The effect of platelet-rich plasma on human mesenchymal stem cell-induced bone regeneration of canine alveolar defects with calcium phosphate-based scaffolds

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

2 Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran

3 Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Academic Center for Education, Culture, and Research (ACECR), Khorasan Razavi Branch, Mashhad, Iran

4 Novel Diagnostics and Therapeutics Research Group, Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran

5 Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases Research Center, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

6 Microanatomy Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

7 Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran

8 Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

Abstract

Objective(s): Autologous bone transplantation known as the “gold standard” to reconstruction of osseous defects has known disadvantages. This study was designed to explore the effects of hydroxy-apatite/tricalcium-phosphate (HA/TCP) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on the osteogenesis ability of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hAdMSCs) in vitro and in vivo.
Materials and Methods: hAdMSCs were incubated with HA/TCP granules and/or PRP in vitro and then, cell proliferation and differentiation was assessed by MTT assay, AZR S staining and SEM examination. In vivo, four cylindrical defects were drilled in the mandibular bones of 5 mongrel dogs and divided randomly into the following groups: I-autologous crushed bone, II- no filling material, III- HA/TCP and PRP, IV- PRP-enriched hAdMSCs seeded on HA/TCP granules. Inserted hAdMSCs were labeled to trace their contribution to bone tissue regeneration. Finally, cell tracing and tissue regeneration were evaluated by immunohistochemistry and histomorphometry methods, respectively.   
Results: In vitro, co-incubation with HA/TCP granules significantly reduced proliferation and osteogenic differentiation ability of hAdMSCs; while PRP application promoted these capacities (P<0.05). In vivo, PRP-enriched hAdMSCs seeded on HA/TCP granules induced considerable bone formation in osseous defects (P<0.05). It was obviously shown that hAdMSCs were incorporated into the newly-formed bone.   
Conclusion: Based on this study, application of stem cells could offer a helpful therapeutic tool in bone tissue regeneration. Although inserted hAdMSCs were identifiable throughout the newly-formed bone tissue, their few number could be an indicator of indirect role of hAdMSCs in tissue regeneration.

Keywords

References

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Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
Volume 20, Issue 10
October 2017
Pages 1131-1140

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