The effect of caffeine on orthodontic tooth movement in rats

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

2 Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

3 Private practice, Houston, Texas

4 Orthodontic Resident, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran

5 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

6 Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

7 Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Objective(s): to determine the effect of different doses of caffeine on orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) in rats.
Materials and Methods: Forty male 250-300 g Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups of ten animals each and received 0 (control), 1 g/l, 2 g/l and 3 g/l caffeine in tap water for 3 days. Orthodontic appliances were ligated between the maxillary first molars and incisors on the 4th day of the study period. All rats were sacrificed after 2 weeks of treatment after which OTM was measured. Hematoxylin/eosin-stained sections of the molars were prepared and the mesial roots were examined for resorption-lacunae depth and osteoclast number. ANOVA was used for statistical analysis (P<0.05).
Results: A significant decrease in OTM was observed only in the 2 g/l (P=0.043) and 3 g/l (P<0.01) caffeine-receiving rats compared to the control animals. Osteoclast counts and resorption-lacunae depths demonstrated significant differences between each of the caffeine groups and control rats (P<0.05). None of the variables showed significant differences between the caffeine groups (P>0.05).
Conclusion: According to our findings, one of the effects of caffeine consumption during orthodontic treatment in rats was decreased root resorption. Additionally, concentrations of 2 g/l and 3 g/l inhibited OTM which seems to be due to its influence on osteoclast numbers.

Keywords

References

1. Meikle MC. The tissue, cellular, and molecular regulation of orthodontic tooth movement: 100 years after Carl Sandstedt. Eur J Orthod 2006; 28:221-240.
2. Shirazi M, Dehpour AR, Jafari F. The effect of thyroid hormone on orthodontic tooth movement in rats. J Clin Pediatr Dent 1999; 23:259-264.
3. Li F, Li G, Hu H, Liu R, Chen J, Zou S. Effect of parathyroid hormone on experimental tooth movement in rats. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2013; 144:523-532.
4. Kawakami M, Takano-Yamamoto T. Local injection of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 enhanced bone formation for tooth stabilization after experimental tooth movement in rats. J Bone Miner Metab 2004; 22:541-546.
5. Shirazi M, Nilforoushan D, Alghasi H, Dehpour AR. The role of nitric oxide in orthodontic tooth movement in rats. Angle Orthod 2002; 72:211-215.
6. Nilforoushan D, Shirazi M, Dehpour AR. The role of opioid systems on orthodontic tooth movement in cholestatic rats. Angle Orthod 2002; 72:476-480.
7. Chao CF, Shih C, Wang TM, Lo TH. Effects of prostaglandin E2 on alveolar bone resorption during orthodontic tooth movement. Acta Anat (Basel) 1988; 132:304-309.
8. Kale S, Kocadereli I, Atilla P, Aşan E. Comparison of the effects of 1,25 dihydroxycholecalciferol and prostaglandin E2 on orthodontic tooth movement. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2004; 25:607-614.
9. Bartzela T, Turp JC, Motschall E, Maltha JC. Medication effects on the rate of orthodontic tooth movement: a systematic literature review. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2009; 135:16-26.
10. Fredholm BB, Battig K, Holmen J, Nehlig A, Zvartau EE. Actions of caffeine in the brain with special reference to factors that contribute to its widespread use. Pharmacol Rev 1999; 51:83-133.
11. Kinoshita T, Kobayashi S, Ebara S, Yoshimura Y, Horiuchi H, Tsutsumimoto T, et al.  Phosphodiesterase inhibitors, pentoxifylline and rolipram, increase bone mass mainly by promoting bone formation in normal mice. Bone 2000; 27:811-817.
12. Mediero A, Cronstein BN. Adenosine and bone metabolism. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2013; 24:290-300.
13. Bruton L, Chabner B, Knollman B. Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics. New York: McGrawhill; 2011.
14. Barcelos RP, Souza MA, Amaral GP, Stefanello ST, Bresciani G, Fighera MR, et al. Caffeine intake may modulate inflammation markers in trained rats. Nutrients 2014; 6:1678-1690.
15. Bezerra JP, da Silva LR, de Alvarenga Lemos VA, Duarte PM, Bastos MF. Administration of high doses of caffeine increases alveolar bone loss in ligature-induced periodontitis in rats. J Periodontol 2008; 79: 2356-2360.
16. Rapuri PB, Gallagher JC, Kinyamu HK, Ryschon KL. Caffeine intake increases the rate of bone loss in elderly women and interacts with vitamin D receptor genotypes. Am J Clin Nutr 2001; 74:694-700.
17. Tsuang YH, Sun JS, Chen LT, Sun SC, Chen SC. Direct effects of caffeine on osteoblastic cells metabolism: the possible causal effect of caffeine on the formation of osteoporosis. J Orthop Surg Res 2006; 1:7.
18. Sakamoto W, Nishihira J, Fujie K,Iizuka T, Handa H, Ozaki M, et al. Effect of coffee consumption on bone metabolism. Bone 2001; 28:332-336.
19. Duarte PM, Marques MR, Bezerra JP, Bastos MF. The effects of caffeine administration on the early stage of bone healing and bone density A histometric study in rats. Arch Oral Biol 2009; 54:717-722.
20. Nawrot P, Jordan S, Eastwood J, Rotstein J, Hugenholtz A, Feeley M. Effects of caffeine on human health. Food Addit Contam 2003; 20:1-30.
21. Folwarczna J, Pytlik M, Zych M, Cegieła U, Kaczmarczyk-Sedlak I, Nowińska B, et al. Favorable effect of moderate dose caffeine on the skeletal system in ovariectomized rats. Mol Nutr Food Res 2013; 57:1772-1784.
22. Grabrucker AM1, Rowan M, Garner CC. Brain-Delivery of Zinc-Ions as Potential Treatment for
Neurological Diseases: Mini Review. Drug Deliv Lett 2011; 1:13-23.
23. Shirazi M, Alimoradi H, Kheirandish Y, Etemad-Moghadam S, Alaeddini M, Meysamie A, et al. Pantoprazole, a proton pump inhibitor, increases orthodontic tooth movement in rats. Iran J Basic Med Sci 2014; 17:448-453.
24. Sekhavat AR, Mousavizadeh K, Pakshir HR, Aslani FS. Effect of misoprostol, a prostaglandin E1 analog, on orthodontic tooth movement in rats. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2002; 122:542-547.
25. Jager A, Zhang D, Kawarizadeh A, Tolba R, Braumann B, Lossdörfer S, Götz W. Soluble cytokine receptor treatment in experimental orthodontic tooth movement in the rat. Eur J Orthod 2005; 27:1-11.
26. Horrigan LA, Kelly JP, Connor TJ. Caffeine suppresses TNF-alpha production via activation of the cyclic AMP/protein kinase A pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2004; 4:1409-1417.
27. Bruynzeel I, Stoof TJ, Willemze R. Pentoxifylline and skin inflammation. Clin Exp Dermatol 1998; 23:168-172.
28. Yi J, Zhang L, Yan B, Yang L, Li Y, Zhao Z. Drinking coffee may help accelerate orthodontic tooth movement. Dent Hypotheses 2012; 3:72-75.
29. Peng S, Yong-chun H. Effect of caffeine on alveolar bone remodeling during orthodontic tooth movement in rats. J Tongji Univ 2011; 3:9-29.
30. Yi J, Yan B, Li M, Wang Y, Zheng W, Li Y, et al. Caffeine may enhance orthodontic tooth movement through increasing osteoclastogenesis induced by periodontal ligament cells under compression. Arch Oral Biol 2016; 64:51-60.
31. Su SJ, Chang KL, Su SH, Yeh YT, Shyu HW, Chen KM. Caffeine regulates osteogenic differentiation and mineralization of primary adipose-derived stem cells and a bone marrow stromal cell line. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2013; 64:429-436.
Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
Volume 20, Issue 3
March 2017
Pages 260-264

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics