Effects of synthetic silymarin-PLGA nanoparticles on M2 polarization and inflammatory cytokines in LPS-treated murine peritoneal macrophages

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Research Center of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Institute of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

2 Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences,Tehran, Iran

3 Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran

4 Razi Herbal Medicines Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran

Abstract

Objective(s): Silymarin (SM) is a natural antioxidant compound with good anti-inflammatory effects, but its poor water solubility restricts its usage. Today, nanomaterial compounds (such as PLGA Poly D, L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) can provide a proper drug delivery system and help improve the accessibility of bioactive compounds to cells and tissues.
Materials and Methods: In this study, PLGA nanoparticles (NPs) containing SM (SM-PLGA) were synthesized and characterized and their biological effects were evaluated on M2 macrophage polarization to regulate inflammation. SM-PLGA NPs were fabricated by the oil in water emulsion (O/W) method. Macrophages (MQs) were isolated from mouse peritoneum by the cold RPMI lavage protocol. Primary mouse MQ cells were treated by SM and SM-PLGA NPs and then stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). M2 polarization was evaluated by measurements of cytokine secretion levels (TNF-α, IL1-β, and IL-10), flow cytometry markers (F4/80, CD11b, CD38, and CD206), and the expression of specific proteins (M2 Ym1 and Fizz1).
Results: SM-PLGA characterization showed that NPs were fabricated in the desired form. SM and SM-PLGA decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL1-β) and increased IL10 as an anti-inflammatory cytokine. On the other hand, the M2-associated markers and proteins increased following treatment with SM and SM-PLGA. Post-hoc analysis indicated that these changes were more pronounced in the SM-PLGA group.
Conclusion: This study revealed that SM-PLGA could markedly promote M2 polarization, thereby providing a valuable medical approach against sepsis and septic shock.

Keywords

References

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Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
Volume 24, Issue 10
October 2021
Pages 1446-1454

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