Inhibition of aluminum chloride-induced amyloid Aβ peptide accumulation and brain neurodegeneration by Bougainvillea spectabilis flower decoction

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Department of Toxicology and Narcotics, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt

2 Department of Medical Biochemistry, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt

3 Department of Pathology, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt

Abstract

Objective(s): To investigate the potential therapeutic effect of Bougainvillea spectabilis flower decoction on aluminum chloride (AlCl3)-induced neurotoxicity. 
Materials and Methods: Rats received daily intraperitoneal injections of AlCl3 at 10 mg/kg for two months and were treated with B. spectabilis decoction at 50 or 100 mg/kg or saline during the 2nd month of the study. The control group received saline. Brain malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), reduced glutathione (GSH), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), amyloid Aβ peptide, and interleukin-6 (IL-6) concentrations and paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) activity were determined and brain histology was done. Behavioral and neurological testing included Morris water maze (WMZ), Y maze, and wire hanging. 
Results: Compared with saline controls, AlCl3 significantly increased brain MDA and NO along with decreased GSH and PON-1 activity. It also increased AChE, IL-6, and amyloid Aβ concentrations. AlCl3 impaired motor strength and memory performance and caused brain neurodegeneration. B. spectabilis decoction given at 50 or 100 mg/kg protected against the biochemical and histopathological alterations evoked by AlCl3 by alleviating the increase in MDA and NO, and decrease in GSH and PON-1 activity.  B. spectabilis decoction showed no significant effect on AChE but markedly decreased IL-6 and amyloid Aβ in the brain of AlCl3-treated rats. It also restored memory performance and motor strength, and protected against AlCl3-induced neurodegeneration.
Conclusion: These results suggest that B. spectabilis flower decoction might prove of value in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease.

Keywords

References

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Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
Volume 24, Issue 10
October 2021
Pages 1437-1445

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