Preparation of agglomerated crystals for improving flowability and compactibility of poorly flowable and compactible drugs and excipients. Powder Technol 2007; 175:73-81.
25. Amaro-Gonzalez D, Biscans B. Spherical agglomeration during crystallization of an active pharmaceutical ingredient. Powder Technol 2002; 128:188-194.
26. Barot BS, Parejiya PB, Patel TM, Parikh RK, Gohel MC. Compactibility improvement of metformin hydrochloride by crystallization technique. Adv Powder Technol 2012; 23:814-823.
27. Katta J, Rasmuson AC. Spherical crystallization of benzoic acid. Int J Pharm 2008; 348:61-69. 
28. Yang J, Sliva A, Banerjee A, Dave RN, Pfeffer R. Dry particle coating for improving the flowability of cohesive powders. Powder Technol 2005; 158:21-33.
29. Shogren RL. Effect of moisture content on the melting and subsequent physical aging of cornstarch. Carbohyd Polym 1992; 19:83-90.
30. Le Bail P, Morin FG, Marchessault RH. Characterization of a crosslinked high amylose starch excipient. Int J Biol Macromol 1999; 26:193-200.
Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
Volume 17, Issue 8 - Serial Number 8
August 2014
Pages 553-559

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics