Antiviral Activity of Obtained Extracts from Different Parts of Cupressus sempervirens against Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

2 Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacological Research Centre of Medicinal Plants, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

3 Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran

4 Department of Microbiology, Quaem Medical Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

Abstract

Objective(s)
The aim of this study was to search for new antiviral agents from herbal medicines. Ethanol extracts of C. semipervirens, C. semipervirens var. horizontalis and C. semipervirens cv. Cereiformis were used in experiments to test their influence on herpes viruses (HSV-1).
Materials and Methods
HeLa cells monolayers were infected with herpes viruses (HSV-1). Antiviral activity of the plant extracts assessed using Hematoxylin & Eosin method and observed under a light microscope. All tests were compared with a positive control, acyclovir.
Results
Results showed that all three plants have antiviral activity against HSV-1 virus. The most active extract was the obtained extract from C. semipervirens. Among the different parts of this medicinal plant tested, the fruit’s extract appeared to possess the strongest anti- HSV activity.
Conclusion
In conclusion, of the extracts tested in this survey all showed significant antiviral potency.

Keywords

References

1.Chattopadhyay D,Naik TN.Antivirals of ethnomedicinal origin:structureactivity relantionship and scope. Mini Rev Med Chem 2007; 7: 275-301.
2.Vanden DA, Vlietinck AJ, Van Hoof DL. Plant products as Potential antiviral agents. Bull Inst Pasteur 1986; 84:101-147.
3.De Clercq E. Antiviral agents: characteristic activity spectrum depending on the molecular target with which they interact. Adv Virus Res 1993; 42: 1-55.
4.Field AK, Biron KK. The end of innocence. Revisited: Resistance of herpesviruses to antiviral drugs. Clin Microbiol Rev 1994; 7:1-13.
5.Severson JL, Tyring SK. Relation between herpes simplex viruses and human immunodeficiency virus infections. Arch Dermatol 1999; 135:1393-1397.
6.Khan MT, Ather A, Thompson KD, Gambari R. Extracts and molecules from medicinal plants against herpes simplexviruses. Antiviral Res 2005; 67:107-119.
7.Fukuchi K, Sakagarmi H, Okuda T, Hatano T, Tanuma S, Kitajima K, et al. Inhibition of herpes simplex virus infection by tannis and related compounds. Antiviral Res 1989; 11:285- 297.
8.Vijayani P, Raghu C, Ashok G, Dhanaraj SA, Suresh B. Antiviral activity of medicinal plants of nilgiris. Indian J Med Res 2004; 120: 24-29.
9.Vijayani P, Vinodkumar S, Dhanaraj SA, Mukherjee PK, Suresh B. Hepatoprotective effect of the total alkaloid fraction of Solanum pseudocapsicum leaves. Pharm Biol 2003; 41:443-448.
10.Sucato G, Wald A, Wakabayashi E, Vieira J, Corey L. Evidence of latency and reactivation of both herpes simplex virus HSV-1 and HSV-2 in the genital region. J Infect Dis 1998; 177: 1069-1072.
11.Ghahreman A, Attar F. Biodiversity of plant species in Iran Tehran. Tehran University Publication; 1999.Vol. l. p.6. 
12.Komarov VL. Coniferales in Flora SSSR Ed. VL. Komarov Leningrad: Izatet'stvo Akademii Nauk SSSR; 1934. Vol.1. pp. 194-195 (In Russian).
13.Den Ouden P, Boom BK. Manual of cultivated conifers, Netherlands: The Hague; 1965. P. 142-144.
14.Riedl H. Cupressaceae. In: Flora Iranica, Ed. K.H. Rechinger, Graz Akademische Druck-u. Verlagsanstalts.1968. No. 50. p.2.
15.Parsa A. Flore de l’Iran, Tome 5, Teheran Publication du Minstere de l’Education, Museum d’Histoire Naturelle de Teheran. 1949. p. 863-864.
16.Sabeti H. Forests, Trees and Shrubs of Iran. Tehran: Ministry of Information and Tourism Press; 1975.p.296-299 in Persian.
17.Boukef K, Souissi HR, Balansard G. Contrabution a la etude sur les plantes employes en la medicine traditionelle de Tunisie. Plantes Med Phytother 1989; 16:260-279.
18.Castro VR. Chromium in a series of portuguese plants used in the herbal treatment of diabetes. Biol Trace Elem Res 1998; 62:101-106.
19.Assadi M. Cupressaceae in Flora of Iran. In: Assadi M, Khatamsaz M, Maassoumi AA ,Mozaffarian V. 21: 8-11, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands.Tehran: in Persian 1998.p.8-11.
20.Mascolo N, Autore G, Capasso F, Menghini A ,Fasulo MP. Biological screening of Italian medicinal plants for antiinflamatory activity. Phytother Res 1987; 1:28-31.
21.Darias V, Bravo L, Rabanal R, Sanchezmateo C, Gonzalez Luis RM, Hernandez Perez AM. New contribution to the ethnopharmacological study of the Canary Island. J Ethnopharmacol 1989; 25:77-92.
22.Jochle W.Biology and biochemistry of reproduction and contraception. Angew Chem Weinheim Bergstr Ger 1962; 1:537-549.
23.Ponce-Macotela M, Navarro-Alegria I, Martinez-Gordillo MN, Alvarez-Chacon R. In vitro antigiardiasic activity of plant extracts. Rev Invest Clin 1994; 46:343-347.
24.Caceres A, Giron LM, Alvarado SR, Torres MF. Screening of antimicrobial activity of plants popularly used in Guatemala for the treatment of dermato mucosal Diseases. J Ethnopharmacol 1987; 20:223-237.
25.Anonymous. PDR for Herbal Medicines. Montvale NJ, Thomson PDR. 2004.
26.Amouroux P, Jean D, Lamaison JL. Antiviral activity in vitro of Cupressus sempervirens on two human retroviruses HIV And HTLV. Phytother Res 1998; 12:367-369.
27.Cordell GA. Changing strategies in natural products chemistry. Phytochemistry 1995; 40: 1585-1612.
28.Adams RP, Zanoni TA, Hogge L. Oil of Juniperus flaccida var. flaccida. J Nat Prod 1984; 47:1064-1065.
29.List H, Schmidt P.Technologie pflanzlicher arzneizuberitungen, stuttgart, wissenschafliche verlagsgesellschaft mbH, 1984. 140.
30.Ishak K, Baptista A, Bianchi L, Callea F, De Groote J, Gudat F, et al. Histological grading and staging of chronic hepatitis. J Hepatol 1995; 22:696-699.
31.Bueno CA, Barquero AA, Di Consoli H, Maier MS, Alche LE.A natural tetranortriterpenoid with immunomodulating properties as a potential anti-HSV agent. Virus Res 2009; 141:147-154.
32.Wagner H, Ulrich-Merzenich G. Synergy research:      approaching       a              new       generation of
phytopharmaceuticals. Phytomedicine 2009; 16:97-110.
33.Wink, M.Evolutionary advantage and molecular modes of action of multi-component mixtures used in phytomedicine. Curr Drug Metab 2008; 10: 996-1009.
34.Ayer WA, Brown LM. Terpenoid metabolites of mushrooms and related basidiomycetes. Tetrahedron 1981; 37:2199-2248.
35.Markkanen T, Makinen ML, Maunuksela E, Himanen P. Podophyllotoxin lignans under experimental antiviral research. Drugs Exp Clin Res 1981; 7:711-718.
36.Natrajan S, Murty VVS, Seshadri TR. Biflavones of some Cupressaceae plants. Phytochemistry 1970; 9:575-579.
37.Sheriha GH, Abouamer K, Elshataiwi BZ, Ashour AS, Abed FA, Alhallaq HH. Quinoline alkaloids and cytotoxic lignans from Haplophyllum tuberculatum. J Phytochem 1987; 26:3339-3341.
38.Lipipun V, Kurokawa M, Suttisri R, Taweechotipatr P, Pramyothin P, Hattori M ,Shiraki K. Efficacy of Thia medicinal plant extract against herpes simplex virus type 1 infection in vitro and in vivo. Antiviral Res 2003; 60:175-180.
39.San Feliciano A, Medarde M, Pelaez Lamamie de Clairac R, Lopez JL, Puebla P, Garcia Gravalos MD, Ruiz Lazaro P, Garcia de Quesada MT Synthesis and biological activity of bromolignans and cyclolignans. Arch Pharm 1993; 326:421-426.
40.Rapport L, Lockwood B. Proanthocyanidins and grape seed extract. Pharm J 2001; 266:581-584.

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics